277 research outputs found
Vaclav Klaus and "nature"
No full textThesis is based on the views of authors of sociology of knowledge (Berger, Luckman, Bourdieu) and authors of discourse analysis (Foucault, Fairclough). The central assumption is that knowledge is socially constructed and that this construction has its strong ideological and hierarchic aspects. Author is analyzing books and texts of Vaclav Klaus using the critical discourse analysis. Author is convinced that Vaclav Klaus has a substantive influence on public opinion in Czech Republic. Also author is convinced the struggle in the discussion over environmental topics is based in different basic assupmtions of discussion participant. Thus author decided to analyse the Vaclav Klaus's basic assumptions for the notions of nature and environment
Microstructural evolution in additive manufacturing with high power lasers: Deposition, characterization and performance
Full text linkHigh power lasers provide time and cost effective method for metallic surface modification. In this work these modifications are explored as: 1) a simple melting and subsequent rapid solidification of a metallic surface – resulting in superior properties post-treatment; 2) deposition of an additional metallic layer on top of exiting metallic surface with an excellent metallurgical bonding which can function as a protective coating and/or be used to construct 3D structures. A simple model for the prediction of a resulting geometry of the laser based metallic deposition is presented which is able to make predictions based entirely on initial processing parameters (which can easily be tuned) with applications towards 3D printing and tool repair. The particular industrial application of this works centres on steel manufacturing process, where the laser re-melting and laser based metallic deposition is used to improve the performance of rolls that deliver slab metal during steel production. Solutions to a number of existing challenges are presented such: superior wear resistance, dramatic reduction in build-up of undesirable material. Additionally a guidelines are presented for both understanding the build-up mechanism and thermal degradation of metal which are linked to microstructural and elemental properties – thus providing an understanding how to address new challenges in the future
Vaclav Havel : le premier président postmoderne?
Full text linkDans cet article, l’auteur tente de cerner la pensée philosophico-politique du dramaturge tchèque et ex-dissident Vaclav Havel. À la lumière de sa critique à l’égard de la modernité et de l’européocentrisme, l’auteur s’interroge sur la portée de la réflexion de celui qui fut porté à la présidence de son pays suite à la révolution de velours, et se demande si elle peut s’inscrire dans le sillon postmoderniste.In this article, the author tries to define the philosophical and political thought of the Czech dramatist and the ex-dissident Vaclav Havel. In the light of his critical position against modernity and europeocentrism, the author is questioning himself about the Havel's thought's impact, and wondering if this one can be connected with the postmodern thought
Laser-deposited metallic coatings: processing, characterization, alloy development
Full text linkSterkere beschermlagen aanbrengen met lasers Het proefschrift van Ismail Hemmati gaat over het aanbrengen van beschermende lagen met behulp van laserbundels. Laserbekleden, ook wel laserdepositie genoemd, en de verwante technieken worden ook gebruikt om beschadigde onderdelen te repareren en om 3-dimensionale voorwerpen te maken. Bij deze techniek wordt de energie van een krachtige laserbundel aangewend om het materiaal voor de beschermende laag te smelten en op een substraat aan te brengen. Zo worden dichte, goed hechtende lagen gemaakt. Verschillende materialen worden gebruikt voor de laag, zoals staal, nikkel- en kobaltlegeringen en composieten van metaal en keramiek. In zijn proefschrift bestudeert Hemmati de microstructuur en eigenschappen van de lasergedeponeerde lagen als functie van de verwerkingsomstandigheden en de legeringschemie. Met behulp van (o.a. elektronen- en optische) microscopie worden de microstructuur, breukmechanismes en de fases gekarakteriseerd. Het probleem van breukvorming in laserbekleden is tot in detail onderzocht en enkele oplossingen worden aangedragen. Daarnaast worden functionele eigenschappen zoals hardheid, slijtvastheid en roestweerstand geëvalueerd. Op basis van deze bevindingen wordt de relatie tussen verwerkingsomstandigheden en microstructuur vastgesteld en worden nieuwe nikkellegeringen ontwikkeld. De nieuwe legeringen leveren betere laageigenschappen op dan bestaande commerciële legeringen. Het doel van dit onderzoek was om de technische kennis te ontwikkelen om beschermende lagen te maken voor maritieme toepassingen, zoals de baggerindustrie. Beschermende lagen die met een laser zijn aangebracht, zijn geschikt om de bestaande lagen voor maritieme en verwante toepassingen te vervangen
Microscopy study of advanced engineering materials:Crystallography and methodology
Full text linkDit onderzoek concentreert zich op de verandering van de microstructuur door (industriële) behandelingen in geavanceerde materialen. Kristallen zijn de bouwstenen van metalen en hun oriëntatie speelt een belangrijke rol in het mechanische en oxidatie gedrag. Met Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) hebben wij de kristaloriëntatieverdeling, ook wel textuur genoemd, in kaart gebracht in materialen op een globaal en lokaalniveau. In dit proefschrift de kristallografische verandering in verschillende complexe materialen zijn bestudeerd en gekoppeld aan fysische mechanismen. We bestudeerden: de vervorming, warmtebehandeling en oxidatie van AISI 420 roestvast staal, productie van nanoporous goud door etsen en geblust Al0.7CoCrFeNi. Industriële processen bewerkstelligen een verandering in de textuur en dit is in detail bestudeerd voor vervorming en warmtebehandelingen. Aan het oppervlak, zwaar vervormde gebieden op het staal zijn een goede indicator voor het voorspellen waar oxidatie begint en de groei van de oxidatie laag hangt sterk af van de kristalvlak aan het oppervlak. Het etsen van goud-zilverfolie levert nanoporous goudfolie op. Het etsproces laat het materiaal achter met een betere passing van de kristallen en een versterkte textuur op een lokaal en globaal niveau door reorganisatie van goud atomen. Voor Al0.7CoCrFeNi, een legering van vijf elementen maar met twee kristalfases, de relatie tussen de kristaloriëntatie op het grensvlak van de twee fases is bestudeerd. Een relatie an sich is niet bijzonder door de passing van de kristallen; echter in dit geval een doorlopende relatie tussen twee theoretische relaties is gevonden. Dit effect is toegeschreven aan de lokale variatie in compositie in het materiaal
Material structure and functionality in product manufacturing
Full text linkThis work concentrates on the properties and functionality of materials used in product manufacturing. Special attention is paid to the relation between the material microstructure and its performance. The goal is to reveal the underlying mechanisms which have a controlling influence on the shape change and surface properties of metallic components. The shape change of components is caused by residual stresses. These stresses relax due to a creep process which results in a permanent distortion. In this work the process has been modelled, which allows for a study of the contribution of individual process parameters to the shape change. The surface properties depend heavily on the chemical composition of the top layer. This layer sometimes has a thickness of only a few nanometers, but can change for example due to exposure to the high temperatures in a furnace. The growth of the oxide layer and the change of the chemical composition has been mapped with high precision. An important discovery during this investigation is that the crystal orientation of the grains at the surface has a predominant influence on the thickness and composition of the oxide layer. From this has been concluded that the generic surface properties can be guided by manipulating the orientation of the crystals at the surface. The results of this work can, after the right implementation, contribute to the optimalisation of metal product manufacturing and help to improve the quality of the final product
Library of Vaclav Cerny
No full textThis thesis presents the personality of Vaclav Cerny and his personal library. First, the author turns the Černý's professional resume. The second part focuses on the critical activities readership portrait and popular heroes. Another part is defined Černý's personal library, general characteristics, its formation, the ways in which Černý harvested books, his work with books, literature review, and libraries that Černý visited during his life. The final part describes in detail the part of the library with existential literature, deals with the forerunners of existentialism and the Czech and foreign representatives of this philosophical direction
Georgian translations of Vaclav Havel's texts
No full textThe translation is of special significance for the history of culture, since it implies not only overcoming of lingual borders, but it serves as the breakthrough in cultural, historic and social dams and the intellectual „conquest” of new geographical area. The principle of “intercultural” translation is based on a transfer of cultural tradition. Back in the old world, it was called “translatio”. European culture developed three major modifications of “translatio”: translation - 1) translatio religionis, that is translation of true religion; 2) translatio imperii - that is translation of ideal state management and 3) translatio studii – translation of science and true wisdom. Thus, the idea of translation is interpreted as a transfer of spiritual inheritance, translation of definite spiritual values.
In the history of the world, there are persons, whose life and activity stimulate others, whose strength and unwavering position inspires, and their ideas strengthen and fill others with the hope for the future. Vaclav Havel, Czech drama playwright, essayist, and a poet belongs to namely such group of people, who passed his life road from dissidence to the post of a president and whose ideas are especially urgent for present day society.
The author of the present report has been publishing translations of Vaclav Havel’s works of various genres – essays, plays, interviews from the Czech language from the 90s of the 20th century. In the present report, the author offers her observations on the specificity of her translation on Vaclav Havel’s texts. She makes emphasis on the peculiarities of Havel’s language, which in his works often bears a function of expression of a pressure of totalitarian regime on a man
ON A PHYSICAL NATURE OF THE YIELD STRESS ANISOTROPY OF AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS RIBBONS
No full textExperimental results on an anisotropy of the yield stress (ductile failure stress) under tension of some amorphous alloys ribbons are approximated on the basis of two models of the anisotropy proposed by authors: the internal quenching stresses model and the model of oriented polyatomic clusters. Different models give an adequate description of the yield stress (ductile failure stress) anisotropy in different amorphous alloys.</p
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