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Effects of Plant Growth Regulator on Seedlessness and Fruit Quality in Oval Kumquat (Fortunella margarita Swingle)
No full textThe purpose of this research was to clarify the morphological change in flowering and fruiting, to produce seedlessness fruits by using plant growth regulators, and to improve fruit quality of seedlessness fruits in oval kumquat.Flowering and fruiting of kumquat in normal season (summer fruit) and off season (winter fruit) were found flower bud size, pollen size, pollen viability and germination were not difference. However the percentage of fruit set and fruit quality were similar in both two seasons.Seedlessness fruit could be induced by 120-480 ppm streptomycin sulfate treatment on the 7th day before flowering in both seasons. It was found that seed number per fruit of treated fruits was less than the untreated control and the percentage of seedless fruit was above 70%. Seedlessness was increased apparently along with high streptomycin sulfate concentration. The percentage of seedless fruits increased apparently along with high streptomycin sulfate concentrations and found abnormal seed was higher than untreated control. In addition, streptomycin sulfate treatments induced smaller fruit size in 10-13%. Effects of streptomycin sulfate was found that increasing abnormal pollen tube which appeared wavy wall and swelling. Accompaniments, pollen germination percentage was lower and pollen tube was shorter as compared with control. When seedlessness fruits treated with GA3 20 ppm or CPPU 10 ppm on the 7th day after flowering, it was found that GA3 improved the percentage of seedless in 14–18% in normal season. GA3 and CPPU increased empty seed more than 1 seed in both season and increased the fruit weight in 35-38% in both seasons. CPPU improved the percentage of seedless in 6% in off season and increased the fruit weight in 43-45% in both seasons. GA3 and CPPU improved mesocarp cell of peel. GA3 enhanced higher TSS and lower titrable acidity than CPPU and untreated control in both season.本研究目的為探討長實金柑開花與結實的形態變化，並利用植物生長調節劑誘導果實的無子化及促進無子果實的品質。由調查正常產期(夏果)及非正常產期(冬果)開花及結實之結果發現，兩者的單株花蕾數、花蕾的大小、花粉大小、花粉活力及花粉發芽均無不同，該兩產期之座果率及果實品質亦相近。鏈黴素(streptomycin sulfate)在兩產期滿花前7日處理花蕾均可誘導形成無子果實，其果實的種子數較無處理者少且無子果率可達70%以上，提高鏈黴素濃度可使無子率增加，但是會促使無子果實小10~13%。鏈黴素處理後會使花粉管畸形化而呈波浪狀的膨大，其花粉萌芽率較無處理的對照組低且花粉管較短。以鏈黴素處理而形成的無子果實在滿花後7日，再以GA3 20ppm或CPPU10ppm處理後，發現GA3處理會使正產期的無子率增加14~18%，並促使兩產期的無子果重增加35~38%，CPPU處理會使非正產期的無子率增加6%，並促使兩產期的無子果重增加43~45%。GA3在兩產期處理後，其果實的可溶性固形物較CPPU處理者及無處理對照高，可滴定酸則較低。Contents
Page
Summary i
Chinese Summary ii
Content iii
List of Tables v
List of Figures vii
List of Appendix viii
Introduction 1
Literature review 3
Chapter I Flowering and fruiting of oval kumquat in normal season and off season 12
Summary 12
Introduction 13
Materials and methods 14 Results 17
Discussion 23
Chapter II Effects of streptomycin sulfate on seedlessness in oval kumquat 25
Summary 25
Introduction 26
Materials and methods 27 Results 29
Discussion 37
Chapter III Effects of Effect of streptomycin sulfate on pollination in
oval kumquat 39
Summary 39
Introduction 40
Materials and methods 41
Results 43
Discussion 47
Chapter IV Effects of plant growth regulator on quality of seedlessness
fruit in oval kumquat 48
Summary 48
Introduction 49
Materials and methods 50
Results 52
Discussion 64
General Discussion 65
References 69
Appendix 8
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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