1,721,466 research outputs found
Is there a difference between chronic airway inflammation in chronic severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
No full textPURPOSE OF REVIEW: The lack of a universally accepted definition of chronic severe asthma and the continuous changes in the classification of the severity of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the last 10 years make it difficult to compare the many studies available. The aim of the review is to compare studies on chronic severe asthma that have a control group of patients with mild to moderate persistent asthma and studies on stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that have an age-matched control group of smokers with normal lung function (with or without chronic bronchitis). RECENT FINDINGS: Our review of the recent literature in this field seems to indicate that chronic airway inflammation in chronic severe asthma is characterized in most cases, both in central and peripheral airways, by the same pathological features of mild-moderate persistent asthma with an increased number of activated T lymphocytes, particularly CD4 Th2 cells, and sometimes eosinophils and mast cells. The most notable difference of chronic severe asthma compared with mild to moderate disease is the increased number of neutrophils. Chronic airway inflammation in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized, both in central and peripheral airways, by an increased number of T lymphocytes, particularly CD8+, macrophages and neutrophils. Macrophage and neutrophil counts increase with the progression of the severity of the disease. SUMMARY: These differences in chronic airway inflammation support the consensus that asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are different diseases along all their stages of severity
Design of a protease and ROS responsive biomaterial approach to target drug delivery in inflamed tissue microenvironment
No full textDesign of a protease and ROS responsive biomaterial approach to target drug delivery in inflamed tissue microenvironment
No full textIs there a difference between chronic airway inflammation in chronic severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
No full textPURPOSE OF REVIEW: The lack of a universally accepted definition of chronic severe asthma and the continuous changes in the classification of the severity of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the last 10 years make it difficult to compare the many studies available. The aim of the review is to compare studies on chronic severe asthma that have a control group of patients with mild to moderate persistent asthma and studies on stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that have an age-matched control group of smokers with normal lung function (with or without chronic bronchitis). RECENT FINDINGS: Our review of the recent literature in this field seems to indicate that chronic airway inflammation in chronic severe asthma is characterized in most cases, both in central and peripheral airways, by the same pathological features of mild-moderate persistent asthma with an increased number of activated T lymphocytes, particularly CD4 Th2 cells, and sometimes eosinophils and mast cells. The most notable difference of chronic severe asthma compared with mild to moderate disease is the increased number of neutrophils. Chronic airway inflammation in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized, both in central and peripheral airways, by an increased number of T lymphocytes, particularly CD8+, macrophages and neutrophils. Macrophage and neutrophil counts increase with the progression of the severity of the disease. SUMMARY: These differences in chronic airway inflammation support the consensus that asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are different diseases along all their stages of severity
The Mahabharata / Srimad Bhagavata - in the Poet’s Own Words by Pandit A M Srinivasachariar Book Review Prabuddha Bharata June 2010
No full textThe Mahabharata / Srimad Bhagavata - in the Poet’s Own Words by Pandit A M Srinivasachariar Book Review Prabuddha Bharata June 201
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Synthetic/ECM-inspired hybrid platform for hollow microcarriers with ROS-triggered nanoporation hallmarks
Full text linkReactive oxygen species (ROS) are key pathological signals expressed in inflammatory diseases such as cancer, ischemic conditions and atherosclerosis. An ideal drug delivery system should not only be responsive to these signals but also should not elicit an unfavourable host response. This study presents an innovative platform for drug delivery where a natural/synthetic composite system composed of collagen type I and a synthesized polythioether, ensures a dual stimuli-responsive behaviour. Collagen type I is an extracellular matrix constituent protein, responsive to matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) cleavage per se. Polythioethers are stable synthetic polymers characterized by the presence of sulphur, which undergoes a ROS-responsive swelling switch. A polythioether was synthesised, functionalized and tested for cytotoxicity. Optimal conditions to fabricate a composite natural/synthetic hollow sphere construct were optimised by a template-based method. Collagen-polythioether hollow spheres were fabricated, revealing uniform size and ROS-triggered nanoporation features. Cellular metabolic activity of H9C2 cardiomyoblasts remained unaffected upon exposure to the spheres. Our natural/synthetic hollow microspheres exhibit the potential for use as a pathological stimuli-responsive reservoir system for applications in inflammatory diseases
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
