40,514 research outputs found
리튬 이차 전지용 리튬 망간 산화물 분말의 제조 방법
No full textA method for manufacturing LiMn2O4 powders for use in a lithium secondary battery positive electrode, is provided, in which oxide or carbonate is used as a positive electrode material, a solution is dried at a temperature higher than 150° C., and the resulting matter is put into a reaction furnace in order to be calcinated for a short time, after treating by spontaneous combustion. A certain degree of crystallization of the positive electrode powders can be obtained in the spontaneous combustion process. Thus, a battery having a large charging and discharging capacity and a long life cycle can be manufactured even under a high current condition
The economic impact of credit default swap on credit markets
No full textThis study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the economic benefits and costs of credit default swap (CDS) in credit markets since its inception. Consistent with its role of insuring credit risk, the introduction of CDS reduces illiquidity and liquidity risk more for speculative grade bonds with high credit risk than investment grade ones. More importantly, CDS significantly improves the price convergence between investment grade bonds and CDS spreads through a popular trading strategy—CDS-bond basis arbitrage in normal period. In the recent crisis, however, CDS fails to reduce the prolonged price divergence between the two markets plausibly due to the lack of arbitrage. Overall, the economic impact of CDS is dependent on the prevailing trading strategies in the credit markets
Kim Jŏ-dzŏng – najważniejsza kobieta w Koreańskiej Republice Ludowo-Demokratycznej
No full textThe Democratic People's Republic of Korea is a country with a patriarchal character. For three generations, it has been ruled almost exclusively by men. It was only at the beginning of the 21st century that a woman - the sister of Kim Jong Un – Kim Yo Jong – began to gain power there. The aim of the article is to present the path followed by the first woman who found herself officially in the strictest circles of power in North Korea, as well as the path of her career in DPRK politics. The use of the historical and institutional method allowed to show how Kim Yo Jong entered the next levels of power in the state, and finally became the second person in North Korea. She also became the first woman to gain a real, confirmed in officially held office, influence on the internal and foreign policy of the DPRK.Koreańska Republika Ludowo-Demokratyczna jest państwem o patriarchalnym charakterze. Od trzech pokoleń rządy sprawują w niej niemal wyłącznie mężczyźni. Dopiero na początku XXI wieku władzę zaczęła tam zdobywać kobieta – siostra Kim Dzong Una – Kim Jŏ-dzŏng. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie drogi jaką przeszła pierwsza kobieta, która znalazła się oficjalnie w najściślejszych kręgach władzy w Korei Północnej, jak i ścieżki jej kariery w polityce KRLD. Wykorzystanie metody historycznej oraz instytucjonalnej pozwoliło na wykazanie w jaki sposób Kim Jŏ-dzŏng wchodziła po kolejnych szczeblach władzy w państwie, by ostatecznie stać się drugą osobą w Korei Północnej. Stała się również pierwszą kobietą, która uzyskała realny, potwierdzony w oficjalnie sprawowanych urzędach, wpływ na politykę wewnętrzną i zagraniczną KRLD
Current status and applications of genome-scale metabolic models
No full textGenome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) computationally describe gene-protein-reaction associations for entire metabolic genes in an organism, and can be simulated to predict metabolic fluxes for various systems-level metabolic studies. Since the first GEM for Haemophilus influenzae was reported in 1999, advances have been made to develop and simulate GEMs for an increasing number of organisms across bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. Here, we review current reconstructed GEMs and discuss their applications, including strain development for chemicals and materials production, drug targeting in pathogens, prediction of enzyme functions, pan-reactome analysis, modeling interactions among multiple cells or organisms, and understanding human diseases
Role of chemical exchange on the relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement signal in saturation transfer MRI
No full text© 2021 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in MedicinePurpose: The pH sensitivity of chemical exchange-relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement (rNOE) signal in a saturation transfer experiment is not fully understood and needs further investigation. Methods: A three-pool-exchange model was simulated assuming that the magnetization transfer between an NOE pool and water is relayed by a chemical exchange (CE) pool. The saturation transfer signals from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and egg white albumin (EWA) phantoms were measured with different pH or different D2O/H2O mixture solutions. Results: Simulation results showed that the rNOE signal is independent of the Larmor frequency of the CE pool, indicating any CE pool can effectively relay NOE magnetization. The rNOE signal is sensitive to a change of the CE pool size and/or exchange rate only if the CE becomes a rate-limiting step in the relay process. The rNOE signal from BSA phantoms showed larger pH-dependence at −3.0 ppm than those at −1.9 and −4.0 ppm. However, rNOE signals from aliphatic protons have much weaker pH-dependence than the CEST signal, suggesting that CE is unlikely the rate-limiting step and the rNOE signals in BSA are mainly relayed by fast exchanging protons. The existence of aromatic NOE was confirmed by proton spectroscopy. Conclusion: The pH-sensitivity of the rNOE signal is determined by whether the CE process is a rate-limiting step in the relay. The rNOE signal has much weaker pH-sensitivity than the CEST signal in BSA proteins, which can explain the weak pH sensitivity of rNOE in vivo.11Nsciescopu
Characterization of Ni-Doped BST Thin Films on LSCO Buffer Layer Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition
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