1,721,005 research outputs found
La politique de développement rapide discrètement mise en veilleuse
No full textPu Gong, Santandreu David. La politique de développement rapide discrètement mise en veilleuse. In: Perspectives chinoises, n°21, 1994. pp. 6-8
Pharmacognostical Studies on the Chinese Crude Drug “Pu gong ying” (2)1) -The Plant Origin of “Pu gong ying” from Taiwan (II)2)
Full text linkIn China the crude drug “Pa gong ying (蒲公英)” is mainly derived from Taraxacum spp. (Compositae), while in Taiwan, the whole plant of Ixeris chinensis (THUNB.) NAKAI (Compositae) is called by the same name. However, “Pu gong ying” obtained in Kaohsiung (高雄), in southern Taiwan, consisted only of stems and roots larger than those of Ixeris spp. Its external appearances and sectional views suggested that the botanical origin of “Pu gong ying” from Kaohsiung is a Lactuca plant (Compositae). A comparative anatomical study of the stems and roots of Lactuca indica L., L. formosana MAXIM., L. sororia MIQ. clearly showed that the original plant of Kaohsiung “Pu gong ying” was Lactuca indica.前報1)で述べたごとく, 台湾では一般にキク科のIxeris chinensis(THUNB. )NAKAIとI.laevigata(BL)SCH.BIP ex MAXIM. var. oldhami(MAXIM.)KITAMURAの全草を「蒲公英」と称して用いている. 一方, 謝3)は台湾省や福建省ではキク科のLactuca indica L. が「蒲公英」と混称され, 華東沿海地区, 江西省, 華南華中の一部地区でも, それぞれL.indica L. subsp. laciniata(HOUTT. )STEBB., L.sororia MIQ., L.formosana MAXIM. などのLactuca属植物が「蒲公英」の異物同名品として出回っていると記しているが, これらについてはいまだ確証はない. ところで, 今回(1985年)われわれが台湾南部の高雄市場で入手した「蒲公英」は茎と根のみからなる商品で外部形態的にIxeris属のものとは明らかに異なり, その外形, 大きさ, 色, 断面の状態などからIxeris属に近縁でやや大型のLactuca属植物に由来するものと思われた. そこでこのものの基源を明らかにする目的で,台湾に生育するLactuca属植物3種4)についてその茎および根を比較組織学的に検討した.journal articl
Pharmacognostical Studies on the Chinese Crude Drug "Pu gong ying" (1): The Plant Origin of "Pu gong ying" from Taiwan (I)
Full text link「蒲公英」は『新修本草』2)に「蒲公草」の名で初収載された漢薬で, 古来婦人の乳癌廱腫, 悪腫, 結核, 小便不利, 慢性胃炎, 胃潰瘍, 消化不良, 淋巴腺炎, 目赤腫痛, 肝炎, 胆のう炎, 尿路感染, 乳汁不通などの治療2,3)に用いられてきた. その本草正品は一般にキク科(Compositae)のタンポポ属Taraxacumspp.植物であるとされ, 『中薬志』4), 『中薬大辞典』5)などにも, その原植物として同属植物が記載されている. ところで台湾では現在, 「蒲公英」は民間的に肝炎, 肺炎, 肺蓄膿, 肺膜炎(肺蓄水)などの治療に用いられている6,7). 台湾産「蒲公英」の基源に関して那ら8)は「台湾中薬市場, 一向未進口蒲公英, 概用本地所産者, 惟考台湾植物学文献, 台産之真正蒲公英, 祇有Taraxacum formosanum KITAMURA 一種; 経著者之一甘偉松, 調査中薬市場所用之蒲公英, 均為同科之Lactuca chinensis MAKINO〔=Ixeris chinensis(THUNB. )NAKAI〕之全草, 而真正之Taraxacum幾未見利用」と記し, さらにTaraxacum formosanumとIxeris chinensisの2種について比較組織学的に検討している9). The Chinese crude drug “Pu gong ying (蒲公英)” was first recorded in “Xin xiu ben cao (新修本草)” in A. D. 657, and has been used for women's mammary tumors, hepatitis, stomach troubles, etc. According to Na et al., “Pu gong ying” derived from the whole plant of Ixeris chinensis (THUNB.) NAKAI of the Compositae family has been generally used in Taiwan. From Puli (埔里) market, in central Taiwan, recently we obtained a sample of “Pu gong ying.” Although it seemed to have been derived from Ixeris plant, its thick leaf, the rough surfaces of its stem and leaf, and also its anatomical characteristics suggested that it had not been derived from I. chinensis. So, in order to determine its botanical origin, a comparative anatomical study was carried out on Ixeris plants and “Py gong ying” from Taiwan, which clearly showed that Puli “Pu gong ying” had been derived from the whole plant of I. laevigata (BL.) SCH.-BIP. ex MAXIM. var. oldhami (MAXIM.) KITAMURA.journal articl
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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