41 research outputs found
Prince Teimouraz and his Essays on Georgian Sphragistics and Numismatic History (at the Dawn of national Georgian Numismatic Scholarship)
No full textPrince Barataev (Baratashvili), author of the “Numismatic facts of the Georgian kingdom" (1844), has been considered to be a founder of Georgian
numismatics [numismatic research]. However, despite the indubitable significance of the aforesaid treatise, prince Barataev was not the first scholar to
develop an interest into Georgian numismatic past. He was certainly preceded by M. Brosset. Moreover, there was yet another scientist, of Georgian origin, who
dealt (albeit in a fragmentary way) numismatic aspects of Georgian
history. Our article is focused on the personality and numismatic scholarly
heritage of prince Teimuraz Bagrationi, son of Giorgi XII, the last king of the
united [east-Georgian kingdom of] Kartl-K'akheti (1744-1S01). We studied
the lengthy letters / essays by prince Teimuraz (dated IS32 and 1834, i.e.prior to the publication of prince Barataev’s book) addressed to M Brosset and covering various aspects of Georgian numismatics and sphragistics
Telavi Hoard: new data on the Ottoman coinage minted in the Georgian Kingdom of K'Akheti
No full textRecent discoveries have provided us with new numismatic material elucidating the coin-minting activities in the easternmost Georgian province of K’akheti (mints Zagam and Kākhed). However, so far we had no contemporary monetary complexes / hoards, as opposed to the plethora of single finds, unfortunately deprived from the proper archeological context. Our objective is to discuss and publish one of the rare hoards of the epoch, predominantly comprised of the coins minted there in the name of the Ottoman sultan. The hoard (137.90 g) was discovered back in 2016 in the vicinity of the city of Telavi. It constituted an accumulation of 56 silver coins in total (110.25 g, 79.97% of hoard weight); hacksilver (19.18 g; 13.91%); bronze pendant and a small bead, 0.13 g (3.55 g, 2.57%); gold ring with turquoise (4.89 g; 3.55%) – it constituted up to 35-40% of the hoard’s total value (parallels with contemporary Georgian icon-art art were analyzed). Monetary part of the hoard: 1/56 (1.79%) Muscovy coin (0.32 g, 0.29% of the weight of the monetary part of the hoard); functionally, probably hacksilver; 39/56 (69.64%) Ottoman coins minted / countermarked in K’akheti (77.52 g, 70.31%); 12/56 (21.43%) Ottoman coins of distinguishable type, with no mint (26.76 g, 24.27%); 4/56 (7.14%) unidentified coins (5.65 g, 5.12%). We provide the description of the coin types, incl. two previously unknown ones. The Moscow denga constituted a negligible and probably accidental admixture to the main body of Caucasian/Georgian-Ottoman coins. Only two mint-names were indicated on the coins: Kākhed (11 coins; 22.78 g; 19.64% of the total number of coins, 20.66% of the weight of the monetary part of the hoard), Zagam (28; 54.74 g; 50%, 49.65%). We also made an attempt to establish the weight standard of the coins represented in the hoard. The host coins with Zagam c/m pertained to the same, or similar weight standard. All the coins were the Ottoman dirhams of 1.80-2.80 g, of declining weight-standard. We tentatively dated the hoard with the early 1600s. This was a short-term accumulation hoard (a momentary snapshot of the local contemporary monetary circulation). The historical significance of the Telavi hoard is multifaceted: The nonmonetary items may be helpful for studying the history of Georgian art and craftsmanship; we obtained additional factual evidence for the contemporary numismatic history (incl. the discovery of new types and new data for the metrology analysis, insight into contemporary monetary circulation and coin-minting activities). The very fact of the Ottoman type coinage minted in Georgia/K’akheti constitutes an extremely remarkable historical evidence, and its significance exceeds the relative limitedness of “pure” numismatics
The first Arabic coinage of Georgian monarchs: rediscovering the Specie of Davit IV the Builder (1089-1125), King of Kings and Sword of Messiah
No full textWe discovered, presented and reviewed seven completely new specimens of the
coin type issued by a certain Davit, King of Kings and Sword of Messiah, and
represented by a unique piece before.
The study of this coinage is far from being complete due to the poor state of
preservation of the extant specimens, particularly of their margins (future
discoveries of the bigger pieces may shed more light upon this issue). However,
the reexamination and reconsideration of the central legends led to their
alternative reconstruction, providing valuable data and indicating that Davit
V, son of Dimitri (I) minted no coinage (or that none survived), and the coin
type previously attributed to this Georgian King was in effect issued by Davit IV
the Builder, son of Giorgi (II); most probably, despite some discrepancies, it
constituted the currency described, albeit somewhat imprecisely, by Al-F!riq".
The incessant, as it was thought earlier, 12th-13th c. emissions of the Georgian
monarchs now are interrupted at the short reign of Davit V; however, on the
other hand, the numismatic legacy of Davit IV reign was enriched by a very
noteworthy coin type, providing very valuable information for the research of
the numismatic, and, more generally, political, economical and cultural history
of Georgia and the whole region in that epoch
Sirma Tetri - Georgian National Silver Currency
No full textSirma Tetri - Georgian National Silver Currency</p
A “Best Selling” British Author who wrote About Great Renaissant - De Rada and Albanians
No full textRarely authors of global reputation have written about Albania and well-known personalities of our culture and rarely they have remained or still remain in the darkness of anonymity for the general public and Albanian researchers. For this reason, insight, finding, lighting and display of writings, works and creations, yet unknown, of historians, linguists, ethnographers, writers, and foreign journalists, contributors with unrepeateable values for Albania, the Albanians and the history of our nation, remain an obligation, both scientific and noble. Finding the works and “unknown” authors is a homage in respect of the contributions they given for us, publication of their works would unfold in global dimensions the values that our nation has kept and conveyed, would enrich the funds of Albanian archives and along with it, the research bibliographies for a deeper image of our heritage. Definitely in this article it is evoked the image and work of a British author, Norman Dagllas, who until now remains unknown not only for the Albanian public, but also for the circles of our researchers. In the framework of a series of extensively well-known publications in its time, his most interesting, culminating and reputable republished work remains, “Old Calabria”. In the center of this work, which has seen the light of re-publication over 20 times and has been translated into most languages of the world, is our great poet of National Renaissance, Jeronim De Rada. And yet, strangely, it is still unknown and translated or published in Albanian.Keywords: novel, literature, poem, folklor, church
A “Best Selling” British Author Who Wrote About Great Renaissant - De Rada and Albanians
No full textRarely authors of global reputation have written about Albania and well-known personalities of our culture and rarely they have remained or still remain in the darkness of anonymity for the general public and Albanian researchers. For this reason, insight, finding, lighting and display of writings, works and creations, yet unknown, of historians, linguists, ethnographers, writers, and foreign journalists, contributors with unrepeateable values for Albania, the Albanians and the history of our nation, remain an obligation, both scientific and noble. Finding the works and “unknown” authors is a homage in respect of the contributions they given for us, publication of their works would unfold in global dimensions the values that our nation has kept and conveyed, would enrich the funds of Albanian archives and along with it, the research bibliographies for a deeper image of our heritage. Definitely in this article it is evoked the image and work of a British author, Norman Dagllas, who until now remains unknown not only for the Albanian public, but also for the circles of our researchers. In the framework of a series of extensively well-known publications in its time, his most interesting, culminating and reputable republished work remains, “Old Calabria”. In the center of this work, which has seen the light of re-publication over 20 times and has been translated into most languages of the world, is our great poet of National Renaissance, Jeronim De Rada. And yet, strangely, it is still unknown and translated or published in Albanian
ძალადობრივი სამოხელეო დანაშაულის გამომწვევი ფაქტორები და მათი გამოძიებისას დასადგენი ძირითადი გარემოებები
No full textThe Author of the article identifies the causal factors of official misconduct committed by abuse of office and classifies it into ten categories. According to the author, for the effective investigation of criminal cases concerning the official misconduct, first of all, it is vital to accurately prepare strategies and tactics of an investigative plan, outline the factual circumstances, which later will become the subject of proof. Based on the analyzes regarding specifics of official misconduct, the author offers five conditional criteria. These criteria must be determined and examined in each investigation process of official misconduct, promoting to resolve criminal cases, as well as, to obtain and preserve the evidence in accordance with the established procedures
ცილისწამების სისხლის სამართლის წესით დასჯადობის მიზანშეწონილობა
No full textThe present article discusses legal nature of defamation, directed against honor, dignity and reputation of a human being. In accordance with the analysis explored by the author, defamation has nothing in common with high values of freedom of speech and expression. Therefore, making this action punishable by law or making penalties more stringent will not have any negative effect on the development of democracy. Based on the analysis of the legislation of 12 European Countries, the author suggests that amendment of the Law of Georgia on “Freedom of Speech and Expression” is necessary in terms of severing the existing sanctions for defamation; furthermore, the failure to execute the court judgment must also be punishable by the Criminal Code. As a conclusion, the author provides certain relevant recommendations on the possible changes in the legislation with this regard
On the de Rham–Witt Complex over Perfectoid Rings
No full textAcknowledgments The 1st author is very grateful to Lars Hesselholt, who introduced and explained many aspects of this project to him. (The project began around 2014 when the 1st author was a postdoc of Lars Hesselholt at the University of Copenhagen.) The 1st author would also like to especially thank Bhargav Bhatt for assistance at many different points, especially during a visit to the University of Michigan. Furthermore, both authors thank Johannes Anschütz, Bryden Cais, Dustin Clausen, Elden Elmanto, Kiran Kedlaya, Arthur-César Le Bras, Thomas Nikolaus, Peter Scholze, and David Zureick-Brown for useful conversations regarding this paper. The authors also thank the anonymous referee of an earlier version of this paper; the referee provided careful feedback and many suggestions for improvement, especially in Section 7. Both authors thank the Department of Mathematical Sciences of the University of Copenhagen for its hospitality and pleasant working environment.Peer reviewe
ადამიანის უფლებათა საყოველთაო დეკლარაციის როლი და მნიშვნელობა ეროვნულ და საერთაშორისო სამართალში
No full textIn 2018 the world celebrated the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the landmark international document in which the UN Member States agreed and solemnly proclaimed fundamental human rights and freedoms as a “standard to which all nations and states should strive to achieve”. The most debatable and ambiguous issue is the determination of legal status of the Declaration. Considering the fact that this document was adopted by the UN General Assembly in a form of the resolution, it has a recommendatory character. However, over time the Declaration has undergone certain legal transformation regarding the permanent development and refinement in the process of concluding of legally binding international human rights treaties that affected both domestic and international law. Taking into account the moral significance of the Declaration, as well as its the substantial contribution in the adoption of international and regional human rights treaties, national legislation and judicial practice, the author of the present article comes to the conclusion that the Declaration should be recognized as a document including norms of the customary international law. The author also concludes that in modern world, when a number of states have not still ratified the main international human rights treaties, the provisions of the Universal Declaration should be conceived for them as binding norms of customary international law. Such outcomes are established on the basis of the national judicial practice of sovereign states and the practice of the International Court of Justice that are analyzed in the present article
