638 research outputs found
City Networking in Europe Rescaling of the state and increased importance of cities in the multi-level system of governance
No full textThis thesis analyzes city networking from a rescaling perspective, highlighting the shift
from government towards non-hierarchical governance, a development shifting political
power between different scales. In its most institutionalized form, this development can
be found in the EU, where power is moved upwards to the supra-national level and
downwards to the sub-national level. As the EU system of governance is inherently multi-level, the international activity of cities can be understood as Europeanization of domestic practices, increasing the connections between the levels of governance and thus the multi-level character of the European political systems.
Previous research suggests explanations along two lines; city level variables and country level variables, such as domestic institutional relationships between national and sub-national levels. When using Regional Autonomy Index (RAI), World city index, and years of EU membership to measure cities’ international networking, and thus the interconnectedness between scales, the results point towards the country level variables having more explanatory value. Consequently, the level of networking seems to be conditioned by Europeanization in combination with national institutional relations measured by RAI. A longer history of membership, in combination with more
regional autonomy, limits the state ability to act as a gatekeeper and increases the networking. This shows higher adaptation to the multi-level system of governance in accordance with the Europeanization hypothesis
Quantum Computing in Solid State Systems
No full textThe aim of Quantum Computation in Solid State Systems is to report on recent theoretical and experimental results on the macroscopic quantum coherence of mesoscopic systems, as well as on solid state realization of qubits and quantum gates. Particular attention has been given to coherence effects in Josephson devices. Other solid state systems, including quantum dots, optical, ion, and spin devices which exhibit macroscopic quantum coherence are also discussed. Quantum Computation in Solid State Systems discusses experimental implementation of quantum computing and information processing devices, and in particular observations of quantum behavior in several solid state systems. On the theoretical side, the complementary expertise of the contributors provides models of the various structures in connection with the problem of minimizing decoherence
Next Generation of Engineering Methods and Tools for SOA-Based Large-Scale and Distributed Process Applications
No full textTime evolution of two distant squid rings irradiated with entangled electromagnetic field
No full text
Macroscopic quantum tunneling in d-wave YBaCuO Josephson junctions
No full textThe escape rate from the zero voltage state in a superconducting Josephson junction (JJ) is determined by the temperature, but it saturates at low temperature due to macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT).
Complications due to d-wave symmetry in a high temperature superconductor, like low energy quasiparticles and an unconventional current-phase relation, may influence the escape rate. We report, for the first time to our knowledge, the observation of MQT in a YBa2Cu3O7 grain boundary biepitaxial JJ.
This proves that dissipation can be significantly reduced by a proper junction configuration, which is of significance for quantum coherence
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