1,720,955 research outputs found
Primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a complicated yet unique relationship
No full textPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare liver disorder characterized by biliary ducts inflammation, fibrosis and consequently chronic cholestasis, which progressively lead to liver cirrhosis. The main feature of PSC is the frequent association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with an estimated prevalence of around 70% of the cases. This strong relationship seems due to the presence of shared pathogenetic mechanisms, which seem to involve the intestinal barrier function, the human gut microbiota and the immune innated and adaptative response to antigens derived from the bowel. Of relevance, PSC-IBD have specific clinical and pathological features that differ from PSC and IBD as separate entities, explaining the diversity in outcomes among these categories, and therefore the distinct clinical management that is required. The aim of this review is to present recent data regarding the epidemiology, pathobiology and clinical features of PSC-IBD
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Autoimmune liver diseases: assessment of changes in clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches and treatment in two cohorts ten years apart
No full textreservedBackground: Autoimmune Liver Diseases (AILDs)— namely Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH), Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC), and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)—are rare chronic disorders characterized by immune-mediated liver injury. Advances in diagnostics, therapeutics, and international registries such as the ERN RARE-LIVER Registry have reshaped their management. However, few studies have evaluated how clinical presentation and treatment have evolved in real-world practice.
Aim: To assess temporal changes in the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic profiles of AILDs by comparing two patient cohorts approximately ten years apart.
Methods: A single-centre, retrospective and prospective study was conducted at the Autoimmune and Cholestatic Liver Disease Clinic, University Hospital of Padua. Patients diagnosed with AIH, PBC, or PSC between 2015–2017 (cohort 15-17) were compared with those prospectively enrolled in the ERN RARE-LIVER Registry between 2023–2025 (cohort 23-25). Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were analysed to identify temporal trends.
Results: A total of 29 and 30 patients with AIH, 38 and 28 with PBC, and 17 and 16 with PSC were included in the two cohorts, respectively. In AIH, the cohort 23-25 showed lower fibrosis stages (median 1 vs 3, p<0.001) and higher biochemical remission at 6 and 12 months (65% and 100% vs 53% and 68%), with reduced corticosteroid use (22% vs 61%). In PBC, the use of liver biopsy markedly declined in favour of serological diagnosis. Biochemical response to UDCA remained unchanged, but new disease-specific second-line therapies became available. In PSC, the prevalence of IBD remained stable, while fewer cirrhotic cases, transplant referrals, and cholangitis episodes were observed-likely reflecting the shorter follow-up in the recent cohort.
Conclusions: Over the past decade, meaningful changes have occurred in the diagnosis and management of AILDs, driven by improved diagnostic tools, novel therapeutic options, and optimized use of established treatments. Continued prospective data collection and standardized approaches are essential to further improve outcomes for patients with these rare but challenging diseases
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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