1,720,973 research outputs found
Anaemia in diabetic renal failure: is there a role for early erythropoietin treatment in preventing cardiovascular mortality?
No full textThe mortality rate in diabetics with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is seven times higher than end-stage renal disease mainly because of cardiac causes. Anaemia may have a relevant role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular (CV) disease in CKD. Anaemia occurs at an earlier stage of CKD in diabetic individuals than in those with other causes of CKD. Observational findings support the unfavourable influence of anaemia on mortality in CKD patients, and the combination of anaemia and CKD in diabetics identifies a group with a particularly high mortality risk. While the effect of erythropoietin on these patients' quality of life is known, its impact on mortality and CV risk is uncertain. The recent Anaemia Correction in Diabetes (ACORD) trial in diabetic CKD patients, which targeted haemoglobin levels of 13-15 mg/dl, disclosed no statistically significant favourable or adverse effects on mortality or morbidity over the 2-year follow-up, while other studies endeavouring to nearly normalize haemoglobin have reportedly proved risky. Even if anaemia is causally involved, the pathogenesis of CV disease in diabetics with CKD is so complex that addressing just one factor (anaemia) may not suffice to prevent CV risk, and normalizing haemoglobin levels may even be harmful
Primary cutaneous plasmacytoma after rejection of a transplanted kidney: Case report and review of the literature
No full textImmunosuppressed organ allograft recipients are at risk of developing
lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders as a consequence of
immunosuppressive therapy and long-term antigenic stimulation from both the
graft and possible viral infections. No more than 4% of the malignant
tumors detected in organ recipients are plasmacytomas. Primary cutaneous
plasmacytoma is a rare type of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma arising primarily
in the skin. It is derived from clonally expanded plasma cells with various
degrees of maturation and atypia. We report the occurrence of a solitary
cutaneous plasmacytoma in a 56-year-old male patient undergoing
hemodialysis after rejection of a grafted kidney. The diagnosis was made a
few months after the kidney had been surgically removed. A thorough
examination showed no evidence of systemic disease. Skin lesions were
successfully treated with local radiotherapy. After 2 years of follow-up
there were no local or systemic recurrences
Mesenteric ischemia in hemodialysis patients: case report and review of the literature
No full textMesenteric infarction is increasingly observed in uremic elderly patients
with widespread atherosclerosis. A 77-year-old man on renal replacement
therapy since June 1997 was admitted because of abdominal pain. The
surgical diagnosis was massive intestinal infarction and the patient died a
few hours later. A colonoscopy had been performed a few weeks before and a
well-limited necrosis of the caecum mucosa had been detected. Hypotensive
episodes were frequent during his hemodialysis sessions. In this work we
discuss age, symptoms, laboratory investigations, risk factors and the
evolution of case reports published during the last few years.
Nephrologists should take into account the possibility of mesenteric
ischemia in uremic patients with manifest arterio-occlusive disease,
abdominal pain and leukocytosis, especially if hypotension is the major
complication of the hemodialysis sessions
Relationship between diabetes mellitus and degree of coronary artery disease in uraemic patients investigated with coronary angiography
No full textPrevalence of cardiovascular disease is high in diabetic patients on renal
replacement therapy (RRT); therefore we examined the role of diabetes
mellitus on determining the degree of coronary artery stenosis. Twenty-five
patients underwent coronary angiography, 12 were awaiting kidney
transplantation and the examination was performed regardless of cardiac
symptoms, 13 were affected by ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Diabetic and
nondiabetic status together with the other risk factors for cardiovascular
disease such as age, sex, length of time on RRT, smoking and elevated
phosphorus levels history, clinical diagnosis of IHD, cerebrovascular and
peripheral vascular disease, mean blood pressure, cholesterol,
triglycerides, calcium, phosphate, albumin, haemoglobin, haematocrit and
weekly dose of erythropoietin were derived from clinical records. All
investigated parameters were matched in diabetic (group 1, n=10) and
nondiabetic patients (group 2, n=15) and showed no differences. Clinical
evidence of IHD was detected in 80% of patients in group 1 and 46% in group
2 and the percentage of patients on the renal transplant waiting list was
not statistically different in the two groups (30 vs 60%). In 60% of
patients in group 1 there were 3 or more stenotic lesions equal or greater
than 75% of normal reference segment in the major coronary arteries, whilst
in 53% in group 2 there were no haemodynamically significant narrowings.
Narrowing percentage of the coronaries in group 1 and 2 were: right
coronary artery 83(plus or minus)30 vs 32(plus or minus)41 (p<0.05), left
anterior descending artery 80(plus or minus)25 vs 44(plus or minus)34
(p<0.05), left circumflex artery 46(plus or minus)37 vs 18(plus or minus)29
(p=0.05) respectively. Our study confirms that IHD is a clinical feature of
uraemic diabetic patients and that diabetes is the main cardiovascular risk
factor for determining the degree of coronary stenosis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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