1,721,007 research outputs found
Investigation of serum trace element levels in pregnant and non-pregnant arabian horses
No full textGebe Olan ve Gebe Olmayan Arap Atlarında Serum İz Element Düzeylerinin Araştırılması Çekim, binek ve yarış kabiliyeti yönünden yetiştirmeye elverişli olan Arap atı, Türkiye'de yaygın olarak yetiştirilmektedir. At yetiştiriciliğinde bütün hayvancılık alanlarında olduğu gibi döl verimi önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Mineraller, evcil hayvanlarda üreme, büyüme, gelişme ve verimliliğin sağlıklı bir şekilde devam ettirilebilmesi için çok düşük miktarlarda ihtiyaç duyulur. Yeterli düzeyde iz element ve mineral alınamaması gebelik döneminde problemler, fertilite problemleri, gebe hayvanlarda fötusta gelişme bozuklukları, doğum sonrası komplikasyonlar, düvelerde geç pubertaya giriş gibi problemlere sebep olabilir. Ancak İz elementler organizmada sentezlenemedikleri için su veya besinlerle dışarıdan alınmaları gereklidir. Yapılan tez çalışmasında, 5-8 yaşlı toplam 16 adet Arap atından kan numuneleri alınmıştır. Çalışma grupları kontrol grubu (gebe olmayan kısraklar, n=8) ve gebe grup (n=8) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Kontrol ve Gebe Grubu Kısraklarda sırasıyla serum Zn değerleri 218,26 ± 7,24 µg/dL ve 184,46 ± 9,76 µg/dl; serum Fe değerleri 329,35 ± 9,73 µg/dL ve 273,25 ± 16,17 µg/dL, serum Se değerleri 48,80 ± 1,45 µg/dL ve 31,70 ± 2,65 µg/dL, serum Mn değerleri 33,54 ± 2,73 µg/dL ve 23,91 ± 1,07 µg/dL, serum Rb değerleri 68,09 ± 4,22 µg/dL ve 38,96 ± 3,74 µg/dL serum Sr değerleri 214,84 ± 12,41 µg/dL ve 170,38 ± 13,58 µg/dL, serum Al değerleri 318,58 ± 61,46 µg/dL ve 156,28 ± 24,52 µg/dL, serum Co değerleri 1,23 ± 0,12 µg/dL ve 1,05 ±0,11 µg/dL, serum Ni değerleri 8,89 ±0,91 µg/dL ve 8,18 ±1,34 µg/dl, serum U 76,76 ± 17,55µg/dL - 67,86 ± 12,80 µg/dL, serum Cr değerleri 88,88 ±10,01 µg/dL ve 91,64 ±10,74 µg/dL, serum Cu değerleri 133,86 ± 3,50µg/dL ve 194,81 ± 79,70µg/dL, serum Pb değerleri 9,51 ±2,18µg/dL ve 11,56 ± 3,14µg/dL, serum Cd değerleri 250,05 ± 105,45µg/dL ve 282,43 ± 110,10µg/Dl serum V değerleri 70,45 ± 68,36µg/dL ve 224,18 ± 146,34 µg/dL, serum Mo değerleri 82,80 ± 8,01 µg/dL ve 96,85 ± 12,62 µg/dL olarak ölçülmüştür. Serum Zn, Fe, Se, Mn, Rb, Sr, Al değerlerinde gebe grupta kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma görülmüştür (p<0,05). Diğer parametrelerdeki değişimler istatistik olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p˃0,05). Yapılan bu tez çalışmasından elde edilen sonuçların gebe kısraklarda oluşabilecek element düzey değişimlerini hakkında bilgi birikimi sağlayabileceği bunun yanısıra elde edilen verilerin gebelik öncesi ile de karşılaştırılarak gebelikte ihtiyaç duyulan rasyonun ve diğer ikame edicilerin hazırlanarak hem yavru hem de kısraklarda şekillenebilecek postpartum komplikasyonların önüne geçilebilme imkanı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Arap atı, Gebelik, İz elementlerInvestigation of Serum Trace Element Levels in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Arabian Horses The Arabian horse, which is suitable for breeding in terms of shooting, riding and racing ability, is widely bred in Türkey. In horse breeding, fertility has an important place as in all livestock areas. Minerals are needed in very low quantities to maintain healthy reproduction, growth, development and productivity in domestic animals. Insufficient levels of trace element and minerals may cause problems during pregnancy, fertility problems, fetal development disorders in pregnant animals, postnatal complications, late puberty in heifers. However, since trace elements cannot be synthesized in the organism, they must be taken from outside with water or nutrients. In the thesis study, blood samples were taken from a total of 16 Arabian horses aged between 5-8 years old. Study groups were divided into two groups as control group (non-pregnant mares, n = 8) and pregnant group (n = 8). Serum Zn values were 218.26 ± 7.24 µg / dL and 184.46 ± 9.76 µg / dl, serum Fe values 329.35 ± 9.73 µg / dL and 273.25 ± 16.17 µg / dL, serum Se values 48.80 ± 1.45 µg / dL and 31.70 ± 2.65 µg / dL, serum Mn values 33.54 ± 2.73 µg / dL and 23.91 ± 1.07 µg / dL, serum Rb values 68.09 ± 4.22 µg / dL and 38.96 ± 3.74 µg / dL serum Sr values 214.84 ± 12.41 µg / dL and 170.38 ± 13.58 µg / dL, serum Al values 318.58 ± 61.46 µg / dL and 156.28 ± 24.52 µg / dL, serum Co values 1.23 ± 0.12 µg / dL and 1.05 ± 0.11 µg / dL, serum Ni values 8.89 ± 0.91 µg / dL and 8.18 ± 1.34 µg / dl, serum U 76.76 ± 17.55 µg / dL - 67.86 ± 12.80 µg / dL, serum Cr values 88.88 ± 10.01 µg / dL and 91.64 ± 10.74 µg / dL, serum Cu values 133.86 ± 3.50µg / dL and, 194.81 ± 79.70µg / dL, serum Pb values 9.51 ± 2.18µg / dL and 11.56 ± 3.14µg / dL, serum Cd values 250.05 ± 105.45µg / dL and 282.43 ± 110.10µg / Dl serum V values 70.45 ± 68.36µg / dL and 224.18 ± 146.34 µg / dL, serum Mo values 82.80 ± 8.01. It was measured as µg / dL and 96.85 ± 12.62 µg / dL in the control and pregnant mares, respectively. There was a statistically significant decrease in serum Zn, Fe, Se, Mn, Rb, Sr, Al values in the pregnant group compared to the control group (p <0.05). The changes in other parameters were not found to be statistically significant (p˃0.05). The results obtained from this thesis study may provide information about the changes in elemental levels that may occur in pregnant mares, besides, the obtained data can be compared with pre-pregnancy, and the ration and other substitutes needed during pregnancy can be prepared to prevent postpartum complications that may occur in both broods and mares. Keywords: Arabian horse, Pregnancy, Trace element
Determination of antioxidant enzyme activity in akkaraman sheep milk
No full textAkkaraman koyunu Türkiye'de mevcut koyun varlığımızın yaklaşık %45'ini oluşturan yerli koyun ırklarımızdandır. Bu ırkın süt verimi yaklaşık olarak 50-60 kg, laktasyon süresi 140-150 gündür. Sütte antioksidan enzim aktivitesi pek çok çalışmada değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada sütün doğum sonrası, laktasyonun 45. ve 90. günlerinde antioksidan enzim aktivitesi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Konya Gözlü Tarım İşletmesi'nde bulunan Akkaraman koyunlarından doğum sonrası 0. 45. ve 90. günlerde alınan süt çalışma materyalini oluşturmuştur. Süt örneklerinde SOD, GPx ve katalaz aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Gebelik fizyolojik bir süreç olup, yavrunun yeterli gelişimini ve büyümesini sağlamak için enerji ve oksijen gereksiniminde belirgin bir artış ile karakterizedir. Buna bağlı olarak hem ana hem de yavrunun gebelik ve sonrasında oksidatif strese maruz kaldığı düşünülmektedir. Yapılan ölçümler sonucunda, GPx enzim aktivitesi doğan yavru sayısından bağımsız olarak (0.-45.-90. günlerde) anlamlı çıkmıştır (p ≤ 0.05). 0.-45.-90. günlerde medyan ve çeyrekler açıklığı değerleri sırasıyla, 11,315;8,03, 10,530;8,25 ve 22,739;18,832 olarak ölçülmüştür. Doğan yavru sayısına göre yapılan gruplandırmada 0. gün ikiz ve tekli doğum grupları arası fark istatiksel olarak anlamlıdır (p ≤ 0.05). 0. gün tek ve ikiz yavrulu doğumlarda ise medyan ve çeyrekler açıklığı değerleri sırasıyla, 9,913;7,088 ve 13,281;10,239, U/g protein olarak belirlenmiştir. 45. günde istatistiksel fark olmayıp bu değerler sırasıyla 10,958;7,67 ve 10,092;9,221 U/g protein olarak belirlenmiştir. SOD enzim aktivitesi yönünden gruplar arası fark anlamlı çıkmamıştır. 0.-45.-90. günlerde medyan ve çeyrekler açıklığı değerleri sırasıyla, 0,0982; 0,10316, 0,0860;0,6638, 0,707; 0,9285 olarak belirlenmiştir. 0. gün tek ve ikiz yavrulu doğumlarda medyan ve çeyrekler açıklığı değerleri sırasıyla, 0,09827;00824 ve 0,10196; 0;15459, 45. gün tek ve ikiz yavrulu doğumlarda medyan ve çeyrekler açıklığı değerleri sırasıyla, 0,0824; 07736 0,0957; 06702 U/g protein olarak ölçülmüştür. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, GPx enzim aktivitelerinde, özellikle laktasyonun 90. günündeki değişimin memenin antioksidan savunma sisteminin adaptasyonu ile ilişkili olduğu kanısına varılmıştır.Akkaraman sheep population existing in Turkey constitutes approximately 45% of native breeds. Milk yield of this breed is approximately 50-60 kg and lactation time is 140-150 days. Antioxidant enzyme activities in milk have been evaluated in many studies. In this study, antioxidant enzyme activity was evaluated at the beginning and on the 45th and 90th days of lactation. Akkaraman sheep raised in the Konya Gözlü Agricultural Facility and their milk samples obtained after birth, 45th and 90th days after delivery consisted of the study material. SOD, GPx and catalase activities were determined in these milk samples. Pregnancy is a physiological process characterized by a significant increase in energy and oxygen demand to ensure adequate development and growth of the offspring. Accordingly, both mother and offspring are thought to be exposed to oxidative stress during and after pregnancy. As a result of the measurements, GPx enzyme activity was significant (0.-45.-90 days) regardless the number of offspring (p ≤ 0.05) on 0.45th and 90th days, the median and interquartile range values were 11,315, 8,03, 10,530; 8.25 and 22.739;18,832 U/g protein respectively. At the beginning of lactation, the difference between twin and single birth groups was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). On day 0, median and interquartile range values were for single and twin delivered animals; 9.913;7,088 and 13,281;10,239 U/g protein respectively. On the 45th day, there was no statistical difference among the groups (p>0.05) and these values were 10,958;7,67, 10,092;9,221 U/g protein, respectively. There was no significant difference between all groups in terms of SOD enzyme activity. 0.-45.-90. days, number of delivery independent the median and interquartile range values were 0.0982; 0,10316, 0,0860; 0,6638 and 0,707; 0,9285 respectively. At the beginning of lactation for single and twin deliveries, median and quartile range values were found as 0.09827; 00824 and 0.10196; 0, 15459 while on the 45th day, the median and interquartile range values for single and twins were 0.0824; 07736 and 0,0957;06702 U/g protein. According to the findings obtained in the study, GPx enzyme activities, especially the change on the 90th day of lactation is associated with the adaptation of the breast tissue and the response of antioxidant defense system
Differences in the Follicular Morphology of Young and Aged Bitches and Their Correlation with the Anti-Mullerian Hormone
No full textPEKCAN, MERT/0000-0003-3084-125X; Polat, Mert/0000-0003-4029-1247This study aimed to investigate the structural, morphological and cellular differences of follicles at different stages of follicular development as well as to determine the correlation of the ovarian follicle population with serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) levels in young and aged bithches. Sixteen bitches were divided into two groups according to their ages. Group A included young bitches aged 2 years (n=8) while Group B constituted of those aged 8 to 10 years (n=8). Diameters of the primordial, primary and preantral follicles were found to be significantly larger in Group B, in comparison to Group A. In Group A, the mean number of granulosa cells was 91.65 +/- 2.23 in the secondary follicles and 301.31 +/- 4.16 in the preantral follicles. In Group B, the same values were found to be 89.46 +/- 2.68 and 270.25 +/- 3.54, respectively. The mean serum AMH levels in Group A and Group B were 0.233 +/- 0.046 ng/mL and 0.099 +/- 0.008 ng/mL, respectively (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results indicated that the number of primordial and primary follicles as well as the numbers of granulosa cells in secondary and preantral follicles decreased with advanced age which resulted in lower serum AMH levels in aged bitches. The results suggested that the AMH, which is used as a fertility parameter in humans, could also be used for the same purpose in dogs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The effects of silymarin in sodium fluoride-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in blood and tissue parameters in rats
No full textRatlarda Sodyum Florid İle Oluşturulan Hepatotoksite Ve Oksidatif Streste Silimarin'in Kan Ve Doku Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri Flor oldukça reaktif bir element ve halojen ailesinin bir üyesidir. Bu çalışmada ratlarda florid kaynaklı hepatotoksisite ve oksidatif hasara karşı silimarin'in koruyucu etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Ratlara bu amaçla, içme suyu ile 300 ppm NaF ad libitum verildi. Tedavi grubuna silimarin 200 ppm/gün gavaj ile verildi. Toplam 45 rat ile planlanan çalışma herbiri 9 rattan oluşan 5 grup (K, F, SF, S ve T) üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Flor uygulanan grupta (F) karaciğer enzimlerinden AST aktivitesinin kontrol grubuna (K) göre istatistik önemde yüksek (p<0.001), ALT aktivitesinin ise istatistik önemde olmamakla beraber belirgin yüksek olması flor toksikasyonuna bağlı olarak doku yıkımını gösterdiği kanısına varıldı. Enzim aktivitelerinin flor ile birlikte silimarin uygulanan grupta (SF) ve 30 gün flor uygulanması sonrası 10 gün silimarin uygulanan grupta (T) flor uygulanan gruba (F) göre bariz düşük oluşu flor toksikasyonuna karşı silimarinin karaciğer koruyucu (hepatoprotektif) etkisi olarak değerlendirildi. Bu bulgu histopatolojik verilerle de açıkça desteklendiği görüldü. Flor uygulanan grupda (F) karaciğer dokusunda SOD ve GSH-Px değerlerindeki düşüş ile MDA düzeyindeki artış karaciğer dokusunda oksidatif hasarı gösterirken, silimarin ile birlikte flor uygulanan grupda (SF) ve 30 gün flor uygulamasını takiben 10 gün silimarin uygulanan tedavi grubunda (T) SOD ve GSH-Px düzeylerinin yüksek, MDA düzeylerinin düşük bulunması çalışmada kullanılan silimarinin antioksidan özelliği sebebiyle karaciğeri flor toksikasyonu sonucu gelişen oksidatif doku hasarına karşı korumuş olmasının bir göstergesi olarak yorumlandı. Karaciğer dokusunda ALT, AST, SOD ve GSH-Px gibi enzim aktivitelerinde ve lipid peroksidasyon belirteci oloan MDA gibi ürünlerin düzeylerinde saptanan değişiklikler ile western blot sonucu Bax, Kaspaz-3, Nox4, p38 MAPK, Hsp60 ve Hsp27 protein hatlarında gözlenen değişiklikler hem florun hepatotoksik ve oksidatif etkileri hem de silimarinin bu olumsuz etkilere karşı profilaktik ve terapötik etkileri olarak değerlendirildi. Flor uygulanan grupda (F) saptanan Nox 4, p 38 MAPK, Hsp 60 düzeylerindeki artış ve Hsp 27 düzeyindeki düşüş; oksidatif hasarı, apoptozisi ve mitokondrial stres nedenli olabilecek hücre hasarını gösterdiği kanısına varıldı. Silimarin'in özellikle hepatoprotektif etkisi göz önüne alınarak, ileri düzeyde planlanacak benzer florozis model çalışmalarında silimarinin sistemik etkisinin ve hücresel düzeyde sinyal iletim yollarının aydınlatılmasında yararlı olacağı düşünüldü.The Effects Of Silymarın In Sodium Fluorıde-Induced Hepatotoxıcıty And Oxıdatıve Stress In Rats Fluorine is a highly reactive element and a member of the halogen family. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the protective effect of silymarin against oxidative damage and oxidative damage in rats. For this purpose, 300 ppm NaF ad libitum was given to the rats with drinking water. The treatment group was given 200 mg / day gavage. A total of 45 rats were planned to be performed on 5 groups (K, F, SF, S and T) each consisting of 9 rats It was concluded that AST activity of liver enzymes in F group (F) was significantly higher than control group (K) (p <0.001) and ALT activity was statistically significant but not statistically significant, indicating tissue destruction due to fluorine toxicity. Enzymatic activity of the group with fluoride in the group with silymarin (SF) and 30 days after administration of fluoride 10 days in the group (s) applied to the group of fluoride (F) compared to the fluorine group (F) was considered to be the liver protective (hepatoprotective) effect of silimar against fluorine toxicity. This finding was clearly supported by histopathological data. In the F group (F), the decrease in SOD and GSH-Px levels in liver tissue and the increase in MDA levels showed oxidative damage in liver tissue, while in the fluorine treated group (SF) with silymarin (SF) and in the treatment group (T) in the treatment group (T) for 10 days following fluorine administration. and the high levels of GSH-Px and low levels of MDA were interpreted as an indicator of the fact that the silimarine used in the study protected the liver from oxidative tissue damage caused by fluoride toxicity due to its antioxidant properties. Changes in enzyme activity in liver tissue such as ALT, AST, SOD and GSH-Px and metabolite levels such as MDA, and changes in Bax, Caspase-3, Nox4, p38 MAPK, Hsp60 and Hsp27 protein lines as a result of western blot result in both hepatotoxic and oxidative effects of fluoride. de silimarine were evaluated as prophylactic and therapeutic effects against these adverse effects. Nox 4, p 38 MAPK, Hsp 60 levels and decrease in Hsp 27 level detected in F group applied in fluorine group (F); It was concluded that it shows cell damage caused by oxidative damage, apoptosis and mitochondrial stress. Considering the hepatoprotective effect of silymarin, it was thought that the systemic effect of silimarine and similar signal transduction pathways at the cellular level could be helpful in the study of similar fluorosis model
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Capsaicin inhibits cell proliferation by cytochrome c release in gastric cancer cells
Full text linkPEKCAN, MERT/0000-0003-3084-125X; KOSOVA, FUNDA/0000-0001-8070-5067WOS: 000339736300042PubMed: 24682934Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is the principal pungent component in hot peppers. The role of capsaicin in carcinogenesis is quite controversial. Although some investigators suspect that capsaicin is a carcinogen, co-carcinogen, or tumor promoter, others have reported that it has chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and chemosensitizing activities of capsaicin alone and on 5-flourouracil (5-FU)-treated gastric cancer cells. In this study, the gastric cancer cell line HGC-27 was used and capsaicin used as a chemosensitizer and 5-flourouracil (5-FU) was used as chemotherapeutic. Cytotoxicity and chemosensitizing activities were analyzed with MTT assay; supernatant levels of LDH and glucose were detected as biochemical markers of cell viability; cytochrome c and AIF were evaluated with western blot; and additionally, wound-healing assays were employed. Results suggested that capsaicin had significant anticancer abilities; such capsaicin were capable of causing multifold decreases in the half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 value of 5-FU. The continuing controversy surrounding consumption or topical application of capsaicin clearly suggests that more well-controlled epidemiologic studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of capsaicin use. In summary, the present study demonstrated that capsaicin has the potential to be used for treating gastric carcinoma with 5-FU in vitro
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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