883 research outputs found
NISS WebSwap: AWeb Service
No full textWeb Services are an exciting new form of distributed computing that allow users to invoke remote applications nearly transparently. National Institute of Statistical Sciences (NISS) has recently started hosting NISS Web Services as a service and example to the statistical sciences community. In this paper, we describe and provide usage information for NISS WebSwap, the initial NISS Web Service, which swaps one or more attributes (fields) between user-specified records in a microdata file, uploading the original data file from the user's computer and downloading the file containing the swapped records
PSYNDEX Tests Review für NISS - Need Inventory of Sensation Seeking - Fragebogen zur Erfassung des dispositionalen Bedürfnisses nach Stimulation
No full textThis is a PSYNDEX Tests Review of NISS - Need Inventory of Sensation Seeking - Fragebogen zur Erfassung des dispositionalen Bedürfnisses nach Stimulation. PSYNDEX Tests Reviews are written in German and describe and evaluate psychological and educational tests used in the German-speaking countries. PSYNDEX Tests is offered by the Leibniz Institute for Psychology as open access documentation.Das ist ein PSYNDEX Tests Review zu NISS - Need Inventory of Sensation Seeking - Fragebogen zur Erfassung des dispositionalen Bedürfnisses nach Stimulation. PSYNDEX Tests Reviews beschreiben und bewerten zentrale psychologische und pädagogische Testverfahren, die in den deutschsprachigen Ländern eingesetzt werden, nach einem standardisierten Raster. PSYNDEX Tests wird durch das Leibniz-Institut für Psychologie als Open Access Dokumentation angeboten.Diagnostische Zielsetzung: Beim NISS handelt es sich um einen Fragebogen zur Erfassung des überdauernden Bedürfnisses nach Stimulation. Es wurde für den Einsatz an Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen zwischen 14 und 79 Jahren entwickelt und ist sowohl in der Forschung als auch im klinischen sowie gesundheitspsychologischen Kontext einsetzbar. Hinsichtlich der beiden letzteren Einsatzbereiche eignet sich der Fragebogen insbesondere im Rahmen der Suchtdiagnostik. Aufbau: Der Fragebogen besteht aus 17 Items, die sich zwei verschiedenen Subskalen, der Skala "Bedürfnis nach Stimulation" (11 Items) und der Skala "Vermeidung von Ruhe" (6 Items) zuordnen lassen. Grundlagen und Konstruktion: Die Testkonstruktion beruht auf der Klassischen Testtheorie. Zur Erstellung der deutschsprachigen Fragebogenversion wurde ein Pool aus 27 Items generiert. Diese sollten möglichst körpernah formuliert sein und entsprechend des Bedürfniskonzeptes Zielzustände und weniger Verhaltensweisen beschreiben. Die Itemformulierung sollte weder sozial erwünschtes Antworten noch eine zu starke Assoziation mit Risiko anregen. Aus dem Itempool wurden von Experten 17 Items ausgewählt, die der Beschreibung eines Empfindungszustandes am nächsten kamen. Eine Faktorenanalyse an den Daten von 555 Mitarbeitern und Studierenden der Universität Düsseldorf deckte die beiden Faktoren "Bedürfnis nach Stimulation" und "Vermeidung von Ruhe" auf. Zur Erstellung der englischsprachigen Version erfolgte eine Übersetzung ins Englische und anschließend eine Rückübersetzung durch eine amerikanische Muttersprachlerin ins Deutsche. Nach einer weiteren Anpassung der Items wurden diese einer im Internet gewonnenenStichprobe (n = 146) vorgelegt. Eine konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse bestätigte die Passung der durch den englischsprachigen Fragebogen erhobenen Daten auf das vom deutschsprachigen Fragebogen abgeleitete Strukturmodell. Empirische Prüfung und Gütekriterien: Reliabilität: Die interne Konsistenz lag für die Skala BS bei Alpha = .95 und für die Skala VR bei Alpha = .88. Die Berechnung der internen Konsistenz für den Gesamtwert ergab ein Alpha von .91. Validität: Im Sinne der konvergenten Validität zeigten sich mittlere Zusammenhänge zwischen der Gesamtskala des NISS und den Gesamtwerten der SSS-V sowie dem AISS. Ebenfalls signifikant erwiesen sich die Zusammenhänge des SSS-V und AISS zu den beiden Subskalen BS (r = .25-.51) und VR (r = .25-.51). Zur Überprüfung der Konstruktvalidität wurden ferner Alters- und Geschlechtsunterschiede betrachtet. Hypothesenkonform konnte sowohl hinsichtlich des Gesamtwertes als auch in Bezug auf die Subskalen mit zunehmendem Alter eine kontinuierliche Abnahme des Sensation Seeking ermittelt werden. Frauen erreichten erwartungsgemäß in beiden Subskalen sowie auf der Gesamtskala geringere Werte. Zur Überprüfung der Kriteriumsvalidität wurde die berufliche Veränderungsbereitschaft untersucht. 105 Friseurinnen wurden entsprechend ihrer Intention, den Arbeitsplatz zu wechseln, und ihrer Bereitschaft, einen neuen Beruf zu erlernen, dichotomisiert. Sowohl anhand der Befunde des NISS als auch der SSS-Vkonnte belegt werden, dass Friseurinnen mit höheren Werten für Sensation Seeking eher von Intentionen berichteten, den Beruf zu wechseln (IAW) als auch einen neuen Beruf zu erlernen (BEE). Wurde das Alter als Kovariate einbezogen, zeigten sich die Zusammenhänge zwischen IAW/BEE und dem Konstrukt Sensation Seeking nur für die Daten des NISS. Entgegen bisheriger Forschungsbefunde gelang es außerdem mithilfe des NISS, die theoretisch bereits von Zuckerman angenommenen Unterschiede zwischen pathologischen Glücksspielern und Kontrollprobanden aufzudecken. Während sich Spielsüchtige in ihren Ergebnissen der SSS-V nicht von der KG unterschieden, zeigten sich im NISS Befunde, die für ein signifikant höher ausgeprägtes Sensation Seeking bei Spielsüchtigen sprachen. Normen: Zur Normierung stehen nach Alter und Geschlecht differenzierte T- und Prozentrangwerte zur Verfügung. Ferner liegen Normwerte für die Gesamtstichprobe vor. Zur Ermittlung der Normwerte wurde eine repräsentative Stichprobe von N = 2 339 Probanden herangezogen. Zum Normierungsjahr liegen im Manual keine Angaben vor.publishedVersio
Predictive ability of the ISS, NISS, and APACHE II score for SIRS and sepsis in polytrauma patients
No full textPurpose: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis as causes of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) remain challenging to treat in polytrauma patients. In this study, the focus was set on widely used scoring systems to assess their diagnostic quality.
Methods: A total of 512 patients (mean age: 39.2 ± 16.2, range: 16–88 years) who had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥17 were included in this retrospective study. The patients were subdivided into four groups: no SIRS, slight SIRS, severe SIRS, and sepsis. The ISS, New Injury Severity Score (NISS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, and prothrombin time were collected at admission. The Kruskal–Wallis test and χ2-test, multinomial regression analysis, and kernel density estimates were performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis is reported as the area under the curve (AUC). Data were considered as significant if p < 0.05.
Results: All variables were significantly different in all groups (p < 0.001). The odds ratio increased with increasing SIRS severity for NISS (slight vs. no SIRS, 1.06, p = 0.07; severe vs. no SIRS, 1.07, p = 0.04; and sepsis vs. no SIRS, 1.11, p = 0.0028) and APACHE II score (slight vs. no SIRS, 0.97, p = 0.44; severe vs. no SIRS, 1.08, p = 0.02; and sepsis vs. no SIRS, 1.12, p = 0.0028). ROC analysis revealed that the NISS (slight vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.61; severe vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.67; and sepsis vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.77) and APACHE II score (slight vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.60; severe vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.74; and sepsis vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.82) had the best predictive ability for SIRS and sepsis.
Conclusion: Quick assessment with the NISS or APACHE II score could preselect possible candidates for sepsis following polytrauma and provide guidance in trauma surgeons’ decision-making
NISS WebSwap: A Web Service for Data Swapping
No full textData swapping is a statistical disclosure limitation practice that alters records in the data to be released by switching values of attributes across pairs of records in a fraction of the original data. Web Services are an exciting new form of distributed computing that allow users to invoke remote applications nearly transparently. National Institute of Statistical Sciences (NISS) has recently started hosting NISS Web Services as a service and example to the statistical sciences community. In this paper we describe and provide usage information for NISS WebSwap the initial NISS Web Service, which swaps one or more attributes (fields) between user-specified records in a microdata file, uploading the original data file from the user's computer and downloading the file containing the swapped records.
New injury severity score (NISS) outperforms injury severity score (ISS) in the evaluation of severe blunt trauma patients
No full textPurpose: The injury severity score (ISS) and new injury severity score (NISS) have been widely used in trauma evaluation. However, which scoring system is better in trauma outcome prediction is still disputed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of the two scoring systems in predicting trauma outcomes, including mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and ICU length of stay. Methods: The data were collected retrospectively from three hospitals in Zhejiang province, China. The comparisons of NISS and ISS in predicting outcomes were performed by using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics. Results: A total of 1825 blunt trauma patients were enrolled in our study. Finally, 1243 patients were admitted to ICU, and 215 patients died before discharge. The ISS and NISS were equivalent in predicting mortality (area under ORC curve [AUC]: 0.886 vs. 0.887, p = 0.9113). But for the patients with ISS ≥25, NISS showed better performance in predicting mortality. NISS was also significantly better than ISS in predicting ICU admission and prolonged ICU length of stay. Conclusion: NISS outperforms ISS in predicting the outcomes for severe blunt trauma and can be an essential supplement of ISS. Considering the convenience of NISS in calculation, it is advantageous to promote NISS in China’s primary hospitals
The counterintuitive effect of multiple injuries in severity scoring: a simple variable improves the predictive ability of NISS
No full textAbstract Background Injury scoring is important to formulate prognoses for trauma patients. Although scores based on empirical estimation allow for better prediction, those based on expert consensus, e.g. the New Injury Severity Score (NISS) are widely used. We describe how the addition of a variable quantifying the number of injuries improves the ability of NISS to predict mortality. Methods We analyzed 2488 injury cases included into the trauma registry of the Italian region Emilia-Romagna in 2006-2008 and assessed the ability of NISS alone, NISS plus number of injuries, and the maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) to predict in-hospital mortality. Hierarchical logistic regression was used. We measured discrimination through the C statistics, and calibration through Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics, Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and calibration curves. Results The best discrimination and calibration resulted from the model with NISS plus number of injuries, followed by NISS alone and then by the maximum AIS (C statistics 0.775, 0.755, and 0.729, respectively; AIC 1602, 1635, and 1712, respectively). The predictive ability of all the models improved after inclusion of age, gender, mechanism of injury, and the motor component of Glasgow Coma Scale (C statistics 0.889, 0.898, and 0.901; AIC 1234, 1174, and 1167). The model with NISS plus number of injuries still showed the best performances, this time with borderline statistical significance. Conclusions In NISS, the same weight is assigned to the three worst injuries, although the contribution of the second and third to the probability of death is smaller than that of the worst one. An improvement of the predictive ability of NISS can be obtained adjusting for the number of injuries.</p
Predictive ability of the ISS, NISS, and APACHE II score for SIRS and sepsis in polytrauma patients
No full textPurpose: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis as causes of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) remain challenging to treat in polytrauma patients. In this study, the focus was set on widely used scoring systems to assess their diagnostic quality. Methods: A total of 512 patients (mean age: 39.2±16.2, range: 16-88years) who had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥17 were included in this retrospective study. The patients were subdivided into four groups: no SIRS, slight SIRS, severe SIRS, and sepsis. The ISS, New Injury Severity Score (NISS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, and prothrombin time were collected at admission. The Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2-test, multinomial regression analysis, and kernel density estimates were performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis is reported as the area under the curve (AUC). Data were considered as significant if p<0.05. Results: All variables were significantly different in all groups (p<0.001). The odds ratio increased with increasing SIRS severity for NISS (slight vs. no SIRS, 1.06, p=0.07; severe vs. no SIRS, 1.07, p=0.04; and sepsis vs. no SIRS, 1.11, p=0.0028) and APACHE II score (slight vs. no SIRS, 0.97, p=0.44; severe vs. no SIRS, 1.08, p=0.02; and sepsis vs. no SIRS, 1.12, p=0.0028). ROC analysis revealed that the NISS (slight vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.61; severe vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.67; and sepsis vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.77) and APACHE II score (slight vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.60; severe vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.74; and sepsis vs. no SIRS, AUC 0.82) had the best predictive ability for SIRS and sepsis. Conclusion: Quick assessment with the NISS or APACHE II score could preselect possible candidates for sepsis following polytrauma and provide guidance in trauma surgeons' decision-makin
Assess The Accuracy Of Predictive Scores TRISS, NISS, And APACHE II In Predicting Mortality Among Trauma Patients In Tertiary Care Hospital In South India.
No full textAIM: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of TRISS, NISS, and APACHE II scoring systems in predicting mortality among trauma patients. Obejctives: To assess the accuracy of the TRISS, NISS, and APACHE II scores in predicting mortality among trauma patients.To identify different trauma subgroups based on injury mechanism with Status of Patient Survivor.Methodology: Study Design: A retrospective cohort observational study (based on data availability) to evaluate and compare the predictive efficacy of TRISS, NISS, and APACHE II scoring systems among the trauma patient’s mortality. Study Area: Conducted at the Tertiary Care Centre in south India, SRIHER, Chennai. Sample Size:70 Samples doing has a pilot study. Study Population: Patients who admitted with aged 18 years and above within 24 hours of the traumatic event or traumatic injuries, regardless of the mechanism (blunt, penetrating, or others). Result: The study analysed the demographic, trauma scores, and mechanisms of injury data for 70 patients to assess their association with survival outcomes. Age showed no significant association with survival status (p = 0.98), suggesting it does not significantly contribute to trauma score prediction in this cohort. Gender was found to be significantly associated with survival (p = 0.05), with males showing a higher survival rate compared to females. Trauma Scores: The NISS score did not show a significant association with survival (p = 0.91), indicating it is not a reliable predictor in this context. The TRISS score demonstrated borderline statistical significance (p = 0.05), suggesting it has better predictive capabilities compared to the other scoring systems. The APACHE II score showed a trend toward significance (p = 0.06), but it did not meet the threshold for statistical significance. Among the trauma scoring systems, the TRISS score outperformed the NISS and APACHE II scores in predicting mortality, as indicated by the ROC curve analysis. Mechanism of Injury: The mechanism of injury showed a trend toward statistical significance (p = 0.07). Blunt trauma was associated with the only non-survivor in the study, while penetrating and other injury types were linked exclusively to survivors.
Conclusion: The TRISS score was the most reliable tool for predicting survival outcomes among trauma patients in this study, with borderline significance. Gender and mechanisms of injury showed potential associations with survival status, while age, NISS, and APACHE II scores were not strong predictors in this sample. Future studies with larger samples may help clarify these trends and improve predictive accuracy for trauma care
The risk of early mortality of polytrauma patients associated to ISS, NISS, APACHE II values and prothrombin time
No full textBACKGROUND: The early hemodynamic normalization of polytrauma patients may lead to better survival outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic quality of trauma and physiological scores from widely used scoring systems in polytrauma patients. METHODS: In total, 770 patients with ISS > 16 who were admitted to a trauma center within the first 24 hours after injury were included in this retrospective study. The patients were subdivided into three groups: those who died on the day of admission, those who died within the first three days, and those who survived for longer than three days. ISS, NISS, APACHE II score, and prothrombin time were recorded at admission. RESULTS: The descriptive statistics for early death in polytrauma patients who died on the day of admission, 1--3 days after admission, and > 3 days after admission were: ISS of 41.0, 34.0, and 29.0, respectively; NISS of 50.0, 50.0, and 41.0, respectively; APACHE II score of 30.0, 25.0, and 15.0, respectively; and prothrombin time of 37.0%, 56.0%, and 84%, respectively. These data indicate that prothrombin time (AUC: 0.89) and APACHE II (AUC: 0.88) have the greatest prognostic utility for early death. CONCLUSION: The estimated densities of the scores may suggest a direction for resuscitative procedures in polytrauma patients.Trial registration: "Retrospektive Analysen in der Chirurgischen Intensivmedizin" StV01-2008.http://www.kek.zh.ch/internet/gesundheitsdirektion/kek/de/home.html
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