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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Nafkah Mādliyah Istri Sebelum Perceraian Perspektif Keadilan (Studi Analisis Pandangan Fikih Islami Dalam Mazhab Hanafiyah dan Syafiiyah)
Full text linkPerceraian terus terjadi tanpa memandang status sosial baik dari kalangan artis, pejabat, tokoh dan masyarakat umum. Pasca perceraian banyak hal yang harus dipertanggung jawabkan dalam relasi suami-istri, karena problem yang sering muncul setelah perceraian adalah persoalan nafkah istri dan nafkah anak, harta bersama dan pengasuhan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisa pendapat Mazhab Hanafiyah dan Syafiiyah mengenai nafkah mādliyah istri sebelum perceraian dan memahami serta menganalisa proses terpenuhinya nafkah mādliyah istri sebelum perceraian perspektif keadilan. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian pustaka dan dikaji dengan hermeneutika hukum, Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metodologi istidlal hukum Islam (manhajiyatul-istidlal) dan pendekatan komparatif dan historical untuk mendeskripsikan proses dan tujuan dari nafkah mādliyah dalam bingkai keadilan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mazhab Hanafi tidak diwajibkan pembayaran nafkah lampau kecuali melalui peradilan dan kerelaan antara keduanya sedangkan Mazhab Syafii menyatakan bahwa nafkah lampau merupakan hutang yang wajib untuk dibayarkan dan pembayaran hutang tidak memerlukan putusan peradilan
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Tahlìl fatwà al tashabbuh bighairi al muslimìn fì al ihtifàl bira'si al sanah al mìlàdiyah fì jazìrah madura 'inda al imàm 'ali jum'ah (sertifikat hak cipta)
Full text linkA fatwa is a matter of great significance in Islam. The issuer of a fatwa represents the role of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in continuing his prophetic mission by providing explanations in accordance with the will of God. Therefore, issuing a fatwa is not an easy task, and it is not appropriate for everyone to assume the ability to issue fatwas without undergoing a thorough thought process.
It is not permissible for someone to issue a fatwa to the general public unless they possess expertise in the fields of Islamic sciences and have a strong command of fiqh (jurisprudence) and usul al-fiqh (principles of jurisprudence), along with the appropriate methods and objectives (maqasid). This raises the question of how to formulate a method for issuing fatwas from the perspective of Imam Ali Gomaa and why scholars pay great attention to the formation of fatwa methods
This research falls under normative research using the literature method, which involves reviewing texts from classical and contemporary fiqh books, as well as fatwa rulings. The findings of this study indicate that the process of issuing a fatwa should go through four stages: al-tashwir (defining the issue), al-takyif (exploring the details), explaining the legal ruling, and making the final fatwa decision
The issuer of a fatwa must adhere firmly to the fatwa method, which includes understanding the texts and the reality of society, and knowing how to connect the text with existing societal traditions. They should prioritize issuing fatwas that facilitate and bring joy to society, maintaining moderation and balance in their fatwas, and avoiding haste in addressing contemporary issues. Not all acts of resemblance (tashabbuh) with non-Muslims are considered forbidden (haram). There are acts of resemblance that are indeed judged to be outside the boundaries of Islam, while others are merely disliked (makruh), not recommended, forbidden (haram), permissible (mubah), or even commendable. The observance of the Gregorian New Year is permissible since it does not entail elements of resemblance (tashabbuh), provided that it is not accompanied by religiously prohibited behaviors. The permissibly of celebrating new year is in line with the condition of Madura teenagers. Although, the Madura scholars alliance (AUMA) forbids it because it is considered to resemblance (Tashabbuh) with non muslims
أسباب اختلاف المذاهب الأربعة في حكم العدول عن الخطبة: دراسة فقهية مقارنة
No full textABSTRAK
Hukum Islam telah mengatur secara khusus mukaddimah untuk menuju proses pernikahan yaitu pertunangan, hal itu dikarenakan mulianya akad pernikahan ini. Pertunangan merupakan mukaddimah untuk menuju pernikahan dan termasuk cara yang tidak wajib dilakukan bagi yang ingin melakukan pernikahan, meski demikian sebagian ulama berpendapat sunnah untuk bertunangan sebelum pernikahan. Para imam mazhab dan pengikutnya telah mengatur hukum-hukum yang berkaitan dengan pertunangan sehingga menghasilkan hukum yang berbeda dalam satu permasalahan dari permasalahan-permasalahan pertunangan. Mazhab sunni yang empat (Hanafi, Maliki, Syafi’i, Hanbali) telah berbeda pendapat mengenai hukum putus pertunangan. Perbebdaan perndapat ini tentu tidak lepas dari dasar-dasar serta landasan yang dibenarkan oleh syari’at. Dari adanya perbedaan inilah peneliti ingin mengetahui apa menjadi sebab-sebab timbulnya perbedaan hukum putus pertunangan dikalangan mazhab yang empat.Di masa pertunangan sebagian orang biasanya memberikan cincin, pakaian dan barang berharga lainnya, jika pertunangan telah berakhir apakah pemberian-pemberian yang telah diberikan dari pihak laki-laki atau perempuan harus dikembalikan atau tidak. Dan jika putusnya pertunangan mengakibatkan kerugian-kerugian materi atau non materi terhadap dua belak pihak, siapakah yang harus menanggung kerugian-kerugian tersebut.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan rancangan studi pustaka. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan sumber-sumber kitab yang menjadi rujukan penganut mazhab. Jika tidak ditemukan dalam kitab-kitab maka peneliti akan menanyakan kepada dar-alifta’ yang menjadi rujukan utama bagi pemerintah di negara tempat tinggal mufti, seperti lembaga fatwa Mesir dan lembaga fatwa Jordan. Peneliti dalam hal ini menggunakan sistem tarjih dari sekian pendapat yang peneliti temukan dengan menjelaskan sebab-sebab tarjih berdasarkan kekuatan landasan hukum yang dapat diterima oleh akal dan tradisi di masyarakat. Disamping itu peneliti melakukan takhrij dan menjelaskan kedudukan hadits yang termaktub dalam penelitian ini.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) penyebab utama perbedaan mazhab dalam hukum putus pertunangan dikarenakan perbedaan dalam memahami nash dan memaknai kaedah fikih perjanjian. Peneliti mengunggulkan pendapat imam Ahmad bin hanbal terkait hukum putus pertunangan. (2) empat mazhab berbeda pendapat mengenai barang-barang yang diberikan sebelum putus pertunangan dan peneliti mengunggulkan pendapat malikiyah yang membedakan antara yang memutus dari dua belah pihak serta mengunggulkan pendapat imam abu zahrah dalam hal tanggung jawab dari kerugian materi & non materi yang dialami salah satu dari keduanya.
ABSTRACT
Islamic law has been set up specifically for the Preamble to the wedding process, namely the engagement, it is because of this noble wedding ceremony. The engagement is the Preamble to get to the wedding and include ways that are not mandatory for those who want to do the wedding, however some scholars argue sunnah to get engaged before the wedding. Priests sects and followers have set up laws relating to the engagement so as to produce different laws in one issue of engagement issues. The four schools of Sunni (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) have different opinions about the law breaking off the engagement. Perndapat Perbebdaan is certainly not out of the basics and the foundation is justified by the Shari'ah. From the difference in these researchers want to know what are the causes the onset of breaking off the engagement legal differences among the four schools. In the engagement period most people usually leave the ring, clothes and other valuables, if the engagement was over whether the gifts that have been given of the male or female should be returned or not. And if broken engagement resulted in losses of material or non material against the two parties Belak, who should bear these losses.
This study used a qualitative approach to the design literature. The data collection is done by collecting resources that become a reference book sect adherents. If it is not found in the books, the researcher would ask the dar-alifta 'which become the main reference for the government in the country of residence of the mufti, fatwa institutions such as Egypt and Jordan fatwa institution. Researchers in this case using the system tarjih of the opinion that researchers have found to explain the causes tarjih based on the strength of the legal basis that can be accepted by reason and tradition in the community. Besides, researchers Takhrij and explain the position of hadith contained in this research.
The results showed that: (1) the main causes of the differences in the law school of breaking off the engagement because of differences in understanding the meaning of kaedah fiqh texts and agreements. Researchers favor the opinion of imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal related to law breaking off the engagement. (2) the four schools of different opinions regarding the goods supplied before breaking off the engagement and researchers favor the opinion of Malikiyah distinguishing between the break of the two parties and favor the opinion of imam abu zahrah in terms of responsibility from the loss of material and non-material suffered one of both
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
TAHLÌL FATWÀ AL TASHABBUH BIGHAIRI AL MUSLIMÌN FÌ AL IHTIFÀL BIRA'SI AL SANAH AL MÌLÀDIYAH FÌ JAZÌRAH MADURA 'INDA AL IMÀM 'ALI JUM'AH
Full text linkIn Islam, the issuance of a fatwa is a significant task that not everyone is equipped to do so, as it requires deep understanding of Islamic sciences, jurisprudence, and principles thereof. This study discusses the process of formulating a fatwa, particularly from Imam Ali Gomaa's perspective, emphasizing the importance of methodical approaches in fatwa creation. The paper uses a normative research approach, examining classical and contemporary texts and rulings. The study outlines a four-step fatwa issuance process: defining the issue, exploring its details, elucidating the legal ruling, and making the final decision. It highlights the need for fatwa producers to understand societal realities and connect them with religious texts, while ensuring moderation and balance. The paper also discusses nuances in judgments on acts resembling non-Muslim practices, stating they can range from being forbidden to commendable, depending on specific circumstances. For example, celebrating the Gregorian New Year is permissible, barring any religiously prohibited behaviors. This is despite objections from some factions, like the Madura scholars alliance, who view it as inappropriate resemblance with non-Muslim practice
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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