305,513 research outputs found
Perancangan museum Memorabilia Prinsen Park di thr Lokasari
No full textPrinsen Park adalah sebuah pusat hiburan yang pernah dimiliki oleh Kota Jakarta dengan fasilitas lengkap untuk memanjakan pengunjung. Prinsen Park menjadi populer karena penampilan oleh sebuah kelompok komedi pada tahun 1894, namun pada tahun 1970-an popularitasnya semakin menurun hingga mengalami peremajaan dan namanya pun berubah menjadi Tempat Hiburan Rakyat Lokasari (THR Lokasari). Pada tahun 1990, tempat ini akhirnya berubah fungsi menjadi kawasan hiburan malam. Tujuan tugas akhir ini adalah untuk membangkitkan kembali memori kolektif tentang kawasan bersejarah ex Prinsen Park dengan memasukkan program – program yang disesuaikan dengan masa kini agar bangunan yang dirancang dan kawasan itu sendiri dapat menjadi salah satu tempat wisata pilihan masyarakat di Jakarta. Tugas akhir ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan akupunktur kota dan metode desain narasi untuk menceritakan kembali kenangan masa lalu berdasarkan pengalaman manusia yang berperan sebagai pengunjung. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, serta dengan perbandingan fungsi kawasan di masa lalu, masa kini dan gaya hidup zaman sekarang, maka diusulkan desain museum memorabilia yang terletak di bagian depan kawasan agar dapat menjadi bangunan utama serta merupakan ciri khas kawasan THR Lokasari. Massa bangunan mengambil bentuk dasar dari gerbang utama Prinsen Park pada zaman dahulu yang memiliki gaya arsitektur art deco, dengan tujuan untuk memberi kesan yang kuat sejak pertama kali pengunjung datang. Selain itu, usulan desain ulang penataan kawasan secara keseluruhan juga dibuat agar dapat memenuhi 8 elemen tata kota yang baik dan melengkapi bangunan utama
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Due nuovi parassiti del girasole in Italia: Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prinsen Geerligs e Orobanche ramosa L.
No full textPer la prima volta in Italia si segnala la presenza di due nuovi parassiti del girasole (Helianthus annuus L.): Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prinsen Geerligs and Orobanche ramosa L. La loro diffusione sembra per ora limitata solo ad alcune zone dell'Italia centrale e l'intensità degli attacchi è tale da non destare eccessive preoccupazioni
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
CNV DETECTION AND ASSOCIATION STUDIES IN THE BROWN SWISS CATTLE BREED
No full textSintesi – Italiano
Gli scopi, i materiali, i metodi usati, i risultati e le conclusioni dei tre studi sono organizzati in tre capitoli. La sintesi generale dei tre studi e quindi divisa in base a questi tre capitoli.
Capitolo 1
La determinazione dei “copy number variants” (CNV) è fondamentale per la valutazione dei tratti genomici in diverse specie in quanto rappresentano una fonte principale della variabilità genetica, influenzando l’espressione genica, la variabilità fenotipica, la adattabilità e la predisposizione all’insorgenza di malattie. Lo scopo di questo studio è stato quello di ottenere una mappa genomica di CNV utilizzando i dati ottenuti dall’Illumina Bovine SNP50 BeadChip di 651 tori di razza Bruna Italiana. Per l’identificazione dei CNV e delle regioni CNV (CNVR) sono stati usati i software PennCNV e SVS7 (Golden Helix).
Sono stati identificati un totale di 5,099 e 1,289 CNVs con i software PennCNV ed SVS7 rispettivamente. Questi CNV sono stati raggruppati a livello di popolazione in 1,101 (220 delezioni, 774 duplicazioni e 107 complex) e 277 (185 delezioni, 56 duplicazioni e 36 complex) CNVR. Dieci dei CNVR selezionati sono stati validati sperimentalmente attraverso qPCR. La GO e la pathway analysis effettuate hanno identificato i geni (corretti per la false discovery rate) localizzati nelle CNVR e correlati a diversi processi biologici, componenti cellulari, funzioni metaboliche e vie metaboliche. Tra questi, sono stati identificati i geni FCGR2B, PPARalpha, KATNAL1, DNAJC15, PTK2, TG, STAT family, NPM1, GATA2, LMF1 e ECHS1, già noti in letteratura, per la loro associazione con diversi caratteri quantitativi nei bovinia. Sebbene ci sia una variabilità nell’identificazione dei CNVR attraverso l’utilizzo di diversi metodi e piattaforme, questo studio ha permesso l’identificazione dei CNVR nella Bruna Italiana, sovrapponendo quelli già identificati in altre razze e identificandone dei nuovi, producendo quindi nuove conoscenze per gli studi di associazione con caratteri quantitativi di interesse nei bovini.
Capitolo 2
Scoprire variazioni genetiche come i Copy Number Variants (CNVs) nei bovini, fornisce l’opportinità di studiare la loro associazione con caratteri quantitativi. I CNVs sono sequenze di DNA di lunghezza 50 bp fino a diverse Mb, che possono variare in numero di copie rispetto ad un genoma di riferimento. Lo scopo di questo studio è stato quello di identificare i CNVs in 1,410 campioni di razza Bruna Svizzera usando informazioni derivanti dall’ Illumina Bovine HD SNP chip, che include 777,962 SNPs. Dopo uno stringente controllo di qualità, i CNVs sono stati identificati con i software Golden Helix SVS 8.3.1 (SVS) e PennCNV e sono stati raggruppati in regioni CNV (CNVRs) a livello di popolazione (i.e. CNVs sovrapposti) utilizzando il software BEDTools. I CNVR comuni ai due software sono stati definiti come regioni consensus. I geni all’interno delle CNVR consensus sono stati annotati con un’analisi GO utilizzando DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.7. Per poter validare i risultati, sono state eseguite PCR quantitative su 15 CNVR selezionate.
Con il software SVS sono stati identificati 25,030 CNVs successivamente raggruppati in 398 CNVR, che comprendevano 30 duplicazioni, 344 delezioni e 24 complex CNVR (che contenevano sia duplicazioni che delezioni) coprendo il 3.92% del genoma bovino. Il software PennCNV ha identificato 62,341 CNV, corrispondenti a 5,578 CNVRs che comprendevano 2,638 duplicazioni, 2,404 delezioni e 537 complex CNVR, coprendo il 7.68% del genoma bovino. La lunghezza di queste CNVR variava da 1,244 bp a 1,381,355 bp. Sono state trovate 563 CNVR consensus che coprivano il 2.29% del UMD 3.1 bovine genome assembly. Di queste, 24 erano duplicazioni, 300 erano delezioni e 239 erano CNVR complex. Un totale di 775 official gene IDs sono stati annotati nelle CNVR consensus. Tra i 537 geni con informazioni funzionali, la GO e la pathway analysis è stata riportata per quelli che clusterizzavano con un p-value < 0.05. Le PCR quantitative hanno validato con successo 14 delle 15 CNVR selezionate.
Il risultato di questo studio è una prima analisi genomica integrale della razza Bruna Svizzera basata sull’Illumina Bovine HD SNP chip su un numero cosi grande di animali che arricchisce la mappa CNV nel genoma bovino. I risultati forniscono inoltre informazioni preziose per successivi studi sui CNV. Infine, i risultati della mappa CNVR sono informativi per i caratteri funzionali, produttivi e sanitari considerati nei programmi di selezione nella razza Bruna Svizzera.
Capitolo 3
I Copy Number Variations (CNV) possono essere usati negli studi di associazione per rivelare la base genetica della variazione fenotipica di caratteri quantitativi. I CNV sono sequenze di DNA di 50 bp fino a qualche Mb, che possono variare in numero di copie rispetto ad un genoma di riferimento. Fino ad oggi, nessuno studio di associazione genome-wide (GWAS) con i CNV e caratteri quantitavivi è stato descritto in una popolazione cosi ampia (cioè di 1,116 campioni) della razza bovina Bruna Svizzera. Lo scopo di questo studio era quello di eseguire delle GWAS utilizzando i CNV precedentemente mappati, con caratteri funzionali, produttivi e sanitari al fine di valutare il loro impatto sull’allevamento e sulla selezione. Gli studi di associazione con i CNV sono stati effettuati con il software Golden Helix SVS 8.4.4 utilizzando un correlation-trend test model. I geni all’interno dei CNV significativamente associati per ogni carattere sono stati annotati con un’analisi GO usando DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.7. Sono stati identificati 56 CNV significativamente associati con uno o più degli otto caratteri valutati. I segnali di associazione più forti erano dati da tre CNV sul cromosoma 12 per il carattere grasso. I CNV associati si sovrappongono con 23 geni diversi, annotati sul Bos taurus genome assembly (UMD3.1).Abstract – English
The aims, material and methods, results and conclusions of the three studies are organized in three different chapters. The general abstract is therefore divided according to these chapters.
Chapter 1
The determination of copy number variation (CNV) is very important for the evaluation of genomic traits in several species because they are a major source for the genetic variation, influencing gene expression, phenotypic variation, adaptation and the development of diseases. The aim of this study was to obtain a CNV genome map using the Illumina Bovine SNP50 BeadChip data of 651 bulls of the Italian Brown Swiss breed. PennCNV and SVS7 (Golden Helix) software were used for the detection of the CNVs and Copy Number Variation Regions (CNVRs). A total of 5,099 and 1,289 CNVs were identified with PennCNV and SVS7 software, respectively. These were grouped at the population level into 1101 (220losses, 774 gains, 107 complex) and 277 (185losses, 56 gains and 36 complex) CNVRs. Ten of the selected CNVRs were experimentally validated with a qPCR experiment. The GO and pathway analyses were conducted and they identified genes (false discovery rate corrected) in the CNVR related to biological processes, cellular component, molecular function and metabolic pathways. Among those, we found the FCGR2B, PPARalpha, KATNAL1, DNAJC15, PTK2, TG, STAT family, NPM1, GATA2, LMF1, ECHS1 genes, already known in literature because of their association with various traits in cattle. Although there is variability in the CNVRs detection across methods and platforms, this study allowed the identification of CNVRs in Italian Brown Swiss, overlapping those already detected in other breeds and finding additional ones, thus producing new knowledge for association studies with traits of interest in cattle.
Chapter 2
Detecting genetic variation such as Copy Number Variants (CNVs) in cattle provides the opportunity to study their association with quantitative traits. CNVs are DNA sequences of 50 bp up to several Mb long, which can vary in copy number in comparison with a reference genome. The aim of this study was to investigate CNVs in 1,410 samples of the Brown Swiss cattle breed using Illumina Bovine HD SNP chip information, which includes 777,962 SNPs. After stringent quality control, CNVs were called with the Golden Helix SVS 8.3.1 (SVS) and PennCNV software and were summarized to CNV regions (CNVRs) at a population level (i.e. overlapping CNVs), using BEDTools. Additionally, common CNVRs between the two software were set as consensus regions. Genes within consensus CNVRs were annotated with a GO analysis using the DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.7. In order to validate these results, quantitative PCRs were executed on 15 selected CNVRs.
The SVS software identified 25,030 CNVs summarized to 398 CNVRs, which comprised 30 gains, 344 losses and 24 complex CNVRs (i.e. containing both losses and gains), covering 3.92% of the bovine genome. The PennCNV software identified 6,2341 CNVs summarized to 5,578 CNVRs, which comprised 2,638 gains, 2,404 losses and 537 complex CNVRs, covering 7.68% of the bovine genome. The length of these CNVRs ranged from 1,244 bp to 1,381,355 bp. A total of 563 consensus CNVRs were found covering 2.29 % of the UMD 3.1 bovine genome assembly. Of these, 24 were gains, 300 were losses and 239 were complex CNVRs. A total of 775 official gene IDs were annotated in the consensus CNVRs. Among the 537 genes with functional information, the GO and pathway analysis was reported for those who clustered with a p-value < 0.05. The quantitative PCRs successfully validated 14 (93.33%) of the selected CNVRs.
The result of this study is the first comprehensive genomic analysis of the Brown Swiss breed based on the Illumina Bovine HD SNP chip on such a large number of animals that enriches the CNV map in the bovine genome. These findings also provide valuable information for further CNV studies. Finally, the results of the CNVR map delivers new information for functional, health and productive traits considered in selection programs of the Brown Swiss breed.
Chapter 3
Copy Number Variation (CNV) can be used in association studies to disclose genetic basis of quantitative traits phenotypic variation. CNVs are DNA sequences of 50 bp up to several Mb long, which can vary in number of copies in comparison with a reference genome. Up to date, no genome-wide association study (GWAS) with CNVs and quantitative traits in such a large Brown Swiss population (i.e. with 1,116 samples) has been described. The purpose of this study was to perform a GWAS using CNVs with functional, health and productive traits and to asses the impact on farming and breeding practices. The CNV – association studies were performed with the Golden Helix SVS 8.4.4 software using a correlation-trend test model. Genes within significant associated CNVs for each trait were annotated with a GO analysis using the DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.7. A total of 56 CNVs were significantly associated with one or more of the eight evaluated traits. The greatest association signals were given by three CNVs on chromosome 12 for the fat yield trait and on BTA23 for udder traits. The associated CNVs overlap with 23 different genes annotated on the Bos taurus genome assembly (UMD3.1)
Mining e-mail content for author identification forensics
No full textWe describe an investigation into e-mail content mining for author identification, or authorship attribution, for the purpose of forensic investigation. We focus our discussion on the ability to discriminate between authors for the case of both aggregated e-mail topics as well as across different email topics. An extended set of e-mail document features including structural characteristics and linguistic patterns were derived and, together with a Support Vector Machine learning algorithm, were used for mining the e-mail content. Experiments using a number of e-mail documents generated by different authors on a set of topics gave promising results for both aggregated and multi-topic author categorisation
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