514 research outputs found
GARCON: Genetic Algorithm for Rectangular Cuts OptimizatioN. User's manual for version 2.0
No full textThis paper presents GARCON program, illustrating its functionality on a simple HEP analysis example. The program automatically performs rectangular cuts optimization and verification for stability in a multi-dimensional phase space. The program has been successfully used by a number of very different analyses presented in the CMS Physics Technical Design Report. The current version GARCON 2.0 incorporates the feedback the authors have received. User's Manual is included as a part of the note.This paper presents GARCON program, illustrating its functionality on a simple HEP analysis example. The program automatically performs rectangular cuts optimization and verification for stability in a multi-dimensional phase space. The program has been successfully used by a number of very different analyses presented in the CMS Physics Technical Design Report. The current version GARCON 2.0 incorporates the feedback the authors have received. User's Manual is included as a part of the note.This paper presents GARCON program, illustrating its functionality on a simple HEP analysis example. The program automatically performs rectangular cuts optimization and verification for stability in a multi-dimensional phase space. The program has been successfully used by a number of very different analyses presented in the CMS Physics Technical Design Report. The current version GARCON 2.0 incorporates the feedback the authors have received. User's Manual is included as a part of the note.This paper presents GARCON program, illustrating its functionality on a simple HEP analysis example. The program automatically performs rectangular cuts optimization and verification for stability in a multi-dimensional phase space. The program has been successfully used by a number of very different analyses presented in the CMS Physics Technical Design Report. The current version GARCON 2.0 incorporates the feedback the authors have received. User's Manual is included as a part of the note
Girls preferred? Changing patterns of gender preferences in the two German states
No full textParental preferences for the sex of children are a prominent subject of study in some Asian and African countries where sex-selective behavior has led to skewed sex-ratios. In Europe or North-America, by contrast, cross-sectional data does not reveal any clear pattern of sex-preferences. However, this does not mean that people are indifferent to the sex of their children. Taking a longitudinal perspective, this paper shows how sex-preferences in Germany have changed over time and in response to changes in welfare regime. Based on German cohort data, event-history models reveal a significant boy-preference among women born before 1910 during the German Reich. After the world war II, women in West-Germany never developed a clear sex-preference, but cohorts born in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) show a significant preference for girls. This pattern is absorbed by the pro-family policy that was launched by the socialist regime during the seventies. In conclusion, the paper argues that the process of modernization does not neutralize sex-preferences as is often assumed. Rather, it may give rise to diverging sex-preferences depending on the specific type of welfare regime. (AUTHOR)
Spatial and temporal variability of the remotely sensed chlorophyll a signal associated with Rossby waves in the South Atlantic Ocean
No full textISI Document Delivery No.: 593RY Times Cited: 6 Cited Reference Count: 53 Cited References: Burls NJ, 2006, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V111, DOI 10.1029/2005JC003133 CAMPBELL JW, 1995, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V100, P13237, DOI 10.1029/95JC00458 Challenor PG, 2001, J ATMOS OCEAN TECH, V18, P1558, DOI 10.1175/1520-0426(2001)0182.0.CO;2 Charria G, 2006, J MAR RES, V64, P43, DOI 10.1357/002224006776412340 Charria G, 2008, OCEAN SCI, V4, P199, DOI 10.5194/os-4-199-2008 Charria G, 2003, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V30, DOI 10.1029/2002GL016390 Chelton DB, 1996, SCIENCE, V272, P234, DOI 10.1126/science.272.5259.234 Chelton DB, 2007, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V34, DOI 10.1029/2007GL030812 Cipollini P, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P323, DOI 10.1029/1999GL011231 Cipollini P., 2006, MANUAL REMOTE SENSIN, V6, P61 Colberg F, 2004, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V109, DOI 10.1029/2004JC002301 CONKRIGHT M, 1998, NOAA ATLAS NESDIS, V36 DANDONNEAU Y, 2004, SCIENCE, V304, P390, DOI DOI 10.1126/SCIENCE.1095997 Dandonneau Y, 2003, SCIENCE, V302, P1548, DOI 10.1126/science.1090729 Deans S.R., 1983, RADON TRANSFORM SOME Feistel R, 2003, PROG OCEANOGR, V59, P321, DOI 10.1016/j.pocean.2003.07.002 Fu L -L, 2001, SATELLITE ALTIMETRY, P133 Grodsky SA, 2006, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V33, DOI [10.1029/2006GL026426, 10.1029/2005GL025153] Haarsma RJ, 2003, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V30, DOI 10.1029/2003GL017829 Handoh IC, 2006, INT J CLIMATOL, V26, P1957, DOI 10.1002/joc.1342 HUGHES CW, 1995, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V100, P15933, DOI 10.1029/95JC01380 Killworth PD, 2003, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V33, P802, DOI 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)332.0.CO;2 Killworth PD, 2004, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V109, DOI 10.1029/2003JC001768 Killworth PD, 2003, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V33, P784, DOI 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)332.0.CO;2 Killworth Peter D, 2004, Science, V304, P390 Kumar P., 1994, WAVELETS GEOPHYSICS, P1 Lass HU, 2008, J MARINE SYST, V74, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2007.09.008 Le Traon PY, 1998, J ATMOS OCEAN TECH, V15, P522, DOI 10.1175/1520-0426(1998)0152.0.CO;2 Longhurst A.R., 1998, ECOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY Louanchi F, 2001, DEEP-SEA RES PT II, V48, P2155, DOI 10.1016/S0967-0645(00)00185-5 Machu E, 1999, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V26, P1469, DOI 10.1029/1999GL900256 Maharaj AM, 2005, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V32, DOI 10.1029/2004GL020966 Matano RP, 2003, DEEP-SEA RES PT II, V50, P229, DOI 10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00395-8 McClain CR, 2004, DEEP-SEA RES PT II, V51, P281, DOI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2003.08.002 McClain CR, 1998, SEA TECHNOL, V39, P10 O'Reilly J., 1998, J GEOPHYS RES, V103, p[24, 937, 953], DOI [10.1029/98JC02160, DOI 10.1029/98JC02160] PETER JC, 1991, EUR J PEDIATR SURG, V1, P73, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1042463 Pierini S, 2005, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V35, P218, DOI 10.1175/JPO-2680.1 PIERINI S, 2006, 15 YEARS PROGR RAD A Polito PS, 2003, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V108, DOI 10.1029/2000JC000607 Pottier C, 2006, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V44, P3436, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2006.878441 Pottier C., 2004, Geophysical Research Letters, V31, DOI 10.1029/2004GL019565 Quartly GD, 2003, PHILOS T ROY SOC A, V361, P57, DOI 10.1098/rsta.2002.1108 REASON CJC, 1987, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V17, P2030, DOI 10.1175/1520-0485(1987)0172.0.CO;2 RIO MH, 2005, GEOID OC CIRC N ATL Robertson AW, 2003, J CLIMATE, V16, P2540, DOI 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)0162.0.CO;2 SCHOPF PS, 1981, DYNAM ATMOS OCEANS, V5, P187, DOI 10.1016/0377-0265(81)90011-7 Siegel DA, 2001, NATURE, V409, P576, DOI 10.1038/35054659 Sterl A, 2003, CLIM DYNAM, V21, P559, DOI 10.1007/s00382-003-0348-y Torrence C, 1998, B AM METEOROL SOC, V79, P61, DOI 10.1175/1520-0477(1998)0792.0.CO;2 Torrence C, 1999, J CLIMATE, V12, P2679, DOI 10.1175/1520-0442(1999)0122.0.CO;2 Uz BM, 2001, NATURE, V409, P597, DOI 10.1038/35054527 Venegas SA, 1997, J CLIMATE, V10, P2904, DOI 10.1175/1520-0442(1997)0102.0.CO;2 Gutknecht, E. Dadou, I. Charria, G. Cipollini, P. Garcon, V. Charria, Guillaume/F-9126-2010; Cipollini, Paolo/B-5294-2012 CNES; Midi-Pyrenees Region; IntraEuropean postdoctoral fellowship [MEIF-CT-2006-039180] The CNES and Midi-Pyrenees Region are thanked for the financial Ph.D. support attributed to E. Gutknecht. We would like to thank the CNES support attributed to I. Dadou and V. Garcon and the Marie Curie support (MEIF-CT-2006-039180) attributed to G. Charria as an IntraEuropean postdoctoral fellowship. The Sea Level Anomaly data from the DUACS processing were developed by AVISO. Ocean color data were produced by the SeaWiFS project at GSFC and obtained from the DAAC. We thank J. Sudre (LEGOS) for extracting the SeaWiFS data. Wavelet software was provided by C. Torrence and G. P. Compo, and is available at http://paos.colorado.edu/research/wavelets/. We express our special thanks to M. Thomas (University of East Anglia, UK) who provided us with simulation outputs including both eddies and Rossby waves, and allowed us to confirm that our filtering procedure can be applied to real data with confidence. 6 AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION WASHINGTON J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANSThe present study focuses on the spatial and temporal variability of interactions between physics and biogeochemistry during the Rossby wave passage in the South Atlantic Ocean. The Rossby wave signature in sea level anomalies (SLA) and surface chlorophyll a concentration anomalies (CHLA) is analyzed using remotely sensed data from 1997 to 2006. Wavelengths between 400 and 1100 km, with westward propagating speeds up to 7.5 cm.s(-1), are observed. Using a theoretical model, three processes (meridional advection of surface chlorophyll a concentrations, uplifting of subsurface chlorophyll a maximum, and upwelling of nutrients) are likely to explain the chlorophyll a Rossby wave signature. A statistical assumption allows quantifying the relative importance of each process. Three zones are identified. The Subtropical Gyre is the only area where the contribution of the uplifting process reaches 20%. North and south of this gyre, the meridional advection process is responsible for an important part (around 60%) of the observed chlorophyll a signals. The temporal variability of this dominant process is studied using the phase relationships between CHLA and SLA and the surface meridional chlorophyll a gradient. A seasonal meridional shift (4 degrees) is shown on both data sets on the area of negative meridional gradient. At 30 degrees S-31 degrees S, a clear seasonal cycle is observed in both data sets for the whole studied period, except in 2003 and 2004 where both data sets do not follow the usual seasonal cycle. These particular years can be related to anomalies in large scale atmospheric circulation over the South Atlantic Ocean
Gender preferences for children revisited: new evidence from Germany
No full textEmpirical research investigating gender preferences for children and their implications for fertility decisions in advanced industrial societies is relatively scarce. Recent studies on this matter have presented ambiguous evidence regarding the existence as well as the direction such preferences can take. We use data from the most recent German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) to analyse determinants of the preferred sex composition of prospective offspring as well as the influence of the sex of previous children on the respondent´s fertility intentions and their actual behaviour at different parities. We find that the socio-demographic determinants of gender preferences differ when childless respondents are compared with parents, and that boys are preferred as a first child. Although an ultimate sex composition that includes at least one son and one daughter is generally favoured, there is no evidence for a behaviourally relevant gender preference in Germany, when higher parities are considered.Germany, fertility, sex preference
Monitoramento de indicadores biofísicos no submédio São Francisco com aplicação de geotecnologias.
No full text40-year-activity of the Congress of French Polonia (1949-1989)
No full textThis article presents the 40 year history of the activity of the Congress of French Polonia (KPF) on the basis of acts and archives of the Congress as well as materials collected by the author.
The time of the Congress activity was divided into four parts: 1949-1956 - the struggle for existence, the yearning toward an independent existence, 1957-66 - the upholding of the illusion, 1967-1979 - missed opportunities, 1979-1989 - a charge of directions.
In the detailed analysis of each of these period there were presented, among other things: the structural and personal changes in the membership of the Congress, as well as its status with regard to the Comission on Education for Polish Emigration and the Polish Catholic Union. The author voises the opinion that the structure and activity of the Congress as well as The unions uncorparated in them envelop the Entirety of the Polonia community in the French environment.
The KPF in 1979 was reformed as the Congress of Polonia in France enabling greater possibilities for the true functioning of the organization
Índices hídricos para áreas irrigadas na região de desenvolvimento agrícola Petrolina/Juazeiro.
No full textOs algoritmos SAFER e o SUREAL foram usados com produtos MODIS na determinação da evapotranspiração atual (ET), sendo usada com dados de precipitação (P) e evapotranspiração de referência (ET0) para aplicação dos índices IH (P/ET) e ETr (ET/ET0), nas análises do balanço hídrico durante o ano de 2015, em áreas irrigadas da região de desenvolvimento agrícola Petrolina/Juazeiro, Nordeste do Brasil. Tanto para Petrolina como para Juazeiro, as maiores taxas da ET, chegando acima de 4,5 mm dia-1, ocorreram em fevereiro, devido ao suprimento hídrico conjunto das águas das chuvas e de irrigação para as plantas. Os valores mais baixos em novembro (ET < 2,2 mm dia-1) coincidiram com o final de ciclo generalizado das culturas agrícolas. Apesar de P na escala anual ter sido maior em Petrolina (230 mm) em 10% quando comparado com Juazeiro, a menor demanda atmosférica do segundo município resultou em um IH ligeiramente superior. Entretanto, as condições de umidade no solo em Petrolina (ETr = 0,70) foram melhores que às de Juazeiro (ETr = 0,61). Os resultados confirmam o potencial dos algoritmos para o monitoramento das condições hídricas das culturas irrigadas no semiárido brasileiro
Índices de vegetação em seringais, outras culturas arbóreas e remanescentes florestais no noroeste do Estado de São Paulo.
No full textOs dados espectrais oriundos de imagens de satélite são úteis para estimar parâmetros da vegetação. O uso dos índices de vegetação para estudos da cobertura vegetal e estimativa de biomassa é comum, principalmente para a vegetação arbórea. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi obter e avaliar o potencial dos índices de vegetação dos remanescentes florestais e das culturas arbóreas permanentes da região das sub-bacias de Ribeirão Santa Bárbara, Córrego da Arribada, Ribeirão São Jerônimo e Ribeirão da Corredeira, no noroeste do Estado de São Paulo (região com domínio de Hevea brasiliensis entre as culturas arbóreas permanentes). Os resultados apontaram que não houve diferenças (p<0,01) no comportamento dos índices de vegetação NDVI, SAVI e EVI entre os remanescentes florestais e os seringais. Os eucaliptais apresentaram diferenças significativas (p<0,01) nos valores médios dos três índices de vegetação avaliados em comparação aos índices de vegetação dos remanescentes florestais e da cultura de seringueiras, resultado promissor como indicador potencial para classificar as classes de uso e cobertura de terras de vegetação arbórea. Os mangueirais apresentaram valores médios de NDVI estatisticamente similares aos dos eucaliptais. Os coeficientes de correlação (Pearson) entre os índices de vegetação foram todos significativos (p<0,05) entre si: NDVI e SAVI = 0,64; NDVI e EVI = 0,67; SAVI e EVI = 0,99
- …
