4,595 research outputs found
Yeast metabolism in fresh and frozen dough : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Food Technology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
No full textAuthor also known as SM LovedayFresh bakery products have a very short shelf life, which limits the extent to which manufacturing can be centralised. Frozen doughs are relatively stable and can be manufactured in large volumes, distributed and baked on-demand at the point of sale or consumption. With appropriate formulation and processing a shelf life of several months can be achieved.Shelf life is limited by a decline in proofing rate after thawing, which is attributed to a) the dough losing its ability to retain gas and b) insufficient gas production, i.e. yeast activity. The loss of shelf life is accelerated by delays between mixing and freezing, which allow yeast cells the chance to ferment carbohydrates.This work examined the reasons for insufficient gas production after thawing frozen dough and the effect of pre-freezing fermentation on shelf life. Literature data on yeast metabolite dynamics in fermenting dough were incomplete. In particular there were few data on the accumulation of ethanol, a major fermentation end product which can be injurious to yeast.Doughs were prepared in a domestic breadmaker using compressed yeast from a local manufacturer and analysed for glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose and ethanol. Gas production after thawing declined within 48 hours of frozen storage. This was accelerated by 30 or 90 minutes of fermentation at 30;C prior to freezing.Sucrose was rapidly hydrolysed and yeast consumed glucose in preference to fructose. Maltose was not consumed while other sugars remained. Ethanol, accumulated from consumption of glucose and fructose, was produced in approximately equal amounts to CO2, indicating that yeast cells metabolised reductively.Glucose uptake in fermenting dough followed simple hyperbolic kinetics and fructose uptake was competitively inhibited by glucose. Mathematical modelling indicated that diffusion of sugars and ethanol in dough occurred quickly enough to eliminate solute gradients brought about by yeast metabolism
Converting SrI <sub>2</sub> :Eu <sup>2+</sup> into a near infrared scintillator by Sm <sup>2+</sup> co-doping
No full text The luminescence and scintillation properties of SrI 2 single crystals doped with 5% Eu 2+ and 0.05%, 0.2% and 0.5% Sm 2+ are evaluated. X-ray excited and photoluminescence measurements show energy transfer from excited Eu 2+ ions to Sm 2+ ions. At a concentration of 0.5% Sm 2+ , the luminescence consists almost entirely of 740 nm emission from Sm 2+ 5d-4f transitions. Co-doping SrI 2 :5% Eu 2+ with Sm 2+ provides a novel method to bypass the self-absorption problem encountered in large SrI 2 :Eu 2+ crystals and, at the same time, provides a unique near-infrared emitting scintillator with a light yield of approximately 40,000 photons/MeV. Accepted Author ManuscriptRST/Fundamental Aspects of Materials and EnergyRST/Luminescence Material
'Laws 'Needefull in Later to be Abrogated': Intersex and the Sources of Christian Theology
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Palgrave Macmillan via the DOI in this record
Introduction: Troubling Bodies?
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Palgrave Macmillan via the DOI in this record
PENGARUH ION Cd2• TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KANDUNGAN FITOSTEROID DARI KULTUR PUCUK SOLANUM MAMMOSUM L. (SM-1)
No full textDan hasil penelitian pengaruh ion Cd2 + terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan frtosteroid kultur pucuk Solanum mammosum L. (SM-1) dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa :
Penambahan ion Cd2 + pada media kultivasi berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan kultur pucuk Solanum mammosum L. (SM-1). Adanya ion Cd2+ menurunkan laju pertumbuhan dan laju pertumbuhan paling rendah terdapat pada kultur pucuk dengan penambahan ion Cd2+ 99,35 JlM.
Penambahan ion Cd2 + juga berpengaruh terhadap kandungan fitosteroid kultur pucuk Solanum mammosum L. (SM-1). Kandungan sterol total dari kolesterol, kampesterol, stigmaterol dan sitosterol pada ekstrak fraksi kloroform paling tinggi terdapat pada kultur pucuk dengan ion Cd2+ 24,84 JlM dan paling rendah terdapat pada kultur pucuk tanpa penambahan ion Cd2 +
Kamus Filsafat: Buku Acuan Paling Tepercaya di Dunia
No full text1. Kamus Filsafat memiliki lebih dari 3.000 entri- termasuk 500 biografi filsuf paling terkenal dan berpengaruh
2. Mencakup istilah-istilah dan konsep-konsep terbaru di tradisi-tradisi filsafat barat, china, india, islam, dan yahudi.
3. Memetakan kronologi hal-ihwal filsafat sejak 10.000 SM sampai sekarang
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG PALING BERPENGARUH PADA MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA PEMBELAJARAN MODEL OPEN ENDED LEARNING (OEL) DI SMK
No full textFAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG PALING BERPENGARUH PADA MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA PEMBELAJARAN MODEL OPEN ENDED LEARNING (OEL) DI SM
Hubungan Antara Kadar Anti-Dsdna Dan Anti Sm Terhadap Beratnya Manifestasi Nefritis Lupus Di Rsu Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang
No full textLatar Belakang. Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik (LES) merupakan penyakit autoimun sistemik yang disebabkan produksi antibodi dan deposisi kompleks imun yang bermanifestasi sebagai kerusakan jaringan. Antibodi yang banyak ditemukan pada LES adalah anti dsDNA dan anti Sm. Anti dsDNA adalah antibodi terhadap antigen dsDNA. Anti Sm adalah antibodi terhadap antigen Smith. Keberadaan antibodi tersebut kemungkinan terkait dengan terjadinya NL. Tujuan Mengetahui apakah kadar anti ds-DNA dan anti Sm dalam serum berkaitan dengan derajat manifestasi lupus nefritis. Metode penelitian. Penelitian ini adalah crossectional study dengan pengambilan sampel dari bulan Maret 2009-Februari 2010. Subyek penelitian adalah 40 pasien LES, terbagi menjadi kelompok derajat (derajat 0-2 dan derajat 3-4) dan kelompok biopsi (kelas I-II, kelas III-IV, kelas V-VI). Pemeriksaan kadar Anti dsDNA dan Anti Sm menggunakan metode direct ELISA. Analisa data untuk kelompok derajat dengan uji Mann Whitney, dan untuk kelompok biopsi dengan uji Kruskal Wallis. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian Rerata kadar anti dsDNA dan anti Sm kelompok derajat 3-4 lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok derajat 0-2 (p=0,000 dan p= 0.171). Rerata kadar Anti dsDNA paling tinggi pada kelompok biopsi kelas III-IV (p = 0,002), rerata kadar anti Sm paling tinggi pada kelompok biopsi kelas I-II (p=0,787). Terdapat korelasi positif antara anti dsDNA dengan kelompok derajat (r=0,611, p=0.000). Tidak terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara Anti dsDNA dengan kelompok kelas biopsi, antara anti Sm dengan kelompok derajat, dan antara anti Sm dengan kelompok biopsi (p=0,370; p=0,168; dan p=0,611). Kesimpulan Kadar Anti dsDNA dan Anti Sm pada kelompok derajat 3-4 lebih tinggi daripada kelompok derajat 0-2. Kadar Anti dsDNA ditemukan paling tinggi pada kelompok biopsi kelas III-IV. Kadar Anti Sm ditemukan paling tinggi pada kelompok biopsi kelas I-II. Terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar Anti dsDNA dan kelompok derajat
Intrafullerene electron transfers in Sm-containing metallofullerenes: Sm@C-2n (74 <= 2n <= 84)
No full textThe electronic properties of Sm-containing metallofullerenes, Sm@C-74, Sm@C-76 (I, II), Sm@C-78, Sm@C-80, Sm@C-82 (I, II, III) and Sm@C-84 (I, II, III), are characterized by UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). the UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra of Sm@C-74, Sm@C-80, Sm@C-82 (I, II, III) and Sm@C-84 (I, II) are quite similar to those of the corresponding Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu, Tm, Yb-based metallofullerenes. In contrast, the absorption spectra of Sm@C-76 (I, II), Sm@C-78 and Sm@C-84(III) show a novel feature: the onset for Sm@C-78 is observed similar to 2600 nm, which corresponds to a small band gap (similar to0.5 eV). Furthermore, the oxidation states of Sm atom in the various fullerene cages are investigated by EELS, which reveals that the Sm atom takes +2 oxidation state in the fullerene cages. A probable rationale for the tendency to have the Sm2+ state is presented based on a simple thermochemical cycle model. (C) 2001 by Elsevier Science Inc.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000168906500014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Biochemical Research MethodsBiochemistry & Molecular BiologyComputer Science, Interdisciplinary ApplicationsCrystallographyMathematical & Computational BiologySCI(E)EI30ARTICLE2244-2511
beta-decay spectroscopy of neutron-rich Sm-160,Sm-161,Sm-162 isotopes
No full textNeutron-rich Sm-160,Sm-161,Sm-162 isotopes have been populated at the RIBF, RIKEN via beta decay for the first time. beta-coincident gamma rays were observed in all three isotopes including gamma rays from the isomeric decay of Sm-160 and Sm-162. The isomers in Sm-160 and Sm-162 have previously been observed but have been populated via beta decay for the first time. The isomeric state in Sm-162 is assigned a 4(-) nu 7/2(+)[633]circle times nu 1/2(-)[521] configuration based on the decay pattern. The level schemes of Sm-160 and Sm-162 are presented. The ground states in the parent nuclei Pm-160 and Pm-162 are both assigned a 6(-) nu 7/2(+)[633]circle times pi 5/2(-)[532] configuration based on the population of states in the daughter nuclei. Blocked BCS calculations were performed to further investigate the spin-parities of the ground states in Pm-160, Pm-161, and Pm-162, and the isomeric state in Sm-162.CPCI-S(ISTP)[email protected]
- …
