8,244 research outputs found
Pioneers of Library Movement in Pakistan
No full textThe paper aims to describe in brief the contribution of seven leaders of Pakistan librarianship, viz. K.B. Khalifa M. Asadullah, Prof. Dr. Abdul Moid, Dr. Abdus Subuh Qasimi, Muhammad Shafi, Fazal Elahi, Khawaja Nur Elahi and S. V. Hussain. The early library developments are given for better understanding of the role of these leaders
The Complete Muhammad Ali
No full textIncluding material and photographs not included in most of the 100 other books about the champion, Ishmael Reed's The Complete Muhammad Ali is more than just a biography-it is a fascinating portrait of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. An honest, balanced portrayal of Ali, the book includes voices that have been omitted from other books. It charts Ali's evolution from Black Nationalism to a universalism, but does not discount the Nation of Islam and Black Nationalism's important influence on his intellectual development. Filipino American author Emil Guillermo speaks about how "The Thrilla' In Manila" brought the Philippines into the 20th century. Fans of Muhammad Ali, boxing fans, and those interested in modern African American history and the Nation of Islam will be fascinated by this biography by an accomplished American author.Intro -- DEDICATION -- INTRODUCTION -- The Curious History of an Icon -- CHAPTER 1 -- CHAPTER 2 -- CHAPTER 3 -- CHAPTER 4 -- CHAPTER 5 -- CHAPTER 6 -- CHAPTER 7 -- Did the Secret Government Fear a U.S. Muslim/Overseas Muslim Alliance? -- CHAPTER 8 -- CHAPTER 9 -- The Break Between the Prophet and his Disciple -- CHAPTER 10 -- CHAPTER 11 -- CHAPTER 12 -- The GOAT (Greatest Of All Time): Ali or Louis? -- CHAPTER 13 -- The Nation of Islam, the Mob, Showdowns in Canada and Sonny Liston -- CHAPTER 14 -- CHAPTER 15 -- The Taunts: Marketing or Racism? -- CHAPTER 16 -- CHAPTER 17 -- CHAPTER 18 -- CHAPTER 19 -- Boxing and the Brain -- CHAPTER 20 -- Ali's Feet -- CHAPTER 21 -- Mr. Dick -- CHAPTER 22 -- CHAPTER 23 -- The Opening Ceremonies, November 2005 -- CHAPTER 24 -- December 2005, Las Vegas -- CHAPTER 25 -- CHAPTER 26 -- June 16, 2004 -- CHAPTER 27 -- CHAPTER 28 -- CHAPTER 29 -- Aix-en-Provence -- CHAPTER 30 -- Ali as a Black Nationalist -- San Francisco, January 2004 Black Liberation Book Fair -- CHAPTER 31 -- January 31, 2004 -- CHAPTER 32 -- October 2005, Chicago -- CHAPTER 33 -- Why Ali remained with Elijah instead of following Malcolm -- CHAPTER 34 -- CHAPTER 35 -- February 4, 2006, Oakland, California -- CHAPTER 36 -- Like Zeus Descending from Mount Olympus -- CHAPTER 37 -- CHAPTER 38 -- Tuesday, February 28, 2006, New York -- CHAPTER 39 -- Bigger Than Boxing -- CHAPTER 40 -- Tribes Gallery, New York, April 2006 -- CHAPTER 41 -- June 2006, Louisville, Kentucky -- CHAPTER 42 -- CHAPTER 43 -- CHAPTER 45 -- Bad Company -- CHAPTER 46 -- Coxson, A Very Charming Rogue -- CHAPTER 47 -- Ali and the largest embezzlement scheme in Wells Fargo history -- CHAPTER 48 -- CHAPTER 49 -- "Lonnie is a stabilizing force."-Harry Belafonte -- October 29, 2006 -- CHAPTER 50 -- Abdul Rahman -- CHAPTER 51 -- CHAPTER 52 -- CHAPTER 53How Will Ali Be Remembered? New York, January 8, 2005 -- CHAPTER 54 -- CONCLUSION -- AFTERWORD -- Boxers' Rights? -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- MUHAMMAD ALI -- ISLAM AND NATION OF ISLAM -- BOXING -- RELATED SUBJECTS -- ALSO AVAILABLE FROM BARAKA BOOKSIncluding material and photographs not included in most of the 100 other books about the champion, Ishmael Reed's The Complete Muhammad Ali is more than just a biography-it is a fascinating portrait of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. An honest, balanced portrayal of Ali, the book includes voices that have been omitted from other books. It charts Ali's evolution from Black Nationalism to a universalism, but does not discount the Nation of Islam and Black Nationalism's important influence on his intellectual development. Filipino American author Emil Guillermo speaks about how "The Thrilla' In Manila" brought the Philippines into the 20th century. Fans of Muhammad Ali, boxing fans, and those interested in modern African American history and the Nation of Islam will be fascinated by this biography by an accomplished American author.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Enhanced Calcium Extraction From Steel Converter Slag Using Wet Extractive Grinding And Comparison
No full textDefence is held on 8.10.2021 12:00 – 15:30
Remotely via Zoom https://aalto.zoom.us/j/69652895150This thesis belongs to the field of process engineering. The goal of this research is to develop an effective recovery method for calcium from industrial waste streams to produce precipitated calcium carbonate, PCC. This would reduce our dependency on virgin raw material resources, reduce CO2 emissions and offer a pathway to circular economy by closing material loops in industrial processes. We focused on the utilization of steel converter slag as a source of calcium for the pH-swing process named as X2PCC (X refers to Ca-bearing materials). As the first process step, we extract calcium from steelmaking slag using aqueous ammonium chloride solvent and separate solids by filtering. In the second step, the Ca-rich solution is treated with CO2 gas to produce precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC).
The main scientific objective of this thesis is to experimentally analyze phenomena in Ca extraction step and develop process solutions for increasing the Ca dissolution rate and yield. As a part of the work, we developed the new wet extractive grinding (EG) method. Traditional mechanical mixing (MM) process is first briefly explained and then compared with the new wet extractive grinding process. The carbonation step was left out of the scope of this thesis. In this thesis, the effects of various process parameters on the performance of these two techniques are systematically and quantitatively investigated.
The first part (paper I) focuses on the experimental study on the traditional mechanical mixing with respect to particle size distribution and strength of the solvent. Aqueous ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) was used as an extracting solvent with concentrations of 0-2 mol/L. The slag to solvent ratio was constant 100 g/L for all experiments. The main objective of this part was to determine the optimal concentrations of solvent and particle size for leaching out the maximum amount of calcium from the slag. All the tests were conducted at ambient pressure and temperature. The extraction rate of different size fractions of the slag, 0–50 μm, 50–74 μm and 74–125 μm were studied. If was found that the smaller the particle size, and the higher the solvent molarity, the higher the yield of Ca. We found that Ca extraction is limited by the mass transfer and the availability of Ca within the large particles. We proposed a mechanism that the surface layer of the slag particles could be get blocked by reaction products, mainlySiO2, and this stops the reaction. This would explain the lower yield in the larger particles.
The second part (papers II and III) of the work focuses on the new wet extractive grinding method and optimizing it for the maximum extraction efficiency of calcium from steel slag. Extractive grinding was compared with our traditional mechanical mixing to give better understanding of the performance of our new extractive grinding method, and to study the effects of the different process parameters on the calcium extraction and dissolution of other trace elements such as V, Si and Mg. Physical and chemical characterization is performed for the analysis of particle morphology before and after the extraction. Here, we found that with our new method we can achieve up to 73 % Ca-extraction efficiency as compared to below 40 % in MM. EG process, that combines grinding and extraction stages, reduces the overall energy requirement of the process. There are two mechanism that makes this possible: the processing time reduces due to reaction surface grinding effects and the Ca yield also significantly increases.
The main scientific contribution of this thesis is in identifying the limiting factors in the Ca extraction stage and presenting and analyzing the new wet extractive grinding method. We were able to show that with the EG method, Ca yield increased from 35 to 73%, processing time decreased from earlier used 30 to 5 min. To obtain Ca yield higher than 70% via mechanical mixing, energy intensive fine grinding is required. With EG method, based on preliminary calculations, energy saving can be up to 56 % compared to fine grinding and mechanical mixing path. We also found that EG method does not significantly affect the particle size distribution, which means that there are fewer filtering issues expected, compared with the fine-grinded slag. We are presenting unique data on the effects of solvent molarity, slag to solvent ratio, particle size distribution, process time. These will be later used in the actual process design and feasibility analysis.
Finally, we studied also initially a concept for the integration of CO2-capture Ca-looping integrated with our X2PCC process. Initial results show that CO2 capture potential of the process could be significantly increased by this. This will be further studied in our future work and we will evaluate what would be the optimal use for the PCC produced in terms of circular economy and environment. Tämä väitöskirja kuuluu prosessitekniikan tutkimusalaan. Tutkimuksen laajempi tavoite on kehittää tehokas menetelmä kalsiumin talteen ottamiseksi teollisuuden sivu- ja jätevirroista ja valmistaa tästä saostettua kalsium karbonaattia (PCC). Tämä askel vähentäisi riippuvuuttamme neitseellisistä raaka-aineista, vähentäisi fossiilisia CO2 päästöjä ja veisi alan kehitystä kohti kiertotaloutta sulkemalla materiaalikiertoja. Työssä keskityttiin teräskuonaan X2PCC prosessimme raaka-aineena. X viittaa tässä materiaaleihin, jotka sisältävät runsaasti kalsiumia. X2PCC-prosessimme ensimmäisessä vaiheessa kalsium liuotetaan selektiivisesti ja kiintoaines suodatetaan pois. Puhtaaseen kalsiumliuokseen puhalletaan sen jälkeen CO2 kaasua, jolloin tuotteena syntyy saostettua kalsiumkarbonaattia, CaCO3.
Työn tieteellinen tavoite oli tutkia kokeellisesti kalsiumin liuotusta ja siihen liittyviä ilmiöitä sekä kehittää menetelmää, joilla prosessia saataisiin tehostettua. Osana työtä kehitimme uuden märkäjauhatukseen perustuvan liuotusmenetelmän (EG). Perinteistä mekaanista sekoitusmenetelmää tutkittiin ensin ja sen jälkeen vertailtiin uuteen EG menetelmään. Karbonointivaihe rajattiin työn ulkopuolelle.Työn ensimmäinen osa (Julkaisu I) keskittyy mekaaniseen sekoitukseen ja kuonan kokojakauman ja liuottimen vahvuuden vaikutusten tutkimiseen. Vesiliukoista ammoniumkloridia (NH4Cl) käytettiin liuottimena vaihtelemalla sen molaarisuutta välillä 0-2 mol/L. Kuona-liuotinsuhde oli vakio 100 g/L kaikissa kokeissa. Tavoite oli löytää parametrit, joilla Ca-saanto kuonasta saadaan maksimoitua. Kokeet tehtiin ilmakehän paineessa ja huoneen lämpötilassa. Kuonajauhe seulottiin mekaanisesti kokoluokkiin 0–50 μm, 50–74 μm ja 74–125 μm. Havaittiin että mitä pienempi partikkelikoko ja mitä suurempi molaarisuus, sitä korkeampi Ca-saanto. Hypoteesimme on, että suurilla partikkeleilla Ca-saantoa rajoittaa aineensiirto ja kalsiumin saatavuus reaktioiden käyttöön. Ehdottamassamme reaktiota rajoittavassa mekanismissa reaktiotuotteet, pääasiassa SiO2, tukkii huokoset ja hidastaa reaktiota olennaisesti. Tämä ilmiö selittäisi suurempien partikkelien matalamman Ca-saannon.
Työn toinen osa (julkaisut II ja III) keskittyvät uuteen märkäjauhatusliuotukseen ja sen parametrien optimointiin teräskuonalla. Uutta menetelmään verrattiin mekaaniseen sekoitukseen, jotta saataisiin parempi käsitys uuden menetelmän eduista eri prosessiparametreillä. EG menetelmää karakterisoitiin kemiallisesti ja fysikaalisesti ja tutkittiin kuonan morfologian muutoksia prosessin aikana. Havaittiin, että uudella EG menetelmällä on mahdollista kasvattaa saantoa mekaanisen sekoituksen alle 40 % arvosta yli 70% tasolle. EG menetelmässä yhdistetään jauhatuksen teho sekä liuotusvaihe. Tällöin prosessin läpimenoaika pienenee huomattavasti ja saanto kasvaa. Tämän ansiosta energian kulutus myös pienenee huomattavasti.
Väitöskirjan tieteellinen kontrobuutio on, että pystytiin identifioimaan Ca-liuotuksen kontrolloivia mekanismeja sekä kehitettiin uusi märkäjauhatusliuotus menetelmä. Pystyimme näyttämään, että EG menetelmällä Ca-saanto nousi 35 % arvosta 73% tasolle, prosessiaika lyheni 30 minuutista 5 min tasolle. Jotta vastaava saanto saataisiin aikaiseksi mekaanisella sekoituksella, täytyisi kuona jauhaa erittäin pieneksi (<50 μm), vaatien paljon aikaa ja energiaa. Alustavien laskelmien mukaan energian kulutus voisi olla 50-60% alhaisempi uudella menetelmällä. Havaitsimme myös, että EG menetelmä ei juuri vaikuta partikkelikokojakaumaan, joka tarkoittaa sitä, että hienoksi jauhetun kuonan tapauksessa esiintyviä suodatukseen liittyviä ongelmia on huomattavasti vähemmän. Työssä on myös esitetty suuri määrä täysin uusia mittaustuloksia molaarisuuden, partikkelikoon, kuona-liuotinsuhteen ja prosessiajan vaikutuksista prosessin käyttäytymiseen, joita voidaan käyttää tulevaisuudessa teollisen kokoluokan prosessin suunnittelussa, optimoinnissa ja taloudellisen kannattavuuden arvioinnissa. Työn lopuksi teimme vielä alustavia laskelmia CO2 talteenottopotentiaalin kasvatusmahdollisuuksista. Alustavien tulosten mukaan, jos X2PCC prosessi yhdistettäisiin Ca-looping CO2 talteenottomenetelmään ja käyttämällä valmistamaamme CaCO3:a talteenottoprosessin sorbenttina, hiilidioksidin talteenottopotentiaalia voitaisiin kasvattaa merkittävästi. Tätä tutkitaan tulevaisuudessa laajemmin ja arvioidaan PCC tuotteemme parasta käyttökohdetta kiertotalouden ja ympäristön kannalta
Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Kitab Washaya Al-Aba’ Li Al-Abna Karya Muhammad Syakir Al-Iskandari
No full textThis research aims to identify the character education values contained in the book Washaya al-Aba' li al-Abna Muhammad Syakir and the role of his opinion on the richness of character education values. It is hoped that this research can be used as a source or reference in efforts to develop education and character as a whole, especially character education according to Islam. It can also be used as a reference to facilitate understanding of character education and as a reference for relevant research in the future. This research method is qualitative and uses a narrative biography method. By using a descriptive presentation approach, this autobiography of the character's thoughts combines the ideas of character education from his work. Library research, or library research, is a research method that involves books, articles, notes and electronic media. with primary sources from the book Washaya al Aba Li al-Abna and secondary sources from study books. In this research, data collection was carried out through the documentation method, which includes searching for data through variables such as notes, books, and articles, among others. The author used a content analysis study to analyze the data; they analyzed the data textually based on the contents of the book. The research results show that the book Washaya al Aba Li al-Abna contains 17 educational character values, divided into two categories: 10 character values fall into the moral category and 7 character values fall into the performance category. Faith and piety, love and obedience to the Messenger of Allah, respect for parents, respect for teachers, truth or honesty, nobility or self-respect, patience, sincerity and a simple life are moral characters. Performance characteristics also include trust, discipline, hard work, never giving up, love of the country, interest in reading or literacy knowledge, and concern for the environment
Biography of Muhammad Baba
No full textCe manuscrit est une biographie du savant islamique Muhammad Baba du village de Doumga, au Sénégal. Elle fait partie d'une série de biographies que l'auteur a écrites sur les dirigeants islamiques en Afrique de l'Ouest.This manuscript is a biography of Islamic scholarMuhammad Baba of the village of Doumga, in Senegal. It is one of a series of biographies that the author has written about Islamic leaders in West Africa
Some Letters by Muhammad al-Ghāli Ba
No full textCe manuscrit comprend des correspondances et un article. Les correspondances étaient destinées à plusieurs personnes. L'article a été réécrit lorsque l'auteur, Muhammad al-Ghali, travaillait à la radio nationale mauritanienne. L'article traite de la situation politique de la Mauritanie dans les années 80. Il discute des relations entre les partis politiques existants en Mauritanie.This manuscript includes correspondences and one article. The correspondences had been destined to several people. The article was written back when the author, Muhammad al-Ghali, was working at Mauritania' s National Radio. The article addresses the political situation of Mauritania in the 1980s. It discusses the relationship between the existing political parties in Mauritanian
Hydraulic simulations to evaluate and predict design and operation of the Chashma Right Bank Canal
No full textIrrigation systems / Irrigation canals / Flow control / Velocity / Canal regulation techniques / Hydraulics / Simulation models / Design / Operations / Crop-based irrigation / Distributary canals / Water delivery / Policy / Protective irrigation / Water allocation / Water requirements / Sedimentation / Water distribution / Equity / Water conveyance / Pakistan / Chashma Right Bank Canal
Productivity Improvement in the Denim Industry by DMAIC Methodology
No full textProductivity Improvement in the Denim Industry by DMAIC Methodology Muhammad Owais Raza Siddiquia, Imran Noorb, Muhammad Dawood Husainc, Muhammad Usama Nooranid, Allah Dade, Waqar Iqbalf, Danmei Sung, a,b,c,dNED University of Engineering & Technology, Department of Textile Engineering, University Road, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan. a,gHeriot-Watt University, School of Textiles & Design, TD1 3HF, Galashiels, UK. ePakistan Institute of Fashion and Design, Lahore, Pakistan. fTiangong University, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China, Email: [email protected] The aim of this paper is to boost productivity improvement by reducing the rejection rate and finding ways to improve the quality of the textile (denim) industry. The methodology used here is based on Six Sigma, which aids as a catalyst for lowering the rejection rate in the denim industry. Six Sigma in this paper serves as a systematic tool for continuous quality process improvement and for achieving desired targets and quality. The DMAIC model provides a framework that ultimately decreases the variation in the process, and executes a central plain that would be readily accepted by the organisation and which encourages people to adapt it. In the defining phase, the root causes of the problem and faults were recognised. As a result, a broken end was found to be the main cause of the rejection of defective products. The root causes were analysed using a cause and effect diagram. In the improvement phase, the design of the experiment (DOE) was implemented, and key parameters of the process were set up. This revealed that high concentrations of acid and hydrogen peroxide are the core origin of the diminishing yarn strength in the back process. A factorial design, with two replications, was performed. Hydrogen peroxide and acid were used in the dyeing department as chemical oxidation for indigo dye. After the implementation of Six Sigma, the productivity of the company improved and the rejection rate was reduced
Yolo-pest: an optimized YoloV8x for detection of small insect pests using smart traps
No full textAbstract Fruit flies and fall-armyworm are one of the major insect pest that adversely affect fruit and crops, whereas fall-armyworm is also a highly destructive pest in maize crop but also damage other economically important field crops and vegetables. Adults of both pests can fly, making it hard to monitor them in the field. This study focuses on fine-tuning the YoloV8x model for automated monitoring and identifying insect pests, like fruit flies and fall-armyworms, in open fields and closed environments using IoT-based Smart Traps. The conventional techniques for monitoring of these insect pests involve pheromone attractants and sticky traps that require regular farm visits. We developed an IoT-based device, called Smart Trap, that attracts insect pests with pheromones and captures real-time images using cameras and IoT sensors. Its main objective is automated pest monitoring in fields or indoor grain storage houses. Images captured by smart traps are transmitted to the server, where Yolo-pest, a fine-tuned YoloV8x model with customized hyperparameters performs in real time for object detection. The performance of the smart trap was evaluated in a mango orchard (Fruit Flies) and maize field (fall Armyworm) in an arid climate, achieving a 94% average detection accuracy. The validation process on grayscale and coloured images further confirmed the model’s consistent accuracy in identifying insect pests in maze crop and mango orchards. The mobile application also enhances the practical utility as having a user-friendly interface for real time identification of insect pest. Farmers can easily acces the information and data remotely that empowering them for efficient pest maangment
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