129 research outputs found
Microbial Stress Responses: Antioxidants, the Plasma “Membrane, and Beyond
No full textFrontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac
ICAR-CSSRI Annual Report (English) 2019
No full textThe Annual Report for the period 2019 brings out the major achievements in the areas of
technology development and dissemination to the farmers' fields. Some major research
breakthroughs during the period under report were: novel alternative amendments for improving
sodic soils; Feasibility of subsurface drip technology in cereal based systems of IGP; cropping
systems intensification in coastal salt-affected soils; soil bacterial community composition under
reclaimed sodic soils; impact of land modification models in waterlogged sodic areas; technical
guidance, monitoring and evaluation of SSD projects; conjunctive irrigation for improving water
productivity in saline Vertisols; climate smart agriculture practices to improve systems' adaptability
and bio-formulation for successful management of banana fusarium wilt disease
ICAR-CSSRI Annual Report (English) 2018-19
No full textThe Annual Report for the period 2018-19 brings out the major achievements in the areas
of technology development, transfer and farmers' empowerment. Some major research
breakthroughs during the period under report were : Identication of promising salt
tolerant rice line, CSR 59, Development of GypKIT: A Field Testing Kit for the Rapid
Assessment of Sodic Soil, Identication of Marine Gypsum : A potential alternative to
Mineral Gypsum for Reclaiming Sodic Soils, Resource conservation techniques for sustainable rice-wheat cultivation, Integrated nutrient management for maximizing the
yield and factor productivity in desi cotton-based cropping systems in saline Vertisols, and
the promotion of land shaping techniques as farming business models in coastal saline
areas.ICA
Crop Residue Degradation by Autochthonous Fungi Isolated from Cropping System Management Scenarios
No full textIn the rice-wheat system dominated belt of India (Indo-Gangetic plains; IGP), paddy leaves, about 8 to 9 t/ha of loose and anchored residue in the field, are mechanically harvested. Farmers prefer to burn this residue to clear the field for the timely preparation of conventional wheat sowing. In-situ degradation by autochthonous fungi can be a better option for the disposal of unwanted crop residues. Autochthonous fungi isolated from conservation agriculture-based crop management fields were screened and assessed for their residue degradation potential. Nineteen isolates were selected for detailed enzymatic analysis in submerged fermentation, responsible for lignocellulosic residue degradation. Out of these five fungal isolates RPW 1/3 (Aspergillus flavus), RPW 1/6 (Aspergillus terreus), RPW 1/9 (Aspergillus terreus), RPWM 2/2 (Penicillium janthinellum) and RZWM 3/1 (Aspergillus niger) showed higher activities of cellobiase, CMCase, FPase, xylanase, and laccase enzymes in solid state fermentation. Further two isolates RPW 1/3 and 1/6 showed approximately 30% degradation of straw residue after 10 days incubation
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No full textNot AvailableSoil salinization is the third important chemical soil degradation. It develops because of relative preponderance of soluble and sparingly soluble salts of sodium, calcium, magnesium and potassium. Excess salts and nadequate soil-water movement and specific ions toxicities in these soils consequently impede ecosystem functions and limits crop performance. Rehabilitation of salt-affected soil (SAS) occupies a major focus in the current policies of the government in order to achieve land degradation neutrality and land restoration.
These are relevant for Sustainable Development Goals (particularly SDG 15-Life and Land) of United Nations.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableSoil sodicity is major stress limiting crop production in the arid and semi-arid regions where groundwater
contains excess salts with variable sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). This study investigated the impact of farmyard manure (F) and city compost in conjunction with gypsum to rehabilitate saline-sodic soil having pH1:2 (10.7), electrical conductivity (EC1:2; 3.09 dS m−1) and exchangeable sodium (70.3 %). Soil amended with gypsum (25 and 50 % of gypsum requirement, GR) and/or with 10 t ha−1 F (GR25 F), Karnal (GR25 K) and Delhi compost (GR25D) were incubated at moisture ∼60 % maximum WHC. One month incubated soils were sequentially leached up to ten pore volumes using saline water of SAR 5 and 15 with constant EC (6 dS m−1). The increment in SAR of applied water reduced the cumulative loss of Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ and increased the release of Na+. Application of amendments and intense leaching decreased the soil pHs, ECe and alkalinity. Leaching with SAR 5 water decreased SAR of soil saturation extract to 9.7 compared with SAR 15 (17.2). Gapon’s selectivity coefficient (KG) pointed to the greater (0.017) adsorption preference of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the soil leached with SAR 15 than SAR 5 (0.014) water. Reclamation depends on inherent soil ESP and supply of Ca2+ for exchange phase; KGbecomes more prioritized when SAR 15 water applied for leaching. Therefore, conjunctive use of gypsum (GR25) with compost is as effective as gypsum (GR50) on decrement of soil pHs and leaching of soluble salts.Not Availabl
Can conjunctive use of gypsum, city waste composts and marginal quality water rehabilitate saline-sodic soils?
No full textCS58: new high yielding, salt and alkaline tolerant cultivar of Indian mustard
No full textCS58 is a newly developed, salt-tolerant, high-yielding Indian mustard variety from ICAR- CSSRI, Karnal, India, to harness the yield potential of saltaffected soils of India. It produced 24-25% higher seed yield than the national check varieties CS54 and Kranti and was well received and adopted by farmers in salt-affected areas of the country during on-farm demonstrations
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