1,720,983 research outputs found
Gouvernance et formation du capital humain en Afrique subsaharienne
No full textThe objective of this work is to determine governance indicators that foster human capital formation in Sub Saharan Africa. To this end, governance indicators are integrated into an education production model on the one hand and a health production model on the other. The education production model is estimated using the system generalized method of moments on a panel of 36 countries observed over the period 1996-2018. The health production model is estimated using the two stages least squares on a panel of 45 countries observed over the same period. The data used are from the World Bank. In general, the results show that improvements in government effectiveness foster human capital formation in Sub Saharan Africa. For education, improvements in government effectiveness increase access to primary, secondary and tertiary education in the region. For health, improved political stability and the absence of violence, and improved government effectiveness foster the reduction of under-five child mortality, maternal mortality rates and increase life expectancy at birth. These results call on African governments to improve their effectiveness in delivering public education and health services to enable citizens to acquire and increase their level of education and enjoy better health outcomes.L’objectif de ce travail est de déterminer les indicateurs de gouvernance qui améliorent la formation du capital humain en Afrique subsaharienne. Pour ce faire, des indicateurs de gouvernance sont intégrés dans un modèle de production de l’éducation d’une part et un modèle de production de la santé, d’autre part. Le modèle de production de l’éducation est estimé à l’aide de la méthode des moments généralisés en système sur un panel de 36 pays observés sur la période allant de 1996 à 2018. Le modèle de production de la santé, lui, est estimé par la méthode des doubles moindres carrés sur un panel de 45 pays observés sur la même période. Les données utilisées proviennent de la Banque mondiale. En général, les résultats montrent que l’amélioration de l’efficacité des pouvoirs publics favorise la formation du capital humain en Afrique subsaharienne. Pour l’éducation, l’amélioration de l’efficacité des pouvoirs publics favorise l’accroissement de l’accès à l’éducation primaire, secondaire et supérieure dans la région. Pour la santé, l’amélioration de la stabilité politique et absence de violence et de l’efficacité des pouvoirs publics favorise la réduction de la mortalité des enfants de moins de cinq ans, de la mortalité maternelle et l’accroissement de l’espérance de vie à la naissance. Ces résultats invitent les gouvernements africains à améliorer leur efficacité dans l’offre de services publics d’éducation et de santé pour permettre aux citoyens d’acquérir et d’accroître leur niveau d’éducation et de jouir d’une meilleure santé
Evaluation de la mise en œuvre de la Convention sur le Commerce International des Especes de Faune et de Flore Sauvages Menacees d'Extinction (CITES) au Burkina Faso
Get PDFX, 54, [23] páginas.Trabajo Fin de Máster Propio. Tutores: Dr. Dibloni Ollo Theophile ; Yameogo Dieudonne. Le Burkina Faso est Partie à la Convention sur le Commerce International des Espèces
de Faune et de Flore Sauvages menacées d’extinction (CITES) depuis 1989 et a consenti
des efforts pour son application. Après une trentaine d’année, il semble important
d’apprécier l’efficacité de la mise en œuvre de cette convention. La présente étude
conduite de juillet 2022 à mars 2023 vise à caractériser l’importation, l’exportation, la
réexportation et la gestion des spécimens saisis et confisqués suivant les principes de
préservation des espèces CITES. Il s’agit d’analyser le système juridique, de contrôle mis
en place et du cadre de collaboration et de coordination en matière de mise en œuvre de
la CITES. L’étude tente aussi de déterminer les enjeux, les lacunes et les besoins relatifs
à l’application des dispositions de la CITES au Burkina Faso.
L’étude a consisté à des enquêtes sociales auprès des différents acteurs locaux de mise en
œuvre de la convention, à l’exploitation des données sur le commerce et l’analyse des
copies des permis CITES délivrés et à des interviews semi-structurés à l’endroit des
personnes de ressources.
Il ressort de cette étude, une connaissance partielle de la CITES par les acteurs locaux.
L’analyse des résultats révèle que 70 % des agents d’application de la loi connaissent la
CITES en tant que convention et que 53% ont une connaissance sur ses domaines
d’interventions, l’organe de gestion, l’autorité scientifique ainsi que les procédures de la
convention. Les résultats de l’étude confirment la persistance du trafic illicite des espèces
sauvages et Loxodonta africana est l’espèce la plus menacée par ce trafic. Ils montrent
aussi que 34% des saisies recensées au cours de l’étude concerne les ivoires. L’étude a
également mis en lumière une faible coordination entre les différentes structures de
contrôle. Elle fait ressortir l’absence de juridiction spécifique aux infractions
environnementales et l’absence de législation spécifique à la CITES.
Pour améliorer la mise en œuvre de la CITES au Burkina Faso, il faudra adapter le cadre
législatif national de manière à prendre en compte les dispositions de la CITES et
renforcer les capacités techniques, financières et humaines des structures en charge du
contrôle. La mise en place de cadre formalisé de collaboration entre les structures ayant
en charge l’application de la loi est nécessitée, comme aussi l’adoption d’un plan d’action
de mise en œuvre de la CITES au Burkina Faso.Burkina Faso has been a party to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered
Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) since 1989 and has made efforts to implement
it. After thirty years, it seems important to assess the effectiveness of the implementation
of this convention. The present study, conducted from July 2022 to March 2023, aims to
characterize the import, export, re-export and management of seized and confiscated
specimens according to the principles of preservation of CITES species threatened by
over-exploitation. It analyzes the legal and control system in place and the framework for
collaboration and coordination in the implementation of CITES. The study also attempts
to identify issues, gaps and needs related to the implementation of CITES provisions in
Burkina Faso.
The study consisted of surveys of the various local actors involved in the implementation
of the convention, the analysis of trade data and copies of CITES permits issued, and
semi-structured interviews with resource persons.
The study revealed a partial knowledge of CITES among local actors. Analysis of the
results reveals that 70% of the law enforcement officers are aware of CITES as a
convention and 53% have knowledge of its areas of intervention, the management body,
the scientific authority and the procedures of the convention. The results of the study
confirm the persistence of illegal wildlife trafficking and Loxodonta africana is the
species most threatened by this traffic. The results also show that 34% of the seizures
recorded during the study concerned ivory. The study also highlighted the weak
coordination between the different control structures. It also highlighted the absence of a
specific jurisdiction for environmental offenses and the absence of specific CITES
legislation.
To improve the implementation of CITES in Burkina Faso, the national legislative
framework must be adapted to consider the provisions of CITES and the technical,
financial, and human capacities of the enforcement structures must be strengthened. The
establishment of a formalized framework for collaboration between the structures in
charge of law enforcement is necessary, as well as the adoption of an action plan for the
implementation of CITES in Burkina Faso
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Public policies promoting the informal economy: effects on incomes, employment and growth in Burkina Faso
Get PDFThis paper aims to analyze the impact on incomes, employment and growth, of public policies enhancing the access to capital and liquidity for the informal economy in Burkina Faso. Specifically it assesses the direct effects of these public policies on the informal economy outcomes, and the indirect effects on the formal sector, the agricultural sector as well as the economic growth. For that purpose, policy shocks are simulated through the PEP standard single-country and static Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model adapted to the structure of the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM-2008) developed by the IFPRI for Burkina Faso. Our results show that a 10% increase in the stock of capital in the informal sector results in a paradoxical contraction of the informal sector and the formal sector while the agricultural sector expands. The employment rises in the informal sector whereas it drops in the formal sector. The incomes improve marginally for the own account workers and the farmers while it decrease for the public and private salaried workers. Finally the GDP at basic prices shrinks weakly. Likewise a 10% increase in public transfers for the informal households enhances only the incomes of the latter but causes an eviction effect on the public investment leading to negative spillovers on all the sectors, the incomes and the GDP
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