South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH - Universität Bielefeld)
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Influence Of Performance Appraisal On Satisfaction Of Employees In It Sector
Get PDFThe implementation of performance appraisal is widespread, and it is a significant tool by which the IT sectors can maximize the potential of human resources. The purpose of this study is to investigate how performance appraisal influences the employee’s employees satisfaction. Suitable methodology is used for this research research, entailing the data collections and analyses from databases. Based on the results, it was found that the experience of a positive performance appraisal raises not only employees trust and clarity but also the employees satisfaction. Furthermore, appraisal assists employees by highlighting the company\u27s dedication to address their requirements and support their role in development. In order to increase employees satisfaction, the study emphasizes the values of trust, clarity, adaptability, communication, fairness and relation with peers and supervisors carrying out efficient performance appraisal
Prevention Of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus In High-Risk Adults Using Lifestyle Interventions In Primary Care Settings: A Scoping Review
Get PDFBackground: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major global health concern, with rising prevalence among adults at high risk due to obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and genetic predisposition. Primary care settings offer a strategic platform for implementing lifestyle interventions aimed at prevention.
Objective: This scoping review aims to map global evidence on the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in preventing T2DM among high-risk adults within primary care and community-based settings.
Methods: Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2000 and 2023. Eligible studies included adults aged 18 and above at high risk for T2DM, and evaluated lifestyle interventions—dietary changes, physical activity, and weight management—delivered through primary care or community channels.
Results: Thirty studies met inclusion criteria, predominantly randomized controlled trials and implementation studies. Combined lifestyle interventions significantly reduced the incidence of T2DM, with sustained weight loss emerging as the most consistent predictor of success. Group-based programs and culturally tailored approaches enhanced feasibility and adherence. However, implementation barriers such as limited resources, staff training, and participant engagement were noted, particularly in low-resource settings.
Conclusion: Lifestyle interventions in primary care are effective in preventing T2DM among high-risk adults. Scaling these interventions requires contextual adaptation, policy support, and sustainable delivery models. Future research should focus on long-term outcomes and strategies to overcome implementation challenges
Etiology And Risk Factors For Hospital-Acquired Diarrhea In Children
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Hospital-acquired diarrhea (HAD) remains an underrecognized healthcare-associated infection in low- and middle-income countries, with limited regional data from Iraq. This study aimed to investigate the etiology, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of HAD among hospitalized adults in Erbil’s tertiary care hospitals.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out for the duration of January to December 2024 in three major hospitals in Erbil, involving 300 children patients (≤18 years) who developed diarrhea ≥ 72 hours after hospital admission. Sociodemographic, clinical, and microbiological data were collected through standardized data collection forms, and stool samples were tested by using culture methods, RT-PCR and parasitological methods.
Results: Of the 300 participants (mean age =10.41 ± 5.06 years; 56.6% male), 66.7% had identifiable pathogens. Bacterial pathogens predominated (E. coli 9.7%, C. difficile 13.0%, Salmonella 5.0%, Shigella 4.3%; p = 0.043), followed by viral (rotavirus 10.0%, norovirus 7.3%, adenovirus 5.0%) and parasitic (Giardia 7.7%, Cryptosporidium 5.0%) infections. The majority occurred in medical wards (40.7%) with mean diarrhea frequency of 5.85 ± 2.82 episodes/day. Significant risk factors included antibiotic exposure (73.3%; p < 0.001), particularly meropenem (19.3%) and azithromycin (16.7%), and proton pump inhibitor use (57.0%; p = 0.006). The mean hospital stay was 12.33 ± 7.46 days.
Conclusion: HAD in hospitals in Erbil is primarily of bacterial origin, most notably Clostridium difficile, and is significantly associated with the use of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors. Thus, measures to advance antimicrobial stewardship, infection control, and diagnostic surveillance are necessary to limit in-hospital transmission, and improve patient care
The Influence Of Artificial Intelligence Auto Verification As An Intervention On Bpjs Claim Output: A Case Study At Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital Medan
Get PDFBackground: Hospitals are healthcare facilities that provide specialized medical treatment, care, and services to individuals in need of diagnosis, treatment, and recovery from illness, injury, or other health conditions. Hospitals are usually equipped with a variety of medical professionals, including doctors, nurses, and support staff, and offer a wide range of services (Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2020). Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital Medan is a leading healthcare facility located in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Established under the ownership of PT Murni Sadar Tbk, the hospital aims to provide high-quality medical services to the community. For the continuity of health services provided and legal interests, hospitals are required to conduct medical record activities to ensure patient safety. According to the Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 24 of 2022, Medical Records are files containing records and documents on patient data containing patient identity, examination, treatment, actions, and other services that have been provided to patients (Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2022). Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital Medan develops electronic medical records to perform official patient documentation. An Electronic Medical Record (EMR) is a digitized version of a patient¹s paper medical record.
Objective: This study aims to analyze the influence of several factors on the output of BPJS claims at Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital Medan, especially in overcoming the problem of pending claims that can hamper hospital cash flow.
Methods: This study used an experimental approach with pre-test and post-test methods to measure the effectiveness of implementing the AI Auto Verification model in overcoming obstacles that cause pending claims on BPJS claims at Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital Medan. This approach was conducted by comparing conditions before and after the use of AI through data collection using a questionnaire before the use of the AI Auto Verification model (control) and a questionnaire after the use of the AI Auto Verification model (experimental). Thus, this study can provide a more in-depth analysis of the extent to which the application of the Auto Verification model is able to overcome inhibiting factors, such as the completeness of administration/files, errors in coding, and factors related to machines and manpower.
Results: Based on the results of previous research conducted by Cathryn Gabriella (2020) on the factors affecting the return of BPJS claims for inpatients at Fatmawati Government General Hospital in March - May 2020 there were 218 inpatient claim files returned, consisting of three types of returns, namely due to Membership Administration Factors 1.8%, Service Administration Verification 17%, and Service Verification 81.2%.² The return factor caused by service verification is the most common return factor at Fatmawati Government General Hospital in 2020. Based on other research at Fatmawati Government General Hospital in 2016 on the return of BPJS claims for inpatients in January - April there were 1719 claims returned, consisting of four categories, namely Administrative Improvements 19%, Borrowed Status 7%, Confirmation of Coding 36%, and Completeness of Resume 38%, of the four factors, the most returns came from the Completeness of Resume category 38%.
Conclusion: This analysis will change the BPJS claim variables after the implementation of the Auto Verification model, to test whether there is an increased impact of file completeness, coding accuracy, and optimization of human and machine resources in the BPJS claim process. The results of the analysis show a significant difference between before and after the implementation of AI, so it can be concluded that the AI Auto Verification model is an effective solution to overcome the various obstacles that cause BPJS claims.  
Applications of Rapid Prototyping in Dentistry
Get PDFRapid prototyping (RP) technology has revolutionized dentistry by integrating computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) to enhance precision, efficiency, and customization in dental applications. RP enables the fabrication of accurate anatomical models, surgical guides, prostheses, and orthodontic devices, reducing manual intervention and improving patient outcomes. The key RP techniques include stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), inkjet-based 3D printing, and fused deposition modeling (FDM), each offering unique advantages in dental applications. While RP significantly enhances treatment planning, fabrication speed, and accuracy, challenges such as high costs, equipment maintenance, and material limitations remain. The continuous advancements in RP, including AI integration and bioprinting, promise to further transform digital dentistry
Experimental Study On Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Act Out Method On Deficiency Of Outdoor Game Among School Children At Selected Areas Of Visnagar
Get PDFBackground: outdoor play or simply spending time outdoors is beneficial for healthy growth and development among children. .Opportunities for children to engage with outdoor, natural environments may continue to decrease in a constantly evolving socio-environmental world. This prospect became realized with our current experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, where the mass home-confinement directives and restrictions on the use of public outdoor spaces are deterring outdoor play among children. Method: Pre-experimental research design was utilized, Where 60 school children selected through convenient sampling technique. The data collection entailed demographic information and assessment of act out method questionnaire which helps to assess the knowledge regarding outdoor game. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis, where frequency distribution, percentage analysis, mean, standard deviation, and chi-square test of association were applied.Result: The pre-test results indicated that 75% of the participants had Inadequate, 25% moderate adequate, and 0% adequate. The post-test indicated a considerable decrease in score with 8.33% having Inadequate , 13.33% having moderate adequate, and 78.33% have adequate. A statistically significant difference between pre-test and post-test pain scores was noted (p < 0.005), indicating the effectiveness of act out method.Conclusion: The study were need of school children to conduct traning programme regarding outdoor game among school of visnagar. The study reveals that the level of knowledge regarding outdoor game was inadequate among school children. They concluded that need for providing knowledge on outdoor game is an important satatergy utilize school children as effective contribution toward Knowledge
THE MENACE IN BREAST PATHOLOGY
Get PDFDiagnosis by non-operative procedures has of late become the standard of care. This helps the pathologist to make far reaching decisions on small tissue samples. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections estimation with analytical thinking assisted by the significant use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and other tests, resume to be the bulwark of histological diagnosis. This review aims to accentuate the hidden difficulty in the interpretation of breast lesions that could diversely guide to under diagnosis, over diagnosis, or incorrect categorization of malignancy, with possible dire after effects to the patients. The review focusses on interpretation of H&E and IHC in breast pathology and aims to complement existing literature on the subject. 1,2,3,4Entities that may result in over diagnosis of malignancy
Union budget – Sustainable development of MSME
Get PDFThis study aims to attempt the role of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the prospect of the Indian economy. MSMEs play a vital role in the growth of the economy. By 2030, the MSME sector will be anticipated to contribute 40% of the GDP. The union budget related to the MSME sector from 2019-2025 is analysed in the study. The purpose of studying the government’s credit facilities, export-related measures, skill development and infrastructure development by the government of India. The government has increased budget allocation to the Ministry of MSME by over 260% from 2018. 2021-22 budget allocation of 15,700 crores to the MSME sector, which is twice the amount from the 2020-21 budget. India has the highest youth population in the world. Hence, the government taking many measures to improve MSME and generate employment generation. Under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0 launched advanced courses like robotics, AI, etc. in the year 2023-24. The government took action to reduce imports by increasing customs duty, which will boost the market for domestic products and play a vital role in fostering the MSME sector
RETRO-GRADE TRANS PEDAL AND TIBIAL ARTERY ACCESS FOR REVASCULARIZATION OF INFRA-POPLITEAL ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE
Get PDFBackground: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) has reached pan-demic proportions. Percutaneous recanalization of the affected artery is the most important alternative to surgery and appears equivalent to surgery in the management of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI).Objectives: to evaluate limb salvage after recanalization of lower extremity arteries using retrograde trans-pedal/tibial access using different modalities (US guided, road mapping and cut down) in patients with CLI. Methods: This prospective study included 50 patients of Beni-Suef university hospital with infra-popliteal atherosclerotic occlusive arterial disease. Diagnosis of the underlying arterial ischemia in each patient will be determined from; patient history records and physical exams and using color Doppler ultrasonograpy (US) or CT angiography.Results: 45 patients suffered from Diabetes (90%), 35 patients were cigarettes smokers (70%), 35 patients had dyslipidemia (70%), 30 patients had hypertension (60%), 15 patients suffered from ischemic heart diseases (30%), while 10 patients had renal impairment (20%), 25 patients with failed antegrade (femoral) angioplasty (50%), 15 patients suffered from tissue loss (30%) and 10 patients suffered from rest pain (20%). we used transpedal access in 50 cases, through anterior tibial artery in 30 limbs (60%), and through dorsalis pedis artery in 11 limbs (22%) and posterior tibial artery in 9 limbs (18%) with technical success rate (66%). 2 case developed hematoma (4%) 1 case developed infection (2%) and Perforation in 1 case, there were no major complications. Conclusion: Retrograde pedal/tibial artery access is a promising alternative for patients in whom conventional endovascular techniques failed to achieve recanalization of the tibial vessels
