1,720,955 research outputs found
Clientelism and corruption in context of low statehood, a mutualistic relationship
No full textEl presente artículo tiene como finalidad indagar el tipo de relación que se establece entre el clientelismo político y la corrupción en contextos de baja estatalidad. La corrupción y el clientelismo son dos fenómenos bien diferenciados con características propias y que, si bien son distinguibles a nivel teórico, a nivel empírico es difícil su distinción. En contextos de baja estatalidad se establece una relación de mutualismo ya que las redes que los componen se superponen, se comunican y se benefician unas con otras. Para cumplir con el objetivo de la investigación, se utilizó una metodología de carácter cualitativo. Para la recolección de la información se realizaron 30 entrevistas en profundidad (9 autoridades municipales, 4 funcionarios municipales, 14 presidentes de organizaciones sociales y comunitarias y 3 proveedores de bienes y servicios al municipio). El contexto en que se realizó la investigación fueron tres municipios de la Región de la Araucanía en Chile que presentan un grado bajo de estatalidad. Las entrevistas fueron analizadas a partir del análisis fenomenológico buscando explicar y describir las relaciones entre clientelismo y corrupción. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos se destaca que existe un tipo de relación que puede llegar a ser muy beneficiosa, es decir mutualista, entre el clientelismo y la corrupción. El artículo pretende ser un aporte empírico a la discusión sobre las relaciones que se establecen entre clientelismo político y corrupción en determinados contextos. Al mismo tiempo, los conceptos de clientelismo político y corrupción son entendidos como un fenómeno social que quebrantan la formalidad de los procesos y, por tanto, no se circunscriben a fenómenos que necesariamente están ligados a la ilegalidad. En otras palabras, son conceptos que se entienden desvinculados de una connotación moral.This article aims to investigate the type of relationship between political clientelism and corruption in contexts of low stateness. The article proposes that both corruption and clientelism are two distinct phenomena with their own characteristics and that although they are distinguishable at the theoretical level, empirical level is difficult to distinguish. In contexts of low statehood a relationship of mutualism is established since the networks that compose them overlap, communicate and benefit each other. In order to meet the research objective, a qualitative methodology was used. Specifically, 30 interviews were carried out in depth (9 municipal authorities, 4 municipal officials, 14 presidents of social and community organizations and 3 suppliers Of goods and services to the municipality). The context in which the investigation was carried out were three municipalities of the Region of the Araucanía in Chile that present a low degree of stateness. The content of the interviews were analyzed from the phenomenological analysis seeking to explain and describe the relations between clientelism and corruption. Among the main results obtained is that there is a type of relationship that can be very beneficial, that is to say, mutualistic, between clientelism and corruption. The article pretends to be an empirical contribution to the discussion about the relations that are established between political clientelism and corruption in certain contexts. At the same time, the concepts of political clientelism and
orruption are understood as a social phenomenon that disrupt the formality of processes and therefore are not confined to phenomena that are necessarily linked to illegality. In other words, they are concepts that are understood as being detached from a moral connotation
Sentido, redes y prácticas. Percepciones de la corrupción en gobiernos locales de la Macrozona Sur (Chile)
Get PDFThis article aims to analyze corruption in municipalities of the Macro-South zone of Chile, identifying the meanings, networks and practices that make it up as a social phenomenon from the perception of a series of local actors. To accomplish this, a qualitative methodology was used. 159 interviews were conducted between 2017 and 2020 with municipal officials, local authorities, experts on corruption issues and actors (interest groups) linked to the municipality. The main results show that corruption is defined heterogeneously by municipal and private actors. In addition, the importance of personal ties and networks, in addition to trust and reciprocity, for the operation of this phenomenon is highlighted.Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la corrupción en municipios de la Macrozona Sur de Chile, identificando el sentido, las redes y prácticas que la configuran como un fenómeno social desde la percepción de una serie de actores locales. Para cumplir con esto se utilizó una metodología cualitativa. Se realizaron 159 entrevistas entre 2017 y 2020 a funcionarios municipales, autoridades locales, expertos en temas de corrupción y stakeholders (grupos de interés) que se vinculan al municipio. Los principales resultados muestran que la corrupción es definida de manera heterogénea por los actores municipales y privados. Además, se resalta la importancia que los vínculos y las redes personales, además de la confianza y la reciprocidad, tienen para el funcionamiento de este fenómeno
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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