1,720,966 research outputs found
Development of murine B cell platform for the isolation and characterization of mAbs against gonococcal antigens
Full text linkNegli ultimi anni sono emerse diverse tecnologie per l’analisi a singola cellula B che consentono un campionamento diretto del repertorio immunitario: queste piattaforme conservano il naturale appaiamento delle catene pesanti e leggere ed evitano l'inefficiente fase di fusione dell'ibridoma, consentendo un'efficiente estrazione della popolazione di cellule B e la scoperta di anticorpi rari.
Lo scopo di questo progetto è stato quello di sviluppare un'efficiente piattaforma di clonaggio ed espressione di cellule B di topo che permettesse la generazione di ampie librerie di anticorpi monoclonali (mAb) diversi, per permettere il campionamento del repertorio delle cellule B alla ricerca di anticorpi specifici per l'antigene (Ag) dopo l'immunizzazione con vescicole della membrana esterna (OMV) di gonococco.
È stato sviluppato un protocollo per l'isolamento e la caratterizzazione di mAb derivati da singole cellule B della memoria (MBC) di topo specifiche per Ag, che ha portato alla generazione di un gran numero di mAb ricombinanti specifici per l'antigene. Abbiamo analizzato 816 supernatanti derivati da MBC OMV-specifici per verificarne il legame con i principali componenti proteici della superficie batterica (PorB e OpaB). La maggior parte dei mAb (68%) ha riconosciuto la principale proteina della membrana esterna PorB; l'8,7% dei mAb è risultato specifico per OpaB; un altro gruppo è risultato cross-reattivo per PorB e OpaB (8,9%), mentre i restanti mAb (14,4%) hanno riconosciuto altri antigeni sconosciuti espressi sulla superficie gonococcica. Tutti i mAb testati hanno confermato di legare uno o più ceppi di gonococco, dimostrando la loro capacità di riconoscere gli antigeni nativi sulla superficie del batterio. Con questo approccio è stata generata e caratterizzata una libreria di mAb funzionali diretti contro le principali proteine di superficie di gonococco. Un totale di 2 mAbs ricombinanti anti-OpaB, 2 anti-PorB e 2 mAbs con specificità sconosciuta sono stati approfonditamente caratterizzati per la loro specificità contro l'antigene bersaglio attraverso il saggio Luminex, il Western Blot e il Microarray, e per la loro funzionalità, con il saggio di battericidia sierica (SBA). Questo metodo potrebbe essere facilmente sfruttato per la generazione di grandi librerie di anticorpi contro diverse proteine di qualsiasi patogeno.In recent years, there has been the emergence of a number of single-B cell technologies that allow a direct sampling of the immune repertoire: these platforms retain the natural heavy and light chain pairing and avoid the inefficient hybridoma fusion step, enabling efficient mining of B cell population and allowing the discovery of rare antibodies.
The aim of this project was to develop an efficient mouse B-cell cloning and expression platform allowing the generation of large libraries of diverse mAbs sampling the B cell repertoire of antigen specific antibodies after immunisation with gonococcal Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs).
A protocol for the isolation and characterization of mAbs derived from mouse Ag-specific single Memory B-cells (MBCs) was developed, leading to the generation of a large number of antigen-specific recombinant mAbs. We analyzed 816 OMV-specific MBC-derived supernatants for their binding to the main protein components of the bacterial surface (PorB and OpaB). Most mAbs (68%) recognized the major outer membrane protein PorB; 8.7% of mAbs were against OpaB; another group cross recognized PorB and OpaB (8.9 %), while the remaining mAbs (14.4 %) recognized other unknown antigens expressed on gonococcal surface. All tested mAbs were confirmed to bind one or more gonococcal strains, demonstrating their ability to recognize the native antigens on the surface of the bacterium. Through this approach a library of functional mAbs directed against key bacterial surface proteins of gonococcus has been generated and characterized. A total of 2 recombinant anti-OpaB mAbs, 2 anti-PorB and 2 mAbs with unknown target were fully characterized for their specificity against the antigen target through Luminex assay, Western Blot and Microarray, and for their functionality, with Serum Bactericidal Assay (SBA). This method could be easily exploited for the generation of large libraries of antibodies against diverse proteins of any pathogen
La descrizione degli incunaboli: per una storia
No full textSi ripercorrono le tappe fondamentali dell'incunabolistica tra Otto e Novecento
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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