1,721,120 research outputs found
Spinal cord stimulation and relief from impaired ambulation and lower extremities spasticity. A clinical and electromyographic experience in patients with multiple sclerosis
No full text
Evaluation of cervical posture following rapid maxillary expansion: a review of literature.
No full textEffects of volitional contraction on intracortical inhibition and facilitation in the human motor cortex
No full textShort-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF) and short-interval
intracortical facilitation (SICF) were assessed in the cortical motor area of the first dorsal
interosseous muscle (FDI) of 16 healthy subjects. Paired-pulse TMS was delivered to the left
hemisphere at the following interstimulus intervals (ISIs): 2 and 3 ms for SICI, 10 and 15 ms for
ICF and 1–5 ms for SICF. Motor-evoked potentials were recorded from the resting and active
right FDI. The effects exerted on SICI and ICF by four intensities (60–90% of active motor
threshold, AMT) of the conditioning stimulus (S1) and by three levels of muscle contraction
(10%, 25%, 50% of maximal voluntary contraction, MVC) were evaluated. The effects exerted
on SICF were evaluatedwith two intensities (90% and 70% ofAMT) of the test stimulus (S2) and
with the same levels ofmuscle contraction. Results showed that: (i) during 10%MVC, maximum
SICI was observed with S1=70% AMT; (ii) the amount of SICI obtained with S1=70% AMT
was the same at rest as during 10%MVC, but decreased at higher contraction levels; (iii) ICF was
observed only at rest with S1=90% AMT; (iv) SICF was facilitated at 10% and 25% MVC, but
not at 50% MVC. We conclude that during muscle activation, intracortical excitability reflects
a balance between activation of SICI and SICF systems. Part of the reduction in SICI during
contraction is due to superimposed recruitment of SICF. Lowintensity (70%AMT) conditionin
VESTIBULO-MASSETERIC REFLEX (VMR) AND ACOUSTIC-MASSETERIC REFLEX (AMR): NORMATIVE VALUES
No full textObjective
To gain normative values for VMR and AMR, two myogenic potentials recently described in masseter muscles (MM), which normal values for clinical use have not been defined yet.
Methods
Sixty healthy subjects (aged 13-66 years; 39 females) underwent VMR and AMR recording, during unilateral and bilateral clicks (0.1ms, 143-108dB-SPL, 5Hz), from active MM, through surface electrodes in a belly-to-tendon double montage (active electrode over MM belly, reference over the mandible angle and zygomatic arch). VMR and AMR onset and peak latencies as well as corrected amplitudes (ratio) were calculated in the averaged unrectified-EMG, according to stimulation/recording side, electrode montage and sample demographics.
Results
VMR and AMR were bilateral and symmetric, with no significant age-related differences. Following bilateral stimulation, onsets were 8.07±0.98ms and 12.06±1.90ms, positive-peaklatencies were 11.2±0.88ms and 15.37±1.10ms, ratios were 0.64±0.28 and 0.51±0.26, respectively. Unilateral stimulation induced responses of similar latency but 30-35% smaller (p<0.001) than bilateral stimulation. The electrode montage with zigomatic reference provided the largest and more consistent responses, with AMR occurring significantly earlier in women than in men (p<0.01).
Conclusions and Significance
Availability of normative values for VMR and AMR can offer clinicians an additional tool to test brainstem circuits in normal and pathological conditions
Erratum: A New Device Improves Signs and Symptoms of TMD (Pain Research and Management (2020) DOI: 10.1155/2019/5646143)
No full textIn the article titled A New Device Improves Signs and Symptoms of TMD [1], we would like to clarify the title, the authorship, the provenance of the device with the International Academy of Posture and Neuromyofascial Occlusion Research (I.A.P.N.O.R.), and details of the methods. !e article has been updated, and the original version is available in the supplementary materials
Efficacy of Elastodontic Devices vs. Clear Aligners in Lower Intercanine Distance Changes Assessed by Computer-Aided Evaluation
Full text linkBackground: This pilot study aimed to verify the efficacy of two orthodontic appliances in relation to changes in the lower intercanine distance in growing patients. Methods: Twenty patients aged 10-16 years were enrolled in the study and separated into test and control groups. The test group included 10 patients (5 males, 5 females; mean age, 10.4 +/- 1.57 years) who were treated with an elastodontic device. The control group included 10 patients (5 males, 5 females; mean age 10.8 +/- 1.53 years) who were treated with clear aligners. The two groups exhibited the same orthodontic features. The orthodontic criteria were: skeletal class I relationship, molar class I relationship, and presence of lower crowding. Patients were evaluated as having mild or moderate crowding according to the Daniels and Richmond index. The lower intercanine distance was evaluated at three timepoints via intraoral scans: T0 (before starting therapy), T1 (after six months), and T2 (after 1 year). Data were analyzed using a nonparametric approach via the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at T0, T1, or T2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: elastodontic devices and clear aligners can successfully help the orthodontist conduct lower arch expansion treatment. These appliances are comfortable to wear, simple to clean every day, and reduce the number of dentist appointments. Finally, but not of least importance, these devices have allowed dentists to continue orthodontic treatments during the lockdowns of the COVID-19 pandemic
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Oropharyngeal airway changes after rapid maxillary expansion: the state of the art
No full textThe aim of this article is to elucidate the state of the art about how rapid maxillary expansion (RME) produces changes in the oropharyngeal airways in terms of CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) data during the growth period, according to the available literature. Electronic search was done from January 2009 to April 2014 on PubMed and Scopus databases; in addition manual search was conducted as well. According to keywords, seven papers were eligible for our purpose, but definitely five papers were selected in agreement with the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The current literature suggests that the potential relationship between RME and oropharyngeal airway changes is still unclear. In fact, although the pharyngeal airway changes after the rapid palatal expansion are evident clinically, current orthodontic literature does not provide conclusive evidence about the nature of this relationshi
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