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Relation Between the Plant Size and Occurrence of Fasciated Flower Stalk in Japanese Ever-Season Radish
No full text1.本試驗自民國五十三年一月一日開始至五十四年六月底止結東,自五十三年一月一日至十二月一日每月初播種一次,共分十二次播種,試驗地點在海拔2250公尺,年平均溫度12.5。C之福壽山農場進行。
2.在年平均溫度12.5。C之福壽山農塲,十月一日至十二月一日,一月一日至三月一日播種者,苗體發育不大,平均直徑最小2.6分,最大6.76公分,至抽苔季節,花序正常,分枝整齊,結籽良好。
3.自四月一日至九月一日播種者,苗體直徑平均在7.5公分以上,雖能抽苔,花序呰成畸形,畸形花序之頂端,略現花朶,均花而不實,無種孒可收。
4.花序正常之植株,單株種孒收量,以早播者較晚播者為多,種子形粒大小,亦以早播者較晚播者大。
5.在年平均溫18。C以上之地區,歷年試驗,不論大苗,小苗,均難抽苔開花。
1. In this experiment the author studied the relation between the Plant sue and occurrence of fasciated flower sta1k in connection With the seed production of Jpanese ever-season radish.
2. As the seed production of Japanese ever-season radish was
impossible in the area Where the annual mean temperature exceeds 18。C, the experiment was carried out at the Fu Show-Shan Farm ( 2,250 meter altitude, annual mean temperature 12.5。 C ), Taichung
prefecture during the period of January 1964 to June 1965. The radish seeds were sown on the first day of each month in 1964. The plants which were sown in January, February, and March bolted and flowered in the same year, others bolted and flowered in the next year.
3. It is note worthy that the occurrence of fasciated flower stalk were closely related with plant size, other words, the plants which were sown from April to September had large plant size at flowering season, and all of these plants bolted fasciated flower stalks. No seed was obtained from these plants. On the other hand the plants which were sown in January' February' March, October November, and December bolted flowered, and produced seeds normally in spite Of they were small in plant Size. The author also observed that early seeding resulted in higher production of seeds
(13(1):28-31)金門早生球莖甘藍種子大小試驗報告
No full text1. Influenced by the factors such as the environment of seed-picking place, time of planting, fertilizing, management and the different part of picking, picked the seeds of same variety may inevitably have different size.
2 Kinmen Early kohlrabi cultivated at Kinmen did not grow well because of dry weather. The size of seeds had obvious difference.
3. The large size seeds have strong organism and promising development, they can be kept longer and still reserve life, medium and small size seeds have weak organism, they can lose their life very shortly in storage.
4. The size of seeds does not affect the yield. The medium and small size seeds can product more than the large size ones. But the germination of the former is not good, and their life can not last long in storage.
1. 同品種蔬菜種子，受採種地環境、栽植期早晚、施肥、管理以及採種部位之不同等諸因子之影響，所採種子難免有大小不齊之實際情形。
2. 在金門採種之早生球莖甘藍，受天氣長期乾旱，發育未能十分充分，致種子形粒大小差別甚大。
3. 大粒種子發育充實，生活機能亦強，故在貯藏中不易失去生命。中小粒種子，因生活機能不強，在貯藏中易於消失生命。
4. 在產量方面，不因種子形粒變小而有差別。反而中、小粒種子之產量較大粒種子為多。中、小粒種子發芽不佳，且在貯藏中易於消失生命，實為美中不足之處
Study on the Physiological and Morphological Characters upon the Seeds of Tah-Mei-Hwa Radish Produced in Difference Origins
No full text一、大梅花蘿蔔種子因採種地環境之不同，影響種子之大小，可超過一倍以上，海拔1,200公尺之南山村採種者，每1,000粒種子重量為11. 94公克，平地海岸布袋地區採種者，為5 . 9 17公克。 二、粗蛋白質之含量，小粒種子較多於大粒種子，粗脂肪之含量，大粒種子較多於小粒種子。 三、播種後20天，幼苗生長情形， 不論幼苗直徑、子葉大小、幼莖高度，低海拔地區之小粒種子，均較高海拔地區之大粒種子為小。 四、成苗之生長速度，至最後收穫時之真葉數相同，其高度約略相等，但在生育中期，播種後60天調查，大粒種子仍見優勢。五、至最後收穫時調查塊根收量，高海拔地區生產之大粒種子，產量均多於低海拔地區生產之小粒種子。 六、至於塊根形態之變異，空心以及皮厚程度， 塊根頂端直徑之變化， 塊根佔葉重之百分比，無明顯之區別。
1, Both the size and weight of 1,000 seeds were much affected by origins having different environmental conditions. For instance, the weight of Pu-Tai. 2. The crude protein contents of smaller seeds were higher than larger seeds. But the contents of crude fat showed reverse order. 3. At the 20 days after sowing, the growths of seedlings got from large seeds were faster than those of small seeds. At the harvesting time, the differences of the plant height were not significant. 4. The plots of larger seed showed higher yields than those of the smaller seeds. The differences were from 14 to 54%. The shape of roots were not significantly affected by seed sizes. 5. The author considers that the large seeds are rich in vitality, therefore the seedling may grow rapidly and vigorously inspite of the unfavorable conditions, such as drought, insect or disease damages
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
(10(2):16-24)TEST ON THE SEED PRODUCTION OF KINMEN EARLY KOHLRABI
No full text1.金門早生球莖甘藍在臺灣北部平地，可以抽苔開花結籽，但在盛花期中，因春雨綿綿不停，土壤排水不良之地，收籽甚難，且形質極差。
2.海拔370M之深坑砲仔崙山地，及海拔470~690M 之陽明山山仔後，竹子湖山地，土質鬚鬆，排水良好，雖春季多雨，仍可結籽優良，其種予形質亦佳。
3.海拔1020M之西寶農場，春季氣候穩定，雨水亦少，為採種之合適環境，不特單株收量豐富，且種子形質亦良。
4.海拔2248M之福壽山農場，春季溫度昇高極緩，延至夏初抽苔開花，至種子結實成熟時期之六、七月間，適為夏季雨期，豪雨連綿，雖可收得種子，不特產量不豐，且處理上困難特多。
5.如原種育成完善，採種圃生產種子，可免選種移值，以節省勞力，而增種子懂量；為謀單位面積收量之增多，在合適之環境採種，可儘量提早栽植。
1. Kinmen Early Kohlrabi is capable of bolting, flowering and seeding in northern plain of Taiwan. However, owing to long-period spring rain, seedings are difficult in ill-draind paddy field, and their characteristics are low.
2. Mountain areas of Shen-kang, Pao-tzu-lun (altitude 370 m.) and Yangmingshan, Shan-tzu-hou, Chu-tzu-hu (altitude 470-660 m.) have well-drainage soil. Seedings are good despite of spring rain, the characteristics of the seeds are also good.
3. Hsi-pao Farm (altitude 1,020 m.) has less rain, and a still spring weather, there-fore, is a suitable place for seed-picking. Not only the single-plant harvests well, but also the characteristics of seeds are good.
4. Fushoushan Farm (altitude 2,248 m.) temperature picks up very slowly in spring, bolting and flowering must be as late as early summer, ripening stage is on June and July when comes upon rain season. Heavy rain makes harvest impossible, also difficulty in disposing the seeds.
5. If the original seed brings up well, seed produced from extension seed farm do not need to be selected and transplanted so as to save labour and stimulate seed production; in order to improve unit yield, it is recommended to plant earlier in suitable picking environment
(13(4):22-27)EXPERIMENT ON VEGETABLE SEED STORAGE IN VARIOUS KINDS OF CONTAINERS
No full text蔬菜種子在自然氣溫下貯藏，很易失去生命，因此關於各種貯藏方法之研究，國內外以住研究頗多，低溫乾燥貯藏，可保持壽命最久，卻因設備不易，為民間一般農戶和零售種子商，難以採用。作者有鑒及此，研究普遍能合實用的方法，於民國四十六年開始，至五十二年止，前後共計六年，獲得生石灰白鐵罐貯藏，可保持壽命數年不失。
1. In this experiment, the seed storage effect of a tin can and a glass desicca-tor with caustic lime or calcium chloride was studied.
2. From the data of this experiment, a tin can with caustic lime and a glass desiccator with calcium chloride showed good results.
3. Although glass desiccator is a common container for the use of seed storage, yet it has some faults. Those are expensive, difficult to convey, and easy to break. In view of these facts, we consider that the tin can is a more practical container to most of the local seed merchants or farmers in Taiwan.
4. When we store a large quantity of seeds in a tin can or a glass desiccator, the same weight of desiccative, such as calcium chloride, caustic lime should be put
(14(1):39-41)EXPERIMENT ON BREAKING THE DORMANT SEEDS OF BRASSICA JUNCEA COSS. VAR. MEGARRHIZA TSEN ET LEE
No full text據上各項處理成績之分析，雲南大頭菜種子之休眠，受環境因素之關係甚大，在產地因收穫後，沒有高溫，故休眠期甚短，收穫後之種子，隨即播種，仍可立即發芽，且發芽率高達99,5%。如收穫後之種子，携至平地，因氣溫突然昇高，和產地相差達10℃以上，可能因環境不適，即進入休眠期，發芽數字極微，此項休眠之打破，應用10℃，15℃低溫處理三天，可促進發芽率達90%以上，應用(Gibberellin)50－200PPM處理，亦可達93%以上之發芽率；其次硫尿(Thiourea)200PPM可促進發芽率68.5%；至於硝酸鉀(Potassium)，硫酸錏(Ammonium Thiocyanate)，增收素(Bene Plant)，愛多收(Atonik)打破休眠之效能不大。
The newly harvested seeds of Brassica juncea var. megarrhiza usually enter into the dormant stage under high temperature. Then we can not expect the germination of such seeds during the dormant stage unless we use artificial methods such as low temperature or chemical treatment to break dormancy.
In this experiment, we studied out the effects of low temperature or some chemicals including commercial plant growth substances on the dormant seeds of Brassica juncea var. megarrhiza. All the tested seeds were sown in petri dishes.
From the data obtained, we can see that all low temperature treatments (10°C and 15°C) and gibberellin treatments (50-200 p.p.m.) showed excellent results on breaking dormancy of the seeds. The percentage of germination exceeded 91 percent. The effects of other chemicals were low, but 2,000 p.p.m. thiourea treatment was rather satisfactory
(12(4):22-27)PRIMARY REPORT ON POT EXPERIMENTS OF VEGETABLES PLANTING IN FUSROUSHAN SOIL
No full text根據上述鳳山熱帶園藝試驗分所及臺灣省農業試驗所盆栽試驗結果，可歸納下列幾點結論：
1.福壽山土壤無肥盆栽試驗，鳳山與臺北兩試驗地之結果雖有出入，當初期生育情形比較，則屬一致，均呈萎縮難以生長狀態，而後期臺北試區之結果反較前者為佳；而在鳳山試區前後期均呈萎縮現象，可能臺北試區之四十日油菜耐酸性之能力較強之故。
2.兩地對照之園土無肥盆栽比較，雖生長並不十分理想，但無上述諸種缺點。由此可證明福壽山土壤不適蔬菜生長之主要原因，當在土壤中之酸度太高，而非氣候之關係。
3.福壽山土壤未種植前之pH測定為3.8－4.1，而鳳山土則為6.4，凡pH在4.0左右之高度強酸性土壤，一般作物實無法生育良好。
4.為謀改進此種強酸性土壤，乃進行有肥盆栽試驗，鳳山與臺北兩試驗地，加用適量腐熟堆肥及少量石炭，成效大增，鳳山試區經處理後之土壤產量增加60倍強，臺北試區則為5.5倍強。
Conclusions drawn from the pot experiments carried out in the Fengshan Tropical Horticultural Experiment Station and Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, are as follows:
1. The growth condition of vegetables cultivated in the soil from Fushoushan both in Fengshan and Taipei in the early stages are mainly the same; the tendency to wilter in the later stages, it was observed those experimented in the Fengshan area remained the same, whereas those in the Taipei area turned out to be a little better. The anti-acid ability of Forty-day Rape used in Taipei may be accounted for the difference.
2. Comparisons made by using soil of the check control area without fertilizer application show, though not very satisfactory, no evidence of the abovesaid defects. It, therefore, proves that the main reason why the soil of Fushoushan is not fit for growing vegetables has nothing to do with climate, but because of the concentration of acidity.
3. pH in the soil of Fushoushan prior to being used in the experiments has been tasted as 3.8-4.1, while that in Fengshan is 6.4. It is generally understood that highly acid-concentrated soil with pH around 4.0 is unfavorable for plant growing.
4. In order to improve the highly acid-concentrated soil pot experiment is used again by adding a suitable amount of rotten compost and some lime in both Fengshan and Taipei. The results are promising. Production improvement of more than 60 times as much as before, and that of the Taipei area shows an improvement of 5.5 times
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