1,720,958 research outputs found
Activating Ecosystems for Change by Enriching the Civic “Soil” for Social Innovation. The Wiener Klimateam Project as a Case Study
No full textThrough the analytical exploration of the ‘Wiener Klimateam’ case, the chapter exemplifies the pivotal role of a sound democratic ecosystem to activate social innovation (SI) and drive urban transformation towards climate neutrality. It shows the relevance of integrating diverse stakeholder perspectives to address complex climate challenges, leveraging citizen engagement and democratic processes. This case study shows how comprehensive analysis, stakeholder engagement, and participatory design can catalyse systemic changes within city infrastructures, emphasising inclusivity and equitable change. The initiative’s innovative approach, including a citizens’ jury, showcases the transformative potential of a thriving democratic ecosystem and SI in operationalising sustainable urban governance and fostering collaborative, cross-sectoral strategies. By doing that, the chapter aims to derive insights that are potentially scalable and extendable, focusing on the dynamics of urban innovation. It will examine how democratic ecosystems have been established and SI operationalised to address the challenges that cities face on their journey towards climate neutrality, bridging the gap between theoretical discourse and practical application. The analysis is presented against the dimensions of theoretical constructs derived from Chaps. 2 and 3 and summarised in a framework to explore the operational challenges and opportunities in real-world contexts
The Representative Claims of Deliberative Mini-Publics
Full text linkPolitical Representation and Deliberative Mini-publics
Our current democratic system faces many challenges, and it's important to address them to strengthen modern democracies. In response to these challenges, we have recently seen several democratic innovations emerge. This thesis focuses on one such innovation: Deliberative Mini-Publics (DMPs). Interest in DMPs has increased significantly, and they are seen as a useful tool for addressing some of today's democratic challenges.
While increased citizen participation is important, it must be approached with caution. Without careful consideration, increased participation can contribute to societal inequality by providing the most influential individuals with another platform to shape politics. In other words, increased participation may unintentionally reinforce the overrepresentation of already privileged groups, worsening political inequality.
Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate participatory processes based on the quality and nature of democratic representation they achieve. To assess the role that DMPs could or should play in a democratic system, it is essential to understand their representative quality and potential. This thesis contributes to this discussion by examining the type of representation DMPs achieve.
To explore this, the thesis develops a typology for representation. Subsequently, it examines the representation in 329 DMPs using this typology through Qualitative Comparative Analysis. The results of the analysis show that while what is called demographic representation is the most prevalent, there are variations in the types of representation among different models of DMPs. This points to untapped potential.
Based on the empirical findings, the thesis argues for three primary considerations. Firstly, there is a need to reconsider the representation in DMPs, given the limitations of demographic representation. Secondly, we need to take a closer look at how we select people for DMPs. It's important to make this process more open and understandable, and to carefully consider how the institutions are structured. Finally, we should change the definition of DMPs so that random selection is no longer a crucial part of it. This is important to avoid geographical and representational issues.Politisk Representasjon og Borgerpaneler
Det nåværende demokratiske systemet vårt står overfor mange utfordringer, og det er viktig å håndtere dem for å styrke moderne demokratier. Som respons på disse utfordringene har vi i det siste sett flere demokratiske innovasjoner dukke opp. Denne avhandlingen fokuserer på en slik innovasjon: borgerpaneler. Interessen for borgerpaneler har økt betydelig, og de blir sett på som et nyttig verktøy for å adressere noen av dagens demokratiske utfordringer.
Selv om økt deltakelse fra borgerne er viktig, må det skje med forsiktighet. Uten grundig vurdering kan økt deltakelse bidra til samfunnsmessig ulikhet ved å gi de mest innflytelsesrike enda en plattform for å forme politikken. Med andre ord kan økt deltakelse utilsiktet forsterke overrepresentasjonen av allerede privilegerte grupper, noe som kan forverre politisk ulikhet.
Derfor er det viktig å evaluere deltakelsesprosesser basert på hvor godt de oppnår demokratisk representasjon. For å forstå hvilken rolle borgerpaneler kan eller bør ha i et demokratisk system, er det avgjørende å forstå deres kvalitet og potensial når det gjelder representasjon. Denne avhandlingen bidrar til denne diskusjonen ved å undersøke hvilken type representasjon borgerpaneler oppnår.
For å utforske dette, utvikler avhandlingen en typologi for representasjon. Deretter undersøker avhandlingen representasjonen i 329 borgerpaneler ved hjelp av denne typologien gjennom Qualitative Comparative Analysis. Resultatene av analysen viser at selv om det som kalles demografisk representasjon er den mest utbredte, er det variasjoner i typer representasjon mellom ulike modeller av borgerpaneler. Dette peker på et uutnyttet potensial.
Basert på de empiriske funnene, argumenterer avhandlingen for tre primære hensyn. For det første er det behov for å revurdere representasjonen i borgerpaneler, gitt begrensningene i demografisk representasjon. For det andre må vi se nærmere på hvordan vi velger ut folk til borgerpaneler. Det er viktig å gjøre denne prosessen mer åpen og forståelig, og å tenke nøye gjennom hvordan institusjonene er bygd opp. Til slutt bør vi endre definisjonen av borgerpaneler, slik at tilfeldig utvalg ikke lenger er en avgjørende del av det. Dette er viktig for å unngå geografiske og representasjonsmessige problemer.Fulltext not availabl
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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