1,732,638 research outputs found
Dissecting history and problematizing the past in Indonesia tahun 2021
No full textxiv, 404 hlm, 25,8 x 18,6 c
Dissecting history and problematizing the past in Indonesia tahun 2021
No full textxiv, 404 hlm, 25,8 x 18,6 c
Determinants of accidental falls and fall-related injuries. Recommendations for falls and fall-related injuries prevention set on the analysis of a theoretical dynamic system involving the older adult, the environment and the task performance.
No full textThis work aims to provide easy and practical recommendations for falls and fall-related injuries prevention set on the analysis of a theoretical dynamic system involving the subject (older adult), the environment, and the task performance.
In accordance with this system, accidental falls occur while performing physical activities/tasks. In the absence of movement the probability of falling will be almost zero. However, immobility decreases the subject´s ability of performance. The fall usually occurs when the demands of a given task exceed the subject’s ability. The demands of a task are determined by its difficulty and by environmental conditions. In a hostile environment, the demands of a given task increase. As result, the task demands may exceeds the subject’s ability causing a fall.
The ability to perform daily tasks without falling tends to decline with age due to associated frailty (notably the increased morbidities and the diminished physical, sensorial, and neural fitness). However, falls may also be a problem before the age of 60 years. The main immediate consequence of a fall is injury, which may be fatal. Another possible short-term consequence is an increased fear of falling that often conducts to a loss of independence while performing daily tasks and, consequently, leads to a decline in the subject’s ability.
It was observed that the determinant factor for the rupture of this system balance (resulting in falls and fall-related injuries) in older adults is the subject, namely his/her condition of frailty. As the subject becomes more fragile and as the risk of intrinsic factors increases, their susceptibility to extrinsic factors rises, especially with regard to environmental hazards. Thereafter, the subject’s likelihood of falling and injuring increases. However, a good level of physical fitness can also increase the threat of falling and injuring, because fitter people are more confidence in performing more demanding tasks and in more hazardous environments. Thereby, they expose themselves to more dangerous situations.
Given the above and reporting recent research findings, the primary recommendations for fall and fall-related injuries prevention are the following:
• A healthy lifestyle, in order to avoid co-morbidities or, at least, to minimize its effects.
• The reduction of environmental hazards, principally when fitness decreases and frailty increases, and the restraint of difficult tasks in hazardous environments.
• The practice at least 1,150 MET-min.wk-1 of physical activity, with no more than 500 MET-min.wk-1 (~60 min. wk-1) of vigorous physical activity (due to associated hazards). For example a combination of 1 hour of walking, 2 hours of moderate physical activity (such as carrying light loads or bicycling at a regular pace) and 20 minutes of vigorous physical activity (such as heavy lifting, digging, aerobics, or fast bicycling) per week, what computes ~1,150 MET-min.wk-1.
• The implementation of exercise programs to prevent physical fitness loss, especially balance. Further, muscle strength and gait exercises may be particularly relevant for less fit and frail people.
• The performance of functional exercises that mimic everyday life tasks and promote self-confidence.
• Regarding women, special attention must be taken because they tend to be more fragile. Regarding men, special attention must be taken because they tend to expose themselves to more hazardous situations
Recruitment preferences of a bivalve community: Results from artificial collectors over Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile meadows in a Marine Protected Area (MPA)
No full textCapítulo publicado en: Pirog, Robert S. (ed.). Seagrass: Ecology, Uses and Threats. [S.l.]: Nova Science Publishers, 2011Peer Reviewe
Trait Anxiety and Neurophysiology of Executive Control in the Stop-Signal Paradigm
No full text[[sponsorship]]統計科學研究所[[note]]已出版;有審查制度;具代表
Stereology of the dorsal root ganglion in peripheral nerve studies
No full textQualitative histopathology has long been the gold standard for evaluating morphological tissue changes in all organ systems, including the peripheral and central nervous systems. However, it is not fully capable of quantitatively revealing changes in tissue volume, neuron size, neuron numbers, neuron diameter, or nerve fiber numbers. Unbiased and sensitive techniques representing the entire tissue are therefore needed. Design-based stereological techniques are a means of eliciting information about the three-dimensional structure of tissue based on two-dimensional structures. The use of stereological techniques in experimental models of dorsal root ganglion tissue requires a knowledge of stereological principles, as well as of the tissue's anatomy and histology. The application of correct stereological techniques using appropriate sampling methods is important in terms of achieving the closest approximation to the real values, and it is essential that a pilot study be performed before each stereological study. This chapter discusses the examination of dorsal root ganglion tissue using practical stereological techniques, as well as the evaluation of sensory neuron numbers, sensory neuron volume, and total tissue volume parameters
Hydrodynamics in Swimming
No full textUngerechts B, Arellano R. Hydrodynamics in Swimming. In: World book of swimming. from science to performance. New York, USA: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.; 2011: 21-41
The Emerging Role of Translation and Interpreting in Crisis Management
No full textIn: The Challenges of Disaster Planning, Management, and Resilience Editor: Michail Chalaris ISBN: 979-8-88697-229-0 © 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc
Nanocomposites with liquid crystalline polymer matrices
No full textIn this part we will summarise the open literature concerning research on systems involving liquid crystalline polymers and nanoparticles. © 2008 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved
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