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Nomes de animais em três manuscritos jesuíticos em língua geral do século XVIII (Eckart, MA 569 da Academia de Ciências de Lisboa e manuscrito da Universidade de Trier)
No full textThree dictionaries of the Língua Geral prepared by Jesuit missionaries who lived in the State of Grão-Pará before 1756 are studied in this paper: Father Anselm Eckart’s Vocabulario (undated), the Manuscript no. 569 of the Academia de Ciências de Lisboa, also undated and anonymous, and the Trier Manuscript, dated from 1756, without a title and equally by na anonymous author. A comparative study is made of the names of animals and words related to the ‘work of an animal’ (in the meaning of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature) cited in those manuscripts and the species listed in them identified as far as possible. Those three manuscripts are very closely related, sharing 19 synapomorphies (first citations of names of animals in the Língua Geral or exclusive spellings of words both in Portuguese and in Língua Geral), differing from all other Jesuitic vocabularies prepared in the State of Brazil or in the State of Grão-Pará. Eckart’s Vocabulario and the Trier Manuscript share many similarities, differing from the MS 569 of the Portuguese Academy of Sciences. A comparison is also made, as regards names of animals, between Eckart’s Zusätze (1785) and the Trier Manuscript
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A ictiologia na Amazônia brasileira de Diogo Nunes (1538) a Landi (1772): a visão dos viajantes e naturalistas que trataram de sua ictiofauna durante este período
No full textThis paper aimed at gathering and making available information on the Amazonian ichthyfauna according to several writings of the 16th to the 17th century. Documental sources from many libraries and archives were consulted, and the species mentioned in the selected documents were taxonomically identified. Also, observations based on available textual and iconographical references were made so as to add zoologically relevant information. It was realized that, due to the then prevailing definition of the concept of "fish", a study of ichthyology in that period must include also data on species belonging to taxa other than lampreys, hagfishes, elasmobranchs and teleosts. At the beginning ot the colonial period, the concept of fish was simply generalized as meaning fishery resources, and there was no much interest in drafting checklists of the New World fish fauna. Later, some of the incoming visitors. set themselves to describe and illustrate the fish fauna more specifically: in this phase when fish species were described in fuller detail, three works are outstanding: the text attributed to Fr. Cristóvão de Lisboa (1625-1631), the codex by Antonio Giuseppe Landi (1772) and especially the manuscript by Fr. João Daniel (1758-1776) who was found to be a pioneer of conservationism in Amazonia. Overall, the visitors who carne to the region lacked a specific academie background and, as they served to various tasks other than Science, they did not follow a methodology that could be called scientific. Because their manuscripts were not made public or even printed, for several reasons, the knowledge they produced was not cumulative, let alone analytical, and had no significant influence on the development of Ichthyology. On the other hand, naturalists who in fact did not come to Amasonia could make a stronger contribution, by consolidating the knowledge obtained from mainly the work of Georg Marcgrave (1648) and from specimens collected in Dutch colonies in South America, and by including it in a great classification system that would later rekindle the interest of other scientists in studying the Amazonian fish fauna.Este trabalho visou reunir e disponibilizar informações sobre a ictiofauna da Amazônia segundo vários escritos do século XVI ao XVII. Consultaram-se, fontes documentais de várias bibliotecas e arquivos, e dos documentos selecionados procedeu-se à identificação taxonômica das espécies neles referidas. Também se fizeram observações com base nas referências textuais e iconográficas disponíveis, de forma a acrescentar informações consideradas de relevância zoológica. Constatou-se que, devido à definição então vigente do conceito de "peixe", um estudo da ictiologia do período precisaria incluir também informações sobre espécies de outros táxons aquáticos que não agnatos, elasmobrânquios e teleósteos. No início do período colonial, a idéia de peixe era generalizada simplesmente como pescado, e não havia muita preocupação em inventariar a ictiofauna do Novo Mundo. Mais tarde, alguns dos visitantes da região puseram-se a descrever e ilustrar a ictiofauna de maneira mais específica: nessa fase em que se dava mais detalhamento às espécies de peixes destacavam-se o texto atribuído ao Fr. Cristóvão de Lisboa (1625- 1631), o códice do arquiteto Antonio Giuseppe Landi (1772) e principalmente o manuscrito do Pe. João Daniel (1758-1776) — o qual se revelou um pioneiro do movimento conservacionista da Amazônia. Os visitantes que vieram à região careciam, no geral, de formação acadêmica específica e, servindo a funções várias alheias à Ciência, não seguiam uma metodologia que se pudesse chamar de científica. Devido ao fato de seus manuscritos não terem sido divulgados ou sequer impressos, por vários motivos, o conhecimento neles produzido não foi cumulativo ou analítico, e não teve influência significativa no desenvolvimento da Ictiologia. Por outro lado, os naturalistas que efetivamente não estiveram na Amazônia puderam trazer uma contribuição de maior impacto, consolidando o conhecimento obtido através principalmente da obra de Georg Marcgrave (1648) e de exemplares coletados nas possessões holandesas da América do Sul, e incluindo-o num grande sistema classificatório que mais tarde despertaria o interesse de outros cientistas em conhecer a ictiofauna amazônica
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Insecta - Diptera - Somatiidae.
No full textBrazilian Amazonia has only one (out of 7) species of the exclusively neotropical family Somatiidae
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