1,721,054 research outputs found
Gas Chromatography for the characterization of the mushroom like flavor in Melittis melissophyllum L (Lamiaceae)
No full text1-Octen-3-ol is an eight-carbon atom alcohol playing the major role in conferring the typical and unmistakable aroma to edible mushrooms.The presence of 1-octen-3-ol in plants was highlighted in the 40’s in various kinds of mint and lavender essential oils. Since then, many Lamiaceae were found to contain this molecule, but, to our knowledge, the plant essential oil which contains the highest percentage of this molecule is that of Melittis melissophyllum. In the present review we reported all studies based on gas chromatography performed on this plant in order to characterize its mushroom-like flavor. This plant revealed to be a source providing economically interesting natural flavor to be exploited in the near future
Phytochemical analysis of the labdanum-poor Cistus creticus subsp. eriocephalus (Viv.) Greuter et Burdet growing in central Italy
No full textPhenolic constituents and essential oil from the aerial parts of Cistus creticus subsp. eriocephalus (Viv.) Greuter et Burdet growing in central Italy were analysed by HPLC-MSn and GC-MS, respectively. Furthermore, six constituents were isolated by semipreparative HPLC from the methanol extract and their structures were determined on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR measurements as well as MS spectra. Isolated compounds were one new natural product, i.e. the shikimic acid ester 3,5-diihydroxy-4-(O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-cyclohex-1-en-1-(O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-ester (27), and six flavonoid glycosides, namely quercetin-3-O-β-D glucopyranoside (16), quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (17), tricetin-4'-O-β-D glucopyranoside (24), tricetin-4'-O-β-D rutinoside (21), 3'-methoxy-quercetin-3-O-(3-β-Dglucopyranosyl-2-rhamnopyranosil-4-glucopyranosyl-2-rhamnopyranosil)-glucoside (25) and 3',4'dimethoxyquercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (26). GC-MS analysis of the essential oil highlighted the occurrence of aliphatic compounds, mainly fatty acids, whereas labdane-type compounds were very scant. Our results showed that C. creticus subsp. eriocephalus has a different chemical profile with respect to the other subspecies due to the lack of labdane derivatives. On the other hand, this subspecies contains several phenolic constituents like ellagitannins, gallotannins and flavonoids, some of which can be of chemotaxonomic valu
The Chemical Constituents and the Hepatoprotective Effect of the Essential Oil Isolated from Ferulago campestris (Besser) Grecescu (Apiaceae) Fruits
No full textFerulago campestris (Besser) Grecescu (Apiaceae), a perennial herb, has been traditionally used for the treatment of intestinal worms, haemorrhoids, ulcers, snake bites, as well as headache and diseases of the spleen. Here, we distilled the essential oil of F. campestris (OFC) and investigated its protective effect on D-galactosamine /lipopolysacchride (GalN/LPS) induced liver injury in rats. The major fraction of OFC was given by monoterpene hydrocarbons (78.8%) such as myrcene (33.4%) α-pinene (23.0%) and γ-terpinene (10.9%). Oral administration of OFC 20 and 50 mg/kg dramatically inhibited GalN/LPS-induced serum elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and significantly ameliorated liver injury as evidence in H&E staining. Furthermore, real-time PCR assay showed that OFC treatment significantly inhibited GalN/LPS-induced mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in liver tissues. In addition, western blotting assay showed that OFC treatment significantly reversed GalN/LPS-induced protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 and -7, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL in liver tissues. In conclusion, this study showed that OFC protect GalN/LPS-induced liver injury in rats
Characterization of the mushroom-like flavour of Melittis melissophyllum L. subsp. melissophyllum by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Full text linkIsofuranodiene, the main volatile constituent of wild celery (Smyrnium olusatrum L.), protects D-galactosamin/lipopolysaccharide induced liver injury in rats
No full textIsofuranodiene is a natural sesquiterpene rich occurring in Smyrnium olusatrum, a forgotten culinary herb which was marginalised after the domestication of the improved form of celery. Our recent data showed that isofuranodiene inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in cancer cells. In this study, we investigated its protective effect on d-galactosamine/lipopolysacchride (GalN/LPS)-induced liver injury in SD rats. Oral administration of isofuranodiene (20 and 50 mg/kg) dramatically inhibited GalN/LPS-induced serum elevation of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and malondialdehyde levels, and significantly ameliorated liver injury as evidenced by the histological improvement in H&E staining. Furthermore, isofuranodiene treatment significantly inhibited GalN/LPS-induced mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in liver tissues. The results from this study showed that isofuranodiene protects GalN/LPS-induced liver injury in SD rats and suggested that it may be a potential functional food ingredient for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Isofuranodiene is the main volatile constituent of Smyrnium perfoliatum L. subsp. perfoliatum growing in central Italy
No full textThe essential oil hydrodistilled from the aerial parts of Smyrnium perfoliatum subsp. perfoliatum growing in central Italy was analised by GC-MS. The main peak in the gas chromatogram was given by the furanosesquiterpene curzerene which is the Cope rearrangement product of isofuranodiene formed into injector and column during the gas chromatographic run. A truthful quantification of these compounds was achieved by HPLC-DAD analysis which showed that isofuranodiene is the main volatile component (180.0 mg/g eo) of S. perfoliatum subsp. perfoliatum, while curzerene occurs in small amounts (18.1 mg/g eo)
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