1,720,958 research outputs found
Pensiero radicale. Sulla prassi istituente
No full textL’Almanacco di Filosofia e Politica, diretto da Roberto Esposito, rappresenta uno spazio aperto per la riflessione filosofica sulla politica, e ne esplora lo statuto, le crisi, le potenzialità. A differenza di una ricerca storico-filologica sui concetti politici, o di a un’analisi empirica di natura sociologica e politologica sulla cronaca politica, il suo obiettivo primario è sviluppare nuove categorie concettuali in grado di aprire varchi in un orizzonte apparentemente chiuso. Contro la tendenza contemporanea a frammentare e scomporre la lotta politica in individualismi identitari, questo sesto numero è dedicato alla definizione e alla discussione di un pensiero radicale che, anziché contrapporre le parti, le articoli, combinando in maniera creativa ordine e conflitto. Nessun dualismo inconciliabile, dunque, ma una prospettiva rigorosamente filosofica per comprendere come le categorie di prassi e istituzione, apparentemente distanti, possano invece connettersi e integrarsi reciprocamente.
La prima sezione raccoglie gli interventi di affermati pensatori contemporanei come Roberto Esposito, Donatella Di Cesare, Christoph Menke, Giuseppe Duso, Yannis Stavrakakis e Camilla Vergara. La seconda è dedicata ai lavori del Seminario Permanente di Filosofia e Politica della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa e contiene i saggi di Laura Cremonesi, Mattia Di Pierro, Rita Fulco, Francesco Marchesi, Alberto Martinengo, Andrea Moresco, Matteo Polleri. Nell’Archivio, trova infine posto un testo inedito di Neal Wood
Le sujet vivant. Repenser la subjectivité avec Plessner et Merleau-Ponty
Full text linkLa tesi sviluppa un “dialogo virtuale” tra Helmuth Plessner (1892-1985) e Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908-1961) e dimostra che le riflessioni dei due filosofi permettono di superare l’alternativa tra il soggetto della tradizione filosofica moderna e la dissoluzione strutturalistica e post-strutturalistica del soggetto. La tesi è divisa in tre parti, intitolate rispettivamente “Il punto di partenza”, “Le strade si incrociano” e “Una terza via”. I percorsi teorici di Plessner e Merleau-Ponty hanno lo stesso punto di partenza, ovvero il superamento del dualismo cartesiano da un punto di vista epistemologico (primo capitolo) e ontologico (secondo capitolo). In secondo luogo, si “incrociano” in diversi punti: i due capitoli della seconda parte affrontano le loro convergenze nei campi dell’antropologia filosofica, della filosofia della storia e della filosofia della natura. Nella terza parte, dopo aver messo in luce le differenze (talvolta notevoli) tra Plessner e Merleau-Ponty, si mostra infine come i loro percorsi teorici condividano una direzione comune. Questa viene presentata come una “terza via” nel dibattito filosofico del XX secolo sulla soggettività e sulla libertà.The dissertation develops a “virtual dialogue” between Helmuth Plessner (1892-1985) and Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908-1961) and shows that their philosophies enable to overcome the alternative between the subject of the modern philosophical tradition and the structuralist and post-structuralist dissolution of the subject. The dissertation is divided into three parts, respectively entitled “The Starting Point”, “The Paths Cross” and “A Third Way”. The theoretical paths of Plessner and Merleau-Ponty share the same starting point, namely the overcoming of Cartesian dualism from an epistemological (first chapter) and ontological (second chapter) point of view. Secondly, they “cross each other” at several points: the two chapters of the second part address their convergences in the fields of philosophical anthropology, philosophy of history and philosophy of nature. In the third part, after highlighting the (sometimes considerable) differences between Plessner and Merleau-Ponty, it is finally shown how their theoretical paths share a common direction. This is presented as a “third way” in the 20th century philosophical debate on subjectivity and freedom.La thèse développe un « dialogue virtuel » entre Helmuth Plessner (1892-1985) et Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908-1961) et démontre que les réflexions des deux philosophes permettent de dépasser l’alternative entre le sujet de la tradition philosophique moderne et la dissolution structuraliste et post-structuraliste du sujet. La thèse est divisée en trois parties, respectivement intitulées « Le point de départ », « Les chemins se croisent » et « Une troisième voie ». Les chemins théoriques de Plessner et de Merleau-Ponty partagent le même point de départ, à savoir le dépassement du dualisme cartésien d’un point de vue épistémologique (premier chapitre) et ontologique (deuxième chapitre). Ensuite, ils se « croisent » en plusieurs points : les deux chapitres de la deuxième partie abordent leurs convergences dans les domaines de l’anthropologie philosophique, de la philosophie de l’histoire et de la philosophie de la nature. Dans la troisième partie, après avoir souligné les différences (parfois considérables) entre Plessner et Merleau-Ponty, on montre enfin que leurs chemins théoriques partagent une direction commune. Celle-ci est présentée comme une « troisième voie » dans le débat philosophique du 20e siècle sur la subjectivité et la liberté
From the harmony to the tension: Helmuth Plessner and Kurt Goldstein’s readings of Jakob von Uexküll
Full text linkThis paper investigates the reception and discussion of Jakob von
Uexküll’s biological theory by two German thinkers of his time, Helmuth Pless-
ner and Kurt Goldstein. It demonstrates how their bio-philosophical perspectives
are on the one hand indebted to Uexküll’s theory and, on the other, critical of its
tendency to excessively harmonize the relationship between living beings and their
environment. This original critical reading of the Umweltlehre is rooted in ambigui-
ties within Uexküll’s own thought - between a dynamic conception of the organism-
environment relationship and the idea of "conformity to a plan" -, , which is here
examined in the second section. In the third and fourth sections we will then focus
on Plessner and Goldstein respectively, demonstrating how for these two authors
the harmony between organism and environment is not an original state, but only
reveals itself against the background of a tension; as such, it can only be partial,
unstable and always changing. The two thinkers avoid the rigid alternative between
Darwin’s concept of adaptation (Anpassung) and Uexküll’s “fitting into” (Einpas-
sung) by theorizing the ideal state of the relationship between organism and envi-
ronment in terms of “adequacy” (Adäquatheit) and “adaptability” (Adaptiertheit).
Between organism and environment there is neither absolute separation nor perfect
harmony, but rather a gap which can never be definitively fixed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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