169,918 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Template evaporation method for controlling anatase nanocrystal size in ordered macroporous TiO2
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
A 0.12mm<sup>2</sup> Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C
No full text Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm 2 ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm 2 resistor-based sensor that uses a Wien-bridge (WB) filter to achieve 0.1 {circ} {C} (3 sigma) inaccuracy from - 40 {circ} {C} to 180 {circ} {C}. Compared to a state-of-the-art WB sensor [4], it occupies 6 × less area and achieves comparable relative accuracy over a 76% wider operating range. Session 10.3 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
FIRST DISCOVERY OF ASIMOWITE IN AN ANTARCTIC METEORITE (GROSVENOR MOUNTAINS 17151, L6, ORDINARY CHONDRITE).
No full textOrdinary chondrites (OCs) preserve a record of impact events due to collision(s) among their parent asteroids that helps constrain the shock conditions and parameters (in particular, size and relative encounter velocity) of impactors and targets. In turn, the co-evolution of planetesimal sizes and their orbital excitation can distinguish among scenarios for the early evolution of the solar system. Shock parameters can be inferred from high-pressure (HP) minerals that are often found in melt veins (MV). Herein, we report the first discoveries of nine HP minerals in the recently recovered L6 chondrite, GRO 17151 (Grosvenor Mountains, season 2017-2018). Furthermore, we report the first discovery of the Fe-rich analogue of wadsleyite, asimowite, from an Antarctic meteorite (3rd known occurrence altogether).
One large main MV is visible in each of two studied sections. The vein contains HP polymorphs of olivine (ringwoodite + ahrensite + wadsleyite + asimowite), orthopyroxene (majorite), Na-pyroxene (albitic jadeite), phosphate (tuite), silica (stishovite) and oxide (xieite). Using these observations, we are able to constrain the impact record of this meteorite.
The GRO 17151 was recovered by the Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) expedition in the 2017-2018 season and classified as type L6 [1]. Two single-polished thin sections (GRO 17151-8, GRO 17151-9) were examined for shock indicators, with a focus on the MVs and their HP phases. We used optical microscopy, a JEOL JSM-IT300LV scanning electron microscope (SEM), a dispersive confocal Renishaw inVia Reflex Raman microscope (514 nm laser), a Zeiss 1550VP field-emission SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) capability, and a JEOL JXA 8530F electron probe micro-analyzer. Around 20 areas of the MV were analyzed for texture, mineral chemistry, and Raman spectroscopy (RS), and a few of them with EBSD.
Petrography, mineral chemistry, and structure: In the groundmass of GRO 17151, olivine grains show strong mosaicism and planar deformation features. The single thick MV is presumed to be the result of a strong shock event; it is in contact with olivine but occasionally also with pyroxene and metal grains. The width of the thickest MV is nearly constant (~500 to 600 μm). The MV consists of glass, silicate clasts (olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase), sulfides, chromite, and Fe-Ni metal.
HP minerals. We have observed 9 HP phases including ringwoodite (rw), ahrensite (ahr), wadsleyite (wd), asimowite (asi), majorite (maj), albitic jadeite (jd), stishovite (stv), tuite (tu), and xieite (xie). The MV matrix is mostly a crystallized assemblage of maj+rw+wd+magnesiowüstite (Fig. 1).
The large green crystals, up to about 250 μm, have olivine stoichiometry and variable composition from Fa15 to Fa52. Co-located RS have strong wad peaks and minor rw peaks. Turning to EBSD analysis coupled with high-spatial resolution co-located EPMA, the small BSE-bright crystals in Figs 1B and 1D are Fe-dominant (Fa>50%), yield structure solutions most consistent with wadsleyite structure (though ahr structure is difficult to distinguish by EBSD), and strong wd Raman peaks. Hence these are asimowite (Fig. 2).
Crystals of albitic jadeite [2,3] are equigranular to irregularly shaped, up to ~20 μm, and by EPMA yield the formula (Na0.43-61Ca0.07-0.08K0.02-0.085□0.27-0.45)(Al0.83-0.86Si0.16-0.19Fe0.01-0.04)Si2O6, with Ca# [100×Ca/(Ca+ Na)] in the range of 10.4-15.1. The RS of GRO 17151 albitic jadeite has a distinct major peak at 701 cm–1 and minor peaks at 204, 377, 436, 525, 574, 989, and 1038 cm–1 (Fig. 3A). The RS of near-endmember jd has major peaks at 700, 991, and 1040 cm–1 and minor peaks at 204, 375, 385, 433, 525, 575 cm–1 (RRUFF R050220.2), which is a good match even though our EPMA analysis shows that the GRO 17151 material is not near-endmember jd. As expected but not often found, the jd coexists at fine scale with stishovite, based on mixed RS (spectrum A31 in figure 3A) showing the major stv peak at ~751 cm1 and one minor peak at 231 cm1. Further, the composition of phosphate has a merrillite-like chemistry with Na2O in the range 2.58-2.74, MgO 3.38-3.51 and FeO 0.72-1.35 wt.%.
P-T-t constraints. The RS of GRO 17151 phosphate shows a mix of merrillite and tu due to partial preservation of tu from high pressure; tu suggests P ≤ 22 GPa. The P for growth of albitic jadeite and asimowite [5], which lack any stability fields, cannot be assessed. The occurrence of wd, however, suggests P > 13 GPa to at most 22 GPa (depending on T and Fe content), coexisting wd and ahr bounds the P along the upper limit of the wd field. The existence of maj suggests P of 17–20 GPa and 1800–2100 °C [4].
Pending further work, it is clear that GRO 17151 is heavily shocked, hosting at least nine HP phases indicating peak shock conditions > 17 GPa and 1800 °C. It hosts a unique record of the passage of material through space-and-time-variable high-P,T conditions. This occurrence of asimowite is the first in an Antarctic meteorite and indicates a very different paragenesis from previous reports [5]. Moreover, all the fine-grained wadsleyite()-structured material is more Fe-rich than any experimentally synthesized stable wd, even though it is not all asimowite by the 50% rule. We suggest that Fe-rich (~Fo50) olivine suffered a shock strong enough to form ringwoodite(), which thereafter, during decompression avoided back-transformation to olivine() at the equilibrium - phase loop, reaching instead the metastable branch of β-γ loop and forming a series from ~Fa40 wd to ~Fa55 asi, with traces of even more Fe-rich ahr still remaining on quench
A ±25A Versatile Shunt-Based Current Sensor with 10kHz Bandwidth and ±0.25% Gain Error from -40°C to 85°C Using 2-Current Calibration
No full textAccurate current sensing is critical in many industrial applications, such as battery management and motor control. Precise shunt-based current sensors have been reported with gain errors of less than 1% over the industrial temperature range (-40°C to 85°C) [1]–[4]. However, since they are intended for coulomb counting, their bandwidth is limited to a few tens of Hz, making them unsuitable for battery impedance or motor-current sensing. This paper presents a current sensor with a wide (10kHz) bandwidth and a tunable temperature compensation scheme (TCS), which allows it to be flexibly used with different types of shunts while maintaining high accuracy. A low-cost room-temperature calibration scheme is proposed to optimize gain flatness over temperature by exploiting the shunt's self-heating at large currents. Over the industrial temperature range and a ±25A current range, it achieves state-of-the-art gain error (±0.25%) with both low-cost PCB and stable metal-alloy shunts.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
An Article About Albertus C. Van Raalte, Author Unknown, Except for Parts Taken from an Article by Anna C. Post
No full textAn article about Albertus C. Van Raalte, author unknown, except for parts taken from an article by Anna C. Post. The author knew first generation persons in the Holland settlement and therefore, the article has some value.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1890s/1012/thumbnail.jp
Archivist, Archaeologist, Author and the Tactile Window
No full textThe idea that the predominant way of engaging with architecture is through vision is not uncommon but also not always the most appropriate given that buildings are also experienced through tactile interventions. This consequence that emphasises visual aesthetics in order to appreciate and understand architecture probably has much to do with the assumed but rather vaguely defined role of the architect as designer in the practice of architectural design. A resulting misapprehension is that architects designing for visual appreciation think that they are actually designing physical space for embodied tactile engagement.
This prioritisation of vision in the way architects think about and approach design is questioned through the design project of the Tactile Window in which the position of the architect is redefined through inhabiting the roles of archivist, archaeologist and author during the design process.
A 16th century portrait of Queen Elizabeth I known as the Ditchley portrait, currently on display at the National Portrait Gallery is used as the source from which the design of the Tactile Window is derived from and refers back to. Questioning the validity of vision as the sole means of engaging with the work, information about the portrait and working methods gathered from the three carefully chosen positions mentioned above are drawn on and applied to the making of this Tactile Window that becomes an alternative Ditchley portrait. Through exploring the hidden historical and current narratives of and in the existing portrait, the presence of the portrait is alluded to on an alternative physical site. Key to this are the working methods of an invented archival system of design reasoning, the unearthing of archaeological texts and assuming of authorship within the individual frameworks of the roles of archivist, archaeologist and author.
The redefined role of the architect as archaeologist takes onboard the unearthing of associated drawings and writings as well as the methods of organising and applying the recovered information to the system set up by the archivist. This analysis of the graphic and text based information is used to formulate historical narratives that are woven into the design project. Whereas traditional archaeology stresses on the study of a site from a site with quantifiable limits to the physical context, the notion of archaeological sites in this instance refers to the places where the stored information is unearthed. Through the careful process of archiving and analysing this information, a new site that is located within both the physical and historical contexts of interest is discovered. The author then draws upon the elements in the archival system that includes the findings of the archaeologist to construct the alternative Ditchley portrait in this new site of the Echoing Cedar, the result of which bears no visual resemblance to the existing work.
The Tactile Window is a reading of the Ditchley portrait in which information about and in the painting is transformed into a design proposal for an inhabited structure. The intended method of interaction with this alternative portrait is not merely restricted to vision but relies on engagement with the other senses. This experience is enhanced by the interplay with certain site conditions such as wind and rain in order to allude to specific aspects of the Ditchley portrait that are not visually apparent in the existing work.
In the processes of excavating, finding and revealing the hidden information to create this alternative portrait, the effects of the visuals afforded by the existing portrait inadvertently begin to fade as the validity of a single means of visual expression is questioned
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