1,720,957 research outputs found
Pasaran oligopoli
Get PDFAhli-ahli ekonomi sudah mengenal pasti empat faktor utama
dalam menganalisis penentuan pasaran persaingan tak sempurna
iaitu- ekonomi berskala, halangan memasuki pasaran dan tindak balas strategik antara firma dalam pasaran.Oligopoli adalah salah satu bentuk pasaran persaingan tak sempurna yang agak unik serta berbeza daripada bentuk pasaran yang lain, terutamanya daripada segi penentuan tingkat harga dan output serta persaingan bukan harga.Pasaran oligopoli ialah struktur pasaran yang mempunyai beberapa firma yang mengeluarkan barangan yang mungkin sama ataupun berbeza. Setiap firma oligopoli ini mengeluarkan kesemua ataupun
sebahagian besar barangan yang berada dalam pasaran berkenaan.Antara contoh industri oligopoli adalah industri minyak petrol, industri besi waja, industri aluminium, industri automobil, perkhidmatan telefon selular serta rangkaian televisyen.Apabila terdapat beberapa firma yang bersaing dalam pasaran oligopoli ini, maka setiap firma boleh memilih sama ada mahu bekerjasama atau berpakat iaitu collusive oligopoly antara sesama firma ataupun memilih untuk tidak bekerjasama atau tidak berpakat iaitu non-collusive oligopoly. Firma dikatakan tidak berpakat apabila
mereka bertindak bersendirian tanpa apa-apa perjanjian dengan firma lain.Bagaimanapun, bagi mengurangkan persaingan sesama firma, mereka boleh membuat perjanjian untuk bekerjasama. Keadaan ini berlaku apabila dua ataupun lebih firma bersama-sama dalam penggunaan teknologi yang tinggi dan jumlah pelaburan yang besar diperlukan bagi memulakan operasi. Halangan bukan semula jadi pula berbentuk tindakan strategik firma sedia ada bagi menghalang finna baru memasuki pasaran. Ini termasuk skala
ekonomi yang dimiliki firma sedia ada iaitu mampu mengeluarkan barangan dalam kuantiti yang besar dengan kos seunit yang rendah.Kesannya, harga pasaran bagi barang berkenaan jatuh serta menghalang kemasukan firma baru yang belum mencapai skala ekonomi bagi beroperasi. Halangan-halangan lain seperti hak paten dan hak cipta yang diberi oleh kerajaan kepada firma-firma khusus sahaja.Bilangan firma dalam pasaran oligopoli sedikit kerana wujud
halangan-halangan tertentu bagi firma baru memasuki pasaran.
Jumlah firma yang sedikit ini membolehkan setiap firma
mempunyai kuasa monopoli bagi menentukan harga barangan
yang dikeluarkan
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Reflecting customers’ innovativeness and intention to adopt islamic banking in Nigeria / Ahmad Muhammad Gumel and Mohammad Azmi Othman
No full textThe primary objectives of this study are to investigate the relationship between consumer innovativeness and customers’ intention to adopt Islamic banking (2) to investigate the role of consumer innovativeness in relationship between attitudes, social influence, perceived behavioural control and intention to adopt Islamic banking in Nigeria.The methodology that will be adopted in order to achieve the stated objectives of the research will therefore be a positivist methodology namely: the development of hypothesis to address research questions; use of questionnaire to obtain quantitative data from a reliable sample; and statistical analysis to test the hypothesis.This proposed research framework would compliment efforts of previous researchers by investigating the factors influencing customer’s intention to adopt Islamic banking in Nigeria. It focuses on the relationship between consumer innovativeness, attitude, social influence, perceived behavioral control and intention to adopt the new mode of financing.In addition, it is expected that the relative influence of these independent variables will vary when consumer innovativeness was set to moderate the relationship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The 1997 banking crisis in Malaysia : The reform from an Islamic perspective
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
