1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Investigating the occurrence and sources of Microplastic contaminants discharged into Nakivubo Channel, Kampala City
No full textA thesis submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering of Makerere University.Microplastics (MPs) are microscopic and ubiquitous emerging organic contaminants with marked potential to bind, concentrate and act as carriers of other toxic compounds and pathogenic microorganisms. Whereas Microplastics (MPs) (i.e., plastic particles or fragments less than 5 mm in size) have been extensively studied in the marine environment, reliable data on their sources and pathways in freshwater ecosystems are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence, characteristics and sources of MPs in Nakivubo channel that drains into L. Victoria, the largest freshwater lake in Africa. Surface water was sampled from thirteen (13) different points (S1 to S13; n = 117) along Nakivubo channel and its tributaries during the dry and wet seasons as well as on the onset of the rains. The samples were extracted and subjected to microscopic and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. The obtained results showed that all the samples had MPs ranging from 1568.6 ± 1473.8 particles/m3 during dry period to 2140.39 ± 3670.07 particles/m3 during the wet season. The concentration of MPs was higher in upstream reaches compared to downstream possibly due to flow dilution effects along the channel. The mean output of MPs (microplastic fluxes) from Nakivubo channel into Lake Victoria was approximately 293.96 million particles/day. The highest mean abundance of MPs (5,466.7 ± 6441.70 particles/m3) was for samples from site S3, which is characterized by poor waste management within the market area i.e., Owino market, Kisenyi bus park, car washing bay, direct discharge of wastewater and domestic water from hotels and presence of plastic collection/dumping sites. Filaments (79.7%) and fragments (17.9%) were the most common form of MPs and majorly originated from domestic effluents and surface runoff, while polyethylene (75.4%) and polyethylene-polypropylene (16.0%) were the major polymer types in the sample, explainable by its low density and wide usage in various consumer products. We found that spatial distribution of MPs was significantly different (P<0.05) for tributaries with poor waste management, within markets, bus park, car washing bay, informal settlements or waste collection and dumping sites. Our results further showed that microplastic abundances are highest during the wet season in Nakivubo channel, plausibly due to the remobilisation of plastic debris in the catchment during rain events. The results suggest, more efforts are required to improve on existing plastic waste management strategies within the hotspot areas such as markets, informal settlement areas and areas close to channels and tributaries. The waste management strategies should geared towards mitigation of MPs bioaccumulation, possible trophic transfer and biomagnification in biota and sedimentary phase of the receiving L. Victoria.This study was funded by the Austrian Partnership Programme in Higher Education and Research for Development (APPEAR) through its academic partnership project 249: Environmental Chemistry for Sustainable Development (ECSDevelop) hosted at Makerere University, Uganda. APPEAR is a Programme of the Austrian Development Cooperation and is implemented by Austria’s Agency for Education and Internationalization (OeAD) under OEZA Project number: 0894-01/2020
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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