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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
PELAKSANAAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM MITRA PENERIMA WARALABA ATAS RESIKO KERUGIAN YANG DITIMBULKAN OLEH PEMBERI KEMITRAAN
No full textMuhammad Lutfi Pratama, Moch. Zairul Alam, Ranintya Ghaninda
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya
Jl. MT. Haryono No. 169 Malang
e-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRAK
Waralaba (Franchise) pada dasarnya adalah sebuah perjanjian mengenai metode pendistribusian barang dan jasa kepada konsumen, dimana usaha tersebut dijalankan sesuai dengan prosedur dan cara yang ditetapkan franchisor dan franchisor memberikan bantuan (assistance) terhadap franchise. Pada skripsi ini, penulis mengangkat permasalahan terkait dengan pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum franchise atas resiko kerugian yang ditimbulkan oleh kesalahan pewaralaba (franchisor). Skripsi ini mengangkat rumusan masalah: (1) Bagaimana implementasi perlindungan penerima waralaba / franchisee sesuai dengan mekanisme perlindungan yang terdapat dalam Pasal 7 PP No. 42 Tahun 2007 jo PS 5 Permendag No. 71 tahun 2019? (2) Bagaimana hambatan dan upaya perlindungan penerima waralaba / franchisee sesuai dengan mekanisme perlindungan yang terdapat dalam Pasal 7 PP No. 42 Tahun 2007 jo PS 5 Permendag No. 71 Tahun 2019, ditinjau melalui pengamatan pewaralaba.
Jenis penelitian ini yuridis empiris yang berarti bahwa dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang akan dibahas, berdasarkan pada peraturan-peraturan yang berlaku dengan menghubungkan kenyataan yang telah terjadi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara (interview) dengan populasi adalah seluruh pihak yang terkait dengan perlindungan atas risiko kerugian dalam perjanjian waralaba (franchise) dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif.
Hasil penelitian dapat diuraikan bahwa pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum franchise atas resiko kerugian yang ditimbulkan oleh kesalahan pewaralaba (franchisor) menunjukkan bahwa perjanjian waralaba merupakan landasan legal yang berlaku sebagai undang-undang dalam mengoperasionalkan hubungan yang telah disepakati dan merupakan landasan untuk menjaga kepentingan Pemberi Waralaba maupun Penerima Waralaba. Adanya perjanjian tersebut memberikan perlindungan hukum secara preventif dan represif. Hambatan dan upaya perlindungan yaitu anggapan penerima waralaba dilarang mengalihkan know how yang diterimanya kepada pihak lain menjadi kurang tepat, sebab Pasal 3 Permendag tersebut membolehkan perjanjian waralaba disertai pemberian hak untuk membuat perjanjian waralaba lanjutan. Hambatan non yuridis yaitu pihak yang dianggap kuat kedudukannya dalam perjanjian waralaba ini ialah franchisor atau pemberi waralaba, pihak franchisee hanya mengikuti sesuai format dan prosedur dari franchisor dan otomatis pihak franchisee telah sepakat, dengan ketentuan-ketentuan yang ada di dalam perjanjian waralaba tersebut. Perjanjian baku sepihak ini berupa secara tertulis yang didalamnya memuat hak dan kewajiban, tugas dan sebagainya.
Kata Kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Resiko Kerugian, Waralaba
ABSTRACT
A franchise is represented by an agreement regarding the distribution of goods and services to consumers according to the procedures set by a franchiser who assists a franchisee. This research focuses on the legal protection of franchisees from the loss risk arising from the negligence of franchisers. Departing from this issue, this research aims to investigate: (1) the implementation of the protection of franchisees according to the mechanism of protection outlined in Article 7 of Government Regulation Number 42 of 2007 in conjunction with Article 5 of the Regulation of the Minister of Trade Number 71 of 2019 and the impeding factors and measures taken in the protection as intended in Article 7 of Government Regulation Number 42 of 2007 in conjunction with Article 5 of the Regulation of the Minister of Trade Number 71 of 2019 seen from the perspective of the franchise.
This research employed empirical juridical methods, obtaining the data from current regulations linked to reality. The data collection was based on interviews involving all parties dealing with the protection of loss risk in the franchise agreement concerned, followed by a data analysis based on a descriptive technique.
The research results discover that, regarding the protection of the franchise from the loss risk arising from the negligence of the franchisor concerned, the franchise agreement serves as law as a legal basis for operating the relationship that has been agreed upon, and it is the fundament aiming to maintain the interest of a franchiser and franchisor. This agreement also sets both preventive and repressive protections. The impeding factors and measures taken in the protection imply that the notion believing that the franchisee is not allowed to transfer the know-how to another party is not acceptable since Article 3 of the Regulation of the Minister of Trade allows the agreement made to come with the provision of right for a further franchise agreement. The non-juridical impeding factor implies a franchiser is a party holding a powerful position in the agreement, while a franchisee complies with the format and procedures set by a franchisor, and this mode activates the agreement of the franchisee with all the provisions set therein. This standard and unilateral agreement contains rights, obligations, tasks, and many more.
Keywords: Legal Protection, Loss Risk, Franchis
Indeks Kualitas Tanah Berdasarkan Sifat Kimia Tanah pada Berbagai Penggunaan Lahan Di Sub DAS Curah Kangkong, Jember
No full textPertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin tinggi tiap tahunnya mendorong
kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap kebutuhan lahan, akibatnya banyak lahan
pertanian yang dikonversi menjadi lahan pemukiman maupun lahan konservasi
yang berada pada daerah aliran sungai (DAS) mengalami alih fungsi lahan
menjadi lahan pertanian. Kegiatan alih fungsi lahan tersebut menyebabkan
dampak negatif berupa rusaknya sumberdaya lahan dan air yang berdampak
terhadap terjadinya degradasi lahan pada lahan-lahan yang mengalami alih fungsi,
sehingga lahan tersebut memiliki kualitas tanah yang rendah. Sub DAS Curah
Kangkong terletak di Kecamatan Arjasa Kabupaten Jember, dengan tipe
penggunaan lahan didominasi oleh lahan pertanian. Penggunaan lahan yang tidak
sesuai dengan keadaan lahan berdampak terhadap penurunan kualitas tanah.
Kualitas tanah merupakan faktor pendukung dalam menunjang pertumbuhan
tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh nilai indeks kualitas tanah
(IKT) berdasarkan sifat kimia tanah pada berbagai penggunaan lahan yang
terdapat di Sub DAS Curah Kangkong.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei kualitas
tanah dan dilakukan dari bulan September 2019 sampai bulan Maret 2020 di Sub
DAS Curah Kangkong. Penentuan titik sampel dilakukan dengan mengambil titik
yang representatif dan berdasarkan arah kelerengan pada lokasi penelitian.
Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan secara terusik dan berdasarkan penggunaan
lahan yang terdapat di Sub DAS Curah Kangkong. Analisis tanah berdasarkan
sifat kimia tanah diantaranya C-Organik, N total, P total, P tersedia, K total, K
tersedia, KTK, pH H2O, pH KCl, Ca, Na, Mg dan KB. Data analisis sifat kimia
tanah diolah menggunakan metode Principle Component Analysis (PCA) dan
melakukan tahapan scoring dan weighting untuk memperoleh IKT.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan parameter yang menyusun nilai IKT adalah
KB, KTK, Ca, N dan P tersedia dengan KB, Ca dan P tersedia yang memiliki
hubungan paling erat dalam menyusun nilai IKT. Nilai IKT pada wilayah
penelitian terbagi menjadi tiga kategori yaitu: sangat tinggi terdapat pada SPL 5,
tinggi terdapat pada SPL 6, 3 dan 4 dan sedang terdapat pada SPL 1 dan 2. Nilai
IKT paling tinggi terdapat pada SPL 5 dengan tipe penggunaan lahan berupa
lahan sawah, kelerengan 8-15% dan jenis tanah entisol dengan nilai IKT 0,95.
Nilai IKT terendah terdapat pada SPL 2 dengan tipe penggunaan lahan berupa
tegalan, kelerengan 15-25% dan jenis tanah inceptisol.Dr. Ir. Bambang Hermiyanto, MP
Analisis Performansi Naïve Bayes Classifier Dan Random Forest Terhadap Sentimen Kebijakan Kenaikan Harga Bbm Di Indonesia
Full text linkFuel is a crucial commodity in people's economic activities. The fuel price increase policy can negatively affect the economic growth in community. However, the government make various good decisions, such as the BLT BBM. This phenomenon raises various sentiments in society. Knowing public sentiment can be a benchmark for the government in making decisions. Therefore, Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms to classify public sentiment towards the fuel price increase policy through Twitter text data, with 250 thousand tweet datasets. Sentiment class labels include positive, neutral, and negative. Performance analysis for each algorithm consider by accuracy, recall, and average the AUC-ROC score. Both algorithms will go through hyperparameter tuning process, for NBC that is the laplace smoothing value and for RF that is the minimum samples split and minimum samples leaf values. It was concluded that RF performance more useful as it reached 85.15% accuracy and 94.62% average AUC-ROC score. However, NBC reached accuracy value of 79.74% and the average AUC-ROC is 89.83%
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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