86 research outputs found
Pedulla_online_supplement – Supplemental material for Race and Networks in the Job Search Process
No full textSupplemental material, Pedulla_online_supplement for Race and Networks in the Job Search Process by David S. Pedulla and Devah Pager in American Sociological Review</p
African Americans respond to labor market discrimination bysearching more widely for jobs, which in turn hurts their wages.
No full textHow do women and minorities respond to discrimination in hiring? In new research, Devah Pager & David S. Pedulla find that African Americas search more broadly for jobs because of their experience of racial discrimination, while women search more narrowly because of the often highly segregated nature of occupations by gender. They write that African Americans’ broader job search strategies are often associated with lower wages and poorer career trajectories, and that women’s narrower job search helps reinforce existing patterns of gendered labor market inequality
Discrimination in a Low-Wage Labor Market: A Field Experiment
No full textDecades of racial progress have led some researchers and policymakers to doubt that discrimination remains an important cause of economic inequality. To study contemporary discrimination we conducted a field experiment in the low-wage labor market of New York City. The experiment recruited white, black, and Latino job applicants, called testers, who were matched on demographic characteristics and interpersonal skills. The testers were given equivalent resumes and sent to apply in tandem for hundreds of entry-level jobs. Our results show that black applicants were half as likely to receive a callback or job offer relative to equally qualified whites. In fact, black and Latino applicants with clean backgrounds fared no better than a white applicant just released from prison. Additional qualitative evidence from our testers' experiences further illustrates the multiple points at which employment trajectories can be deflected by various forms of racial bias. Together these results point to the subtle but systematic forms of discrimination that continue to shape employment opportunities for low-wage workers.race, field experiment, discrimination, labor markets
Race, Self-Selection, and the Job Search Process
No full textWhile existing research has documented persistent barriers facing African-American job seekers, far less research has questioned how job seekers respond to this reality. Do minorities self-select into particular segments of the labor market to avoid discrimination? Such questions
have remained unanswered due to the lack of data available on the positions to which job seekers apply. Drawing on two original data sets with application-specific information,we find little evidence that blacks target or avoid particular job types. Rather, blacks cast a wider net in their search than similarly situated whites, including a greater range of occupational categories and characteristics in their pool of job applications.Additionally, we show that perceptions of discrimination are associated with increased search breadth, suggesting that broad search among African-Americans represents an adaptation to labor market discrimination. Together these findings provide novel evidence on the role of race and self-selection in the job search process.SociologyVersion of Recor
Medir a discriminação Measuring discrimination
No full textOs debates a respeito da relevância contemporânea da discriminação são obscurecidos pela ausência de técnicas rigorosas de mensuração. Como separar os efeitos gerados pela raça das várias outras fontes de desigualdade social? O artigo examina as abordagens normalmente empregadas para medir a discriminação, como estudos de percepção, levantamentos de atitudes, análises estatísticas, experimentos de laboratório e de campo. As várias abordagens são resumidas e o alcance e a limitação de cada uma delas são avaliados. Embora nenhum método de pesquisa seja isento de falhas, a análise cuidadosa dos métodos disponíveis ajuda a estabelecer a correspondência entre o problema da pesquisa e a estratégia empírica adequada.Debates about the contemporary relevance of discrimination have been clouded by a lack of rigorous measurement techniques. How can we disentangle the effects of race from the many other sources of social inequality? What are the obstacles to developing reliable measures of racial discrimination? This article addresses the state-of-the-art approaches to measuring discrimination, including studies of perceptions, attitude surveys, statistical analyses, laboratory and field experiments, and provides a brief overview of the varying approaches, examining their unique strengths and limitations. While no research method is without flaws, careful consideration of the range of methods available helps to match one's research question with the appropriate empirical strategy
Racial Disparities in Job Finding and Offered Wages
No full textThe extent to which discrimination can explain racial wage gaps is one of the most divisive subjects in the social sciences. Using a newly available dataset, this paper develops a simple empirical test which, under plausible conditions, provides a lower bound on the extent of discrimination in the labor market. Taken at face value, our estimates imply that differential treatment accounts for at least one third of the black-white wage gap. We argue that the patterns in our data are consistent with a search-matching model in which employers statistically discriminate on the basis of race when hiring unemployed workers, but learn about their marginal product over time. However, we cannot rule out other forms of discrimination.
Consequences of a Criminal Record for Employment Opportunity in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 2002
No full textBehind Bars: An Analysis of the Violent Culture Produced in the United States Prison System
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