1,721,107 research outputs found
Platelet accumulation induced by bacterial endotoxin in rats.
No full textAbstract: We studied the effects of i.v. administration of endotoxin (Escherichia coli, Serotype 0127:B8) on the kinetics of In-111-labelled platelets within the pulmonary, abdominal and splenic vascular beds of the rat, and on the radioactivity present in dissected samples of splenic and hepatic tissues. Bolus i.v. injection of endotoxin to anaesthetised rats caused a dose-dependent, transient accumulation of In-111-labelled platelets in the pulmonary vasculature Increased radioactivity, suggestive of platelet sequestration, was detected in tissue samples from both the spleen and the liver at 4 5 h compared to the radioactivity detected in those organs in vehicle treated rats. The modulation of endotoxin-induced platelet accumulation within the lungs, spleen and liver by pharmacological agents was investigated. The pulmonary, hepatic and splenic platelet accumulation induced by endotoxin was unaffected by pre-treatment of the animals with indomethacin, Hirulog(TM) or L-NAME. Pre-treatment with dexamethasone significantly reduced the platelet accumulation within the liver and spleen, but not the lungs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
A study on rat platelet responsiveness following intravenous endotoxin administration.
No full textThe aim of the present study was to evaluate platelet responsiveness in rats following E.coli endotoxin administration. Injection of E.coli to rats caused a reduction in ADP-induced pulmonary 111In labelled platelet accumulation four hours later. Similarly, when platelet aggregation was evaluated on PRP obtained from rats four hours after endotoxin administration, we found that platelet response to both ADP and collagen was significantly reduced. When platelets obtained from endotoxemic rats were suspended in normal plasma, the aggregating response to ADP and collagen was not different from that obtained with control platelets. Similarly, platelets from control rats suspended in plasma from endotoxemic rats showed hyporesponsiveness to ADP and collagen. There was no difference in the aggregatory response to collagen or to thrombin of washed platelet suspension (WPS) obtained from endotoxemic and normal rats. In conclusion, by using an in vivo minimally invasive technique and an ex vivo platelet aggregation test we demonstrate that during endotoxemia platelet are functionally unaltered and the platelet hyporesponsiveness is only observed in presence of plasma
Doxofylline: Advancing and Empowering Equitable Asthma and COPD Management Beyond Tradition
No full textDoxofylline, a newer methylxanthine derivative, has garnered increasing attention for its distinct pharmacological properties and therapeutic advantages over traditional agents such as theophylline. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the pharmacological characteristics and clinical efficacy of doxofylline, elucidating why it represents a significant advancement in methylxanthine therapy. Moreover, attention is given to the economic considerations surrounding its utilization, particularly in low- and medium-income countries where access to healthcare resources is limited. The affordability, improved tolerability, and dosing convenience of doxofylline make it a promising candidate for addressing the substantial burden of asthma and COPD in resource-constrained settings
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