1,720,953 research outputs found
Research Management and Administration and its contribution to research, development and innovation activities : case study of Embrapa
No full textOrientador: Maria Beatriz Machado BonacelliDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de GeociênciasResumo: O ambiente complexo e incerto das atividades de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (CT&I) tende a aumentar os custos de transação relacionados com a Administração e Gestão de Projetos de Pesquisa (AGPP) nas Instituições Públicas de Pesquisa (IPPs), o que consequentemente impacta na sua eficiência em fazer pesquisa e gerar inovação. Devido a aspectos históricos do desenvolvimento econômico e social do país, o progresso técnico-científico nacional está aquém do esperado para uma economia emergente como a do Brasil, refletindo e sendo reflexo do desempenho das atividades de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação (PD&I). Considerando este contexto, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é levantar e analisar os desafios e os possíveis resultados da implementação de práticas de AGPP por IPPs brasileiras na busca por mais eficiência na gestão de projetos de PD&I. Para isso, este trabalho realizou uma vasta revisão de literatura sobre o escopo da AGPP, a institucionalização da área no país, metodologias e tipos de estruturas organizacionais adotadas e estudos de caso nacionais e internacionais sobre implantação de escritórios de projetos de pesquisa ou estruturas similares. Para compreensão mais aprofundada da aplicação dos conceitos e exemplos encontrados, foi realizado um estudo de caso na Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) sobre como suas unidades estão organizando seus processos e práticas de AGPP. A abordagem metodológica utilizou conceitos da Nova Economia Institucional (NEI), Economia dos Custos de Transação (ECT) e Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR). Os resultados demonstraram a amplitude do tema de AGPP, que permeia os níveis operacionais, táticos e estratégicos, tanto dentro das IPPs, como nas redes de colaboração e estruturas de governança em que participam. As discussões permeiam os ambientes micro e macro institucionais e destacam o papel das meso-instituições na tradução, implementação e monitoramento do arcabouço normativo da CT&I, formado por órgãos do governo, agências de fomento, associações de profissionais, associações de classe e outros. O estudo apresenta elementos institucionais criados recentemente no país que reforçam o grupo de meso-instituições: o Programa de Treinamento em Implantação de Escritórios Institucionais de Apoio ao Pesquisador da Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) e a Associação Brasileira de Gestores de Pesquisa. Também fica evidente a transdisciplinaridade do conjunto de conhecimentos envolvidos, a variedade de formas organizacionais e a influência do perfil institucional na estruturação dos processos em AGPP. Demonstra-se como os processos de AGPP estão imbricados com os processos de Gestão da Inovação, e diretamente relacionados à minimização dos custos de transação, ao aumento da eficiência da gestão dos recursos dos projetos de pesquisa e à diferenciação e continuidade da existência da IPP dentro do Sistema Nacional de CT&I. Ainda que IPPs enfrentem dificuldades para construir novas capacidades organizacionais e gerenciais para adaptação de suas rotinas, o estudo de caso encontrou esforço de várias unidades da Embrapa quanto à implementação de práticas e estruturas organizacionais de AGPP, além de investimento em revisão de normas e contratação de capacitações pela empresa, e corroborou a importância de estruturas em AGPP para desonerar os pesquisadores de atividades burocráticas e trazer mais agilidade, eficiência e melhores resultados em PD&IAbstract: The complex and uncertain environment of Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) activities tends to increase transaction costs related to Research Management and Administration (RMA) in Public Research Institutions (PRIs), which consequently impacts on its efficiency in doing research and generating innovation. Due to historical aspects of economic and social development, the national technical-scientific progress is below expectations for an emerging economy such as Brazil, reflecting in the performance of Research, Development and Innovation (RD&I) activities. Considering this context, the general objective of this research is to raise and analyze the challenges and possible results of the implementation of RMA practices by Brazilian PRIs in the search for more efficient management of RD&I projects. To this end, this work undertook a vast literature review on the scope of the RMA, the institutionalization of the area in the country, methodologies and types of organizational structures adopted and national and international case studies on the implementation of research project offices or similar structures. To further understand the application of the concepts and examples found, a case study was conducted at the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) on how their units are organizing their processes and practices. The methodological approach used concepts from New Institutional Economics (NIE), Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) and Resource Based View (RBV). The results demonstrated the extent of the RMA theme, which permeates the operational, tactical and strategic levels, both within the PRIs, and in the collaborative networks and governance structures in which they participate. The discussions permeate the micro and macro institutional environments and highlight the role of meso-institutions in translating, implementing and monitoring the ST&I normative framework, consisting of government agencies, funding agencies, professional associations, class associations and others. The study presents recently created institutional elements in Brazil that reinforce the group of meso-institutions: the Program for Training in the Implementation of Institutional Researcher Offices of the São Paulo State Research Support Foundation (FAPESP) and the Brazilian Research Administration and Management Association (BRAMA). It is also evident the transdisciplinarity of the set of knowledge involved, the variety of organizational forms and the influence of the institutional profile on the structuring of RMA processes. It demonstrates how RMA processes are intertwined with Innovation Management processes, and directly related to minimizing transaction costs, increasing the efficiency of research project resource management and the differentiation and continuity of PRI's existence within of the ST&I National System. Although PRIs face difficulties in building new organizational and managerial capacities to adapt their routines, the case study found efforts by several Embrapa units to implement RMA practices and organizational structures, as well as investing in standards review and training by the company, and corroborated the importance of structures in RMA to relieve researchers of bureaucratic activities and bring more agility, efficiency and better results in RD&IMestradoPolitica Cientifica e TecnologicaMestra em Política Científica e TecnológicaEmbrap
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
