1,721,045 research outputs found
Africa in world agricultural trade : participation in global value chain
No full textAgricultural trade and global food security have been dramatically affected by a series of events. While the global economy is recovering in 2022 from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine has sparked new and challenging problems. In a context where agricultural prices were recovering from a generalized surge throughout the pandemic, the war reversed these trends and opened an new episode of rising food prices, general inflationary pressures, and increased volatility. The combination of these shocks affects agricultural trade and food security throughout Africa, especially in countries highly dependent on food imports. The role of trade in creating resilience in this volatile environment is crucial and has been much discussed. From this perspective, the 2022 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor (AATM) contributes to our understanding of African agricultural trade and its relationship with food and nutrition security in several important ways. First, it provides a thorough analysis of regional and continental trade in agriculture and selected value chains using accurate statistics developed for this report. This year, it adds an analysis of the nutritional content of African trade and looks closely at the trade in processed products. Second, it examines the potentially transformative impact of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) on the region’s economies. Third, at the regional level, it analyzes the evolution of intra- as well as extra-regional trade flows, and trade policy of one of Africa’s Regional Economic Communities (RECs), namely the Economic Community of Central Africa States (ECCAS). As in prior editions, this fifth AATM provides improved trade statistics and uses consistent indicators to monitor trends in Africa’s participation in global trade as well as the status of intra-African trade. The report highlights three main findings. First, the insertion of African countries in global and regional value chains is low but has recently improved. Indeed, both forward participation in value chains (that is, provision of inputs to other countries’ processing sectors) and backward participation (incorporation of imported intermediates into African traded products) have increased, although forward links have grown faster than backward links. Second, intra-African trade increased significantly prior to the pandemic in most RECs, especially in processed products. Yet, this trend was halted by the COVID-19 shock, especially in ECCAS and the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU). Third, the nutritional content of extra-African trade is concentrated in products with a high value and a low caloric content. In comparison, intra-African flows are more intensive in calories, fat, and protein. The report also examines a number of special topics. One chapter is devoted to modeling the impacts on trade, growth, and welfare of several potential approaches to AfCFTA implementation. The results confirm that there is a high opportunity cost associated with weak AfCFTA implementation, which is why it is crucial to take a more ambitious approach that fully liberalizes tariffs and reduces nontariff measures. The 2022 AATM also conducts a detailed analysis of trends and policy issues in value chains for stimulants (cocoa, coffee, and tea), demonstrating that trade in these sectors is still concentrated in unprocessed products. Finally, the report examines in-depth the patterns of trade integration within ECCAS. One important finding is that intraregional trade is still impeded by many tariffs, nontariff measures, and poor transport infrastructure. AKADEMIYA2063 and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) are pleased to present this collaborative report, which provides an insightful review of Africa’s progress in trade development, within and beyond the continent, and new analysis on critical topics for trade in Africa’s agrifood sector
Africa agriculture trade monitor 2020
No full textThe 2020 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor, the third in this series of flagship reports, presents an overview of trade in agriculture products in Africa and highlights the main impediments that affect intra- and extra-African trade. This year’s report includes chapters focusing on intra-Africa trade integration for agricultural products, including the role of nontariff measures, and on the competitiveness of African value chains that are crucial for food security (cereals, sugar, vegetable oils). The importance and measurement of informal cross-border trade for agricultural products is also examined. The final chapter looks at regional integration experiences in Southern Africa, with a focus on the Southern Africa Development Community. The report offers policy recommendations for improving agricultural exports performance, especially in the context of the unprecedented uncertainty the world is facing with the COVID-19 pandemic.
This record also includes the synopsis and its translation:
Bouët, Antoine, ed.; Odjo, Sunday P., ed.; and Zaki, Chahir, ed. 2020. Africa agriculture trade monitor 2020: Synopsis. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896293977
Bouët, Antoine, ed.; Odjo, Sunday P., ed.; and Zaki, Chahir, ed. 2021. Moniteur du commerce agricole en Afrique 2020: Synopsis. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://doi.org/10.2499/978089629409
Africa agriculture trade monitor 2019
No full textThe second annual Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor assesses emerging and long-term trends and drivers shaping Africa’s trade in agricultural products and evaluates the possible impacts of current trade tensions. The 2019 report focuses on intraregional trade and competitiveness, with chapters on measuring regional trade integration and competitiveness of agriculture, a feature chapter on the potential impact of global trade tensions, and an in-depth look at trade integration in the Eastern and Southern Africa region.PRIFPRI1; ReSAKSS; AGRODEP; Africa Regional Integration and the AfCFTA; CRP2AFR; MTID; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Africa agriculture trade monitor 2023
No full textThe 2023 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor, a flagship publication of AKADEMIYA2063 and the International Food Policy Research Institute, provides an overview of trade in agriculture in Africa, including analysis of short- and long-term trends and drivers behind Africa’s global trade, intra-African trade, and trade within Africa’s regional economic communities. The 2023 report highlights the growing treat of climate change to trade; looks closely at the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on food security and poverty; draws on the report’s robust trade database to analyze African agrifood trade and nutrition; examines the types of trade agreements that successfully boost trade, and the implications for the African Continental Free Trade Area Agreement; and includes focused chapters on the competitiveness of cotton value chains in Africa and world trade and on trade integration in Economic Community of Central African States.PRIFPRI2; ReSAKSS; AGRODEP; Africa Regional Integration and the AfCFTA; CRP2Markets, Trade, and Institutions (MTI); Food and Nutrition Polic
Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor 2019
No full textTrade is key to Africa’s long-term sustainable economic growth and transformation. Boosting intra-African agricultural trade can help generate jobs for women and youth in agricultural value chains, raise incomes, and improve food security and nutrition. Recognizing the enormous potential benefits offered by trade, African leaders reaffirmed their commitment, through Agenda 2063 and the Malabo Declaration, to promoting greater intra-African trade. They have committed to raising the level of trade-related investments and to improving trade infrastructure, policies, institutions, and trade facilitation. Agenda 2063 calls for fast-tracking the establishment of a continental free trade area while the Malabo Declaration calls for tripling intra-African trade in agricultural commodities and services by 2025
Extra- and Intra-African Trade Flows
No full textSunday Odjo POLICY SEMINAR Virtual Event - The African Agriculture Trade Monitor 2020 Co-Organized by IFPRI and AKADEMIYA2063 OCT 20, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 10:45 AM ED
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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