1,721,105 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Die QDAcity-RE-RS Methode zur Erstellung von vollständigen, konsistenten und nachvollziehbaren Anforderungsspezifikationen
Get PDFResolving issues that arise in a software project becomes more expensive as the project advances.
Hence, it is crucial for a requirements engineer to develop a complete, consistent, and traceable
Requirements Specification (RS). To create such a high-quality RS, the requirements engineer must
develop a deep understanding of the problem domain. In science, researchers face a similar challenge
when building theories. Constructing a theory requires considering all related resources to capture
a broad diversity of characteristics. In addition, researchers must document the theory-building
process to demonstrate high quality and ensure traceability for other researchers who want to build
on the theory. Therefore, researchers developed methods for theory building, from which we draw
inspiration for our research.
In this dissertation, we present the development and evaluation of the tool-supported QDAcity-
RE-RS method, which utilizes Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA). Thus this method supports the
analysis of stakeholder information, such as interview transcripts to create natural language RS.
We followed the design science process proposed by Peffers et al. [139], which focuses on developing
and evaluating an innovative artifact to solve a clearly defined problem. To identify the problem,
we performed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and conducted an exploratory qualitative
survey with 14 Requirements Engineering (RE) experts from the industry. Based on the findings,
we developed the QDAcity-RE-RS method and implemented its tool-support. To demonstrate the
method, we conducted a case study and triangulated it using a focus group session with 38 RE experts
from the industry. Subsequently, we evaluated the artifact by using two approaches. Firstly,
we evaluated the tool-support using a heuristic evaluation, which uncovered five usability issues and
nine additional improvements. Secondly, we evaluated the QDAcity-RE-RS method by performing
an evaluatory case study in an industry project. This study reveals that the method supports various
activities within the RE process, such as documenting decisions and preparing stakeholder meetings.
The RS resulting from the QDAcity-RE-RS method was complete concerning the analyzed
stakeholder information but lacked requirements on topics that were not explicitly discussed, such
as requirements for the backend. Notably, the RS demonstrated a strong suit in maintaining consistent
usage of technical terms, whereas the requirements in the industry project exhibited numerous
variations of technical terminology. The pre-Requirements Specification Traceability (RST) of the
requirements to their origin and thus to decisions was found to be very helpful by the requirements
engineer of the industry project, as it facilitates the transfer of information to other requirements
engineers.
The resulting tool-supported QDAcity-RE-RS method facilitates the creation of a natural language
RS, enables the documentation of the creation process, and thereby realizes pre-RST. By
linking requirements to their origin, the method allows for assessing completeness and identifying
inconsistencies.Das Lösen von Problemen in einem Softwareprojekt wird teurer, um so fortgeschrittener das Projekt
ist. Daher sollte ein Anforderungsingenieur bereits zu Beginn eines Projektes eine möglichst
vollständige, konsistente und nachvollziehbare Anforderungsspezifikation erstellen. Dafür ist es
nötig, ein tiefes Verständnis für die Domaine des Nutzers zu entwickeln. In der Wissenschaft stehen
Forscher vor einer ähnlichen Herausforderung, wenn es um die Entwicklung einer Theorie geht. Es
müssen alle relevanten Ressourcen berücksichtigt werden, um eine breite Vielfalt von Merkmalen
zu erfassen. Darüber muss der Prozess des Theoriebildung dokumentiert werden, um eine hohe
Qualität nachzuweisen und die Nachvollziehbarkeit für andere Forscher zu gewährleisten, die auf
der Theorie aufbauen möchten. Aus diesem Grund haben Forscher Methoden für die Theoriebildung
entwickelt und im Laufe der Zeit verbessert, aus denen wir für unsere Forschung Inspiration
schöpfen.
In dieser Dissertation präsentieren wir die Entwicklung und Evaluation der softwareunterstützten
QDAcity-RE-RS-Methode, welche die Praktiken der etablierten qualitativen Datenanalyse
(QDA) nutzt. Diese Methode unterstützt den Nutzer bei der Analyse von Stakeholder-Informationen,
wie beispielsweise Interviewtranskripte, um eine natürlichsprachliche Anforderungsspezifikation zu
erstellen.
Für die Forschung folgten wir dem iterativen Design Science Prozess, beschrieben von Peffers et
al. [139]. Dieser Prozess fokussiert die Forschung auf die Entwicklung und Evaluation eines innovativen
Artefakts zur Lösung eines klar definierten Problems. Um das Problem zu identifizieren,
analysierten wir die wissenschaftliche Literatur und führten eine explorative qualitative Umfrage
unter 14 RE Experten aus der Industrie durch. Basierend auf den Erkenntnissen entwickelten wir
die QDAcity-RE-RS Methode inklusive einer entsprechenden Softwareunterstützung. Um die
Wirksamkeit der Methode zu demonstrieren, führten wir eine Fallstudie durch und triangulierten
sie mit einer Fokusgruppensitzung mit 38 Anforderungsingenieuren aus der Industrie. Für die Evaluation
der softwareunterstützten Methode nutzten wir zwei Ansätze. Als erstes evaluierten wir
die Softwareunterstützung mithilfe einer heuristischen Evaluation. Als Resultat identifizieten wir
fünf Usability-Probleme und neun zusätzliche Verbesserungsvorschläge. Als zweites, evaluierten
wir die QDAcity-RE-RS-Methode anhand einer evaluierenden Fallstudie in einem Industrieprojekt.
Diese Fallstudie zeigt, dass die Methode verschiedene Aktivitäten im RE-Prozess unterstützt,
wie beispielsweise die Dokumentation von Entscheidungen und die Vorbereitung von Nutzertests.
Die aus der QDAcity-RE-RS-Methode resultierende Anforderungsspezifikation war hinsichtlich
der analysierten Stakeholder-Informationen vollständig, enthielt jedoch keine Anforderungen zu
Themen, die nicht explizit diskutiert wurden, wie beispielsweise Backend-Anforderungen. Auffällig
war, dass die Anforderungsspezifikation eine hohe Konsistenz bei der Verwendung technischer Begriffe
aufwies, während die Anforderungen im Industrieprojekt zahlreiche Variationen technischer
Terminologie aufwiesen. Die Rückverfolgbarkeit der Anforderungen zu ihrem Ursprung inklusive
vorangegangener Entscheidungen wurde vom Anforderungsingenieur des Industrieprojekts als sehr hilfreich bewertet, da sie den Informationsaustausch mit anderen Anforderungsingenieuren
erleichtert.
Die resultierende, software-unterstützte QDAcity-RE-RS-Methode erleichtert die Erstellung
einer natürlichsprachlichen RS, ermöglicht die Dokumentation des Erstellungsprozesses und realisiert
damit Nachvollziehbarkeit (pre-RST). Durch die Verknüpfung von Anforderungen zu ihrem
Ursprung ermöglicht die Methode die Bewertung der Vollständigkeit und die Identifizierung von
Inkonsistenzen
Automated analysis of software artefacts - a use case in e-assessment
No full textAutomated grading and feedback generation for programming and modeling exercises has become a usual means of supporting teachers and students at universities and schools. Tools used in this context engage general software engineering techniques for the analysis of software artefacts. Experiences with the current state-of-the-art show good results, but also a gap between the potential power of such techniques and the actual power used in current e-assessment systems. This thesis contributes to closing this gap by developing and testing approaches that are more universal than the currently used approaches and provide novel means of feedback generation. It can be shown that these approaches can be used effectively and efficiently for the mass validation of exercises, and that they result in a high feedback quality according to students' perception
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