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Analisi dei polimorfismi del gene della miostatina (MSTN) e loro associazione con le performance del cavallo anglo arabo da corsa
Full text linkThe Anglo Arabian horse breed is spread all over the world. The aim of this study was to investigate polymorphisms of the myostatin gene (MSTN) in Anglo Arabian racehorses.
Blood samples were collected from 180 horses and DNA was extracted. Data concerning the sport career were achieved. MSTN gene was entirely sequenced from two subjects and 14 polymorphic sites were detected. Resequencing of the fragments 3 and 6 in all the 180 horses was later performed.
The only SNP that showed a significant effect on sport performance (arrival and success indexes) was g.66,493,737, which showed three genotypes, CC, CT and TT. Heterozygotes CT were characterized by the best performances considering the arrival index. As regard the success index, no difference was registered between homozygous and heterozygous for short distances, but the latter are always the best on medium and long distances. Orthogonal contrasts showed that heterozygous horses attained the highest cash prize in the medium distances while CC homozygotes have better performances in the short distances. CT and TT showed the same results on long and short distances.
In conclusion, flexibility of the Anglo Arabian racehorse was evidenced. Selection led to particularly resistant horses, easily and indifferently adapted for race distances ranging from 1400 to 2400 meters. These findings should be useful both to bring higher value to the genotyped animals and for better selection schemes
Electronic identification of donkey: a field experience by means of two types of transponders and three application techniques
No full textThe Effect of cold acidified milk replacer on productive performance of suckling kids reared in an extensive farming system
No full textThis study was conducted, in an extensive farm, to assess the effects of artificial feeding with an acidified milk replacer on productive performance of goat kids. Thirty-two Sarda kids, randomly divided into two feeding groups of 16 kids, (NM, naturally milk fed by their dams, and AR, artificially bottle-fed with an acidified milk replacer) were weighed at weekly intervals until slaughtering, at 42 days of age. A blood sample was collected from each goat kid before slaughter for the assessment of the metabolic status. Post-mortem data were registered: carcass characteristics; percentages of commercial cuts; muscle, separable fat and bone + tendons percentage. Results were analysed by a General Linear Model procedure. The two feeding groups showed similar live weights, except for the period between 7 and 21 days of age. As regards slaughter data, AR kids had a reduced fat deposition and carcasses with shorter diameters and a longer leg. Measurements after dissection showed that the muscle/fat ratio was more favourable in AR kids. Although there were some differences between the groups, haematochemical parameters of both NM and AR were in the range reported for goat kids. On the basis of the results of this trial, artificial feeding with an acidified milk replacer can provide carcasses similar to those obtained with natural milk feeding and can be used both for goat kid meat production and eradication schemes of diseases transmitted by milk-feeding
Polymorphism of caprine SLC11A1 gene and relationships with hygienic characteristics of milk
No full text"\"Th e solute carrier family 11 member A1 (SLC11A1) gene is associated with resistance. to infectious diseases. Genetic variability at the 3’ untranslated region (3’-UTR) of. this gene is due to the presence of a polymorphic microsatellites that contain a (GT) n. dinucleotide repeat. Th e microsatellite variability and relationships with milk yield. and composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and total microbic count (TMC) were investigated. in 260 goats of Sarda breed. Genotyping of the upstream guanine-thymine. repeat (GT)n revealed twenty diff erent genotypes and eight alleles (GT11, GT12,. GT14, GT15, GT16, GT17, GT18 and GT19). Th e present study confi rmed the high genetic. variability of the Sarda goat and that the genotype of the microsatellite at. 3’-UTR SLC11A1 aff ected many chemical and hygienic characteristics of milk as fat,. protein and SCC\"
The effect of high dietary zinc oxide supplementation and farming conditions on productive performances of post-weaning piglets
No full textEffect of calcium sensitive casein genotype on milk yield, composition and renneting properties of Sarda goat.
No full text"With the aim to assess the relationships between polymorphism at the calcium-sensitive casein. genes and yield, composition and renneting parameters of caprine milk, 200 Sarda goats,. genotyped at the CSN1S1, CSN2 and CSN1S2 genes, were utilised. Milk samples were. collected and daily milk yield was recorded at monthly intervals to determine: fat, protein, pH. (IDF 141C:2000) and coagulation properties (Formagraph instrument). Data were submitted to. a repeated-measures three-way GLM procedure; in the model CSN1S1, CSN2 and CSN1S2. were the random effects and only genotypes with frequencies higher than 4.0% were included.. The following genotypes were considered: at the CSN1S1 locus AA, AB, AF, BB, BF and FF;. at CSN2 AA, AC, CC and C01; at CSN1S2 AA, AC, AF, CC, CF and FF. Milk yield, which. varied in a range of 1,135 to 790 g\/d, was influenced by the effects of CSN1S1 (AA and BB >. BF and FF) and CSN1S2 (AC and CF > FF). As regards milk composition, the CSN1S1. genotype affected milk fat (AB > BB > BF and FF), protein (AB > BF > AF) and pH (AF and. FF > BB). The CSN2 genotype showed significant differences in protein (AA > AC > CC >. C01) and pH (AC > CC). At the CSN1S2 locus, significant differences occurred only for fat. (AC and CC > AA and CF). Fat and protein varied between 3.67 and 4.21 g\/100 mL and. between 4.60 and 5.03 g\/100 mL, respectively; the pH value varied between 6.67 and 6.71.. Clotting time (r) was affected only by CSN2, showing shorter mean times for AC and CC. (12.88 and 13.04 min) than AA (14.47 min). Curd firming time (k20) and curd firmness (a30). were influenced by all the three genes and varied between 1.90 and 2.74 min and between 47.4. and 35.2 mm, respectively. The CSN1S1 AB genotype displayed the lowest values of k20 and. the highest of a30, the FF genotype was opposite. The CSN2 C01, CC and AC genotypes. displayed decreasing values of k20, while CSN2 AC had the highest values of a30. The. CSN1S2 locus showed the highest values of k20 in the AA genotype and of a30 in AC and CC.. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the relationships between calcium-sensitive casein genes. and milk traits and provided useful information in order to improve genetic selection and. differentiation of productions.
Effect of polymorphisms at the casein gene cluster on milk renneting properties of the Sarda goat
No full textThis study investigated the influence of casein genes polymorphism on renneting properties of milk from Sarda goats. Milk yield and composition, and renneting properties (rennet coagulation time RCT, firming time k20 and curd firmness a30) were evaluated in 200 multiparous goats from three farms, at monthly intervals from March to July. Animals were genotyped at CSN1S1, CSN2, CSN1S2 and CSN3. Statistical analysis was performed by a repeated measures General Linear Model. CSN1S1 significantly affected milk traits with a lower fat content registered for goats carrying the F allele. The highest protein concentration was recorded for the CSN1S1 AB goats. Milk from CSN1S1 FF homozygote goats was characterized by a delayed k20 and the CSN1S1 AB showed a higher a30. All the parameters were influenced by the CSN2 locus, except milk yield. Polymorphism at CSN1S2 influenced only daily milk yield and a30. The CSN1S2 0 null allele was detected for the first time in this breed. The influence of genotype effect was particularly marked for CSN3; RCT and k20 were delayed in CSN3 BB goats and the highest level of a30, 47.88 mm registered for CSN3 AA goats, could be considered remarkable when compared to other goat breeds or populations. In conclusion, this study improved knowledge on the effects of goat casein genes on milk renneting parameters, and could be useful in the future planning of breeding programs and specific dairy products linked to the Sarda breed (PDO/PGI)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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