1,720,964 research outputs found
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the orbit
No full textThe authors describe an unusual case of orbital inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) in a 17-year-old patient who presented with a painful exophthalmos of the left eye. After complete surgical excision, the mass was diagnosed as an IMT based on morphological and immunohistochemical features. No tumor recurrence was evident during 28-month follow-up. The authors discuss histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics and review the literature of orbital IMT. Copyright c 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel
Nestin expression in adult and developing human kidney
No full textNestin is considered a marker of neurogenic and myogenic precursor cells. Its arrangement is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), which is expressed in murine podocytes. We investigated nestin expression in human adult and fetal kidney as well as CDK5 presence in adult human podocytes. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that adult glomeruli display nestin immunoreactivity in vimentin-expressing cells with the podocyte morphology and not in cells bearing the endothelial marker CD31. Glomerular nestin-positive cells were CDK5 immunoreactive as well. Western blotting of the intermediate filament-enriched cytoskeletal fraction and coimmunoprecipitation of nestin with anti-CDK5 antibodies confirmed these results. Nestin was also detected in developing glomeruli within immature podocytes and a few other cells. Confocal microscopy of experiments conducted with antibodies against nestin and endothelial markers demonstrated that endothelial cells belonging to capillaries invading the lower cleft of S-shaped bodies and the immature glomeruli were nestin immunoreactive. Similar experiments carried out with antibodies raised against nestin and alpha-smooth muscle actin showed that the first mesangial cells that populate the developing glomeruli expressed nestin. In conclusion, nestin is expressed in the human kidney from the first steps of glomerulogenesis within podocytes, mesangial, and endothelial cells. This expression, restricted to podocytes in mature glomeruli, appears associated with CDK
Posttransplant primary cutaneous CD30 (Ki-1)-positive anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma. A case report.
No full textPediatric focally pigmented choroidal melanoma: Imaging with pathological correlation
Full text linkWe report a 9-year-old-boy with no predisposing factors who presented with left eye leukocoria from a complete retinal detachment at ophthalmoscopy. Imaging showed an intraocular dome-shaped mass of low to moderate internal reflectivity at ultrasound, low T2-weighted signal intensity, lack of T1-weighted high signal intensity, and subtle gadolinium-enhancement at magnetic resonance imaging, and lack of calcifications at computed tomography. Due to the rapid extensive intraocular growth, the affected eye was enucleated. Pathologic examination showed a choroidal melanoma with only focal pigmentation. Despite its very rare incidence in the pediatric population, choroidal melanoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of leukocoria. © 2013 - IOS Press and the authors
Blockade of the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as potential therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer
Full text linkPurpose: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare, highly aggressive form of thyroid cancer (TC) characterized by an aggressive behavior and poor prognosis, resulting in patients’ death within a year. Standard treatments, such as chemo and radiotherapy, as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, are ineffective for ATC treatment. Cancer immunotherapy is one of the most promising research area in oncology. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is of particular interest, in light of promising data showing a restoration of host immunity against tumours, with the prospect of long-lasting remissions.
Methods: In this study, we evaluated PD-L1 expression in a large series of TCs (20 cases) showing a progressive dedifferentiation of the thyroid tumour from well differentiated TC to ATC, employing two different antibodies [R&D Systems and VENTANA PD-L1 (SP263) Rabbit Monoclonal Primary Antibody]. We also tested the anti PD-L1 mAb in an in vivo animal model.
Results: We found that approximately 70-90% of ATC cases were positive for PD-L1 whereas normal thyroid and differentiated TC were negative. Moreover, all analyzed cases presented immunopositive staining in the endothelium of vessels within or in close proximity to the tumour, while normal thyroid vessels were negative. PD-L1 mAb was also effective in inhibiting ATC growth in an in vivo model.
Conclusions: These data suggest that immunotherapy may be a promising treatment specific for ATC suggesting the need to start with clinical TRIALs
Nestin expression in normal adrenal gland and adrenocortical tumors
Full text linkHuman adrenocortical cells have been shown to express cytokeratins and vimentin. Nestin is an intermediate filament protein that is mainly expressed in the developing nervous system and that has been recently reported in rat adrenal gland as well. Using immunohistochemical and biochemical approaches, the present study demonstrates that nestin is constantly expressed in situ in the cortex of normal human adrenal glands. Nestin expressing cells were prevalently located in the zona reticularis but some positive cells could be spotted in the zona fasciculata as well. Moreover, patches of nestin-positive cells have been constantly detected on sections of cortical adenomas. In contrast, adrenal carcinomas displayed a variable number of nestin-immunoreactive cells that in some cases were virtually absent. Samples of renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis in the adrenals were also examined which did not show nestin-immunoreactivity. We propose that a positive nestin-immunoreaction could be useful in differential diagnosis of clear cell tumors in adrenal glands
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
