1,721,044 research outputs found
Manifestations of Ex-Partner/Parental Stalking in Children’s and Young People’s Lives
No full textThis chapter focuses on the manifestations of ex-partner/parental stalking in children's and young people's lives. It is based on the research findings and qualitative research materials of the Finnish project “Children's Knowing Agency in Private, Multiprofessional and Societal Settings: The Case of Parental Stalking.” We synthesize our findings in response to the following two questions: What are the manifestations of stalking from the child's viewpoint? And what impacts do these manifestations have on children's lives? Ex-partner stalking has multiple manifestations and relational, psychological, technological, and physical aspects that can severely constrain the everyday life of a child. This chapter highlights the need to understand and rationalize children's complex situations and experiences, as well as the need to share responsibilities and incorporate them into multidisciplinary work practices. Tackling ex-partner stalking requires multi-level measures over both professional and socio-political dimensions
Factors Preventing Children from Receiving Help:Barriers of the Service System and Gaps in Professional Expertise in the Cases of Ex-Partnership/Parental Stalking and Coercive Control
No full textWhy do children's rights systematically stay unrealized in professional helping processes related to parental stalking and coercive control? What are the challenges professionals face during these processes? Where do they stem from? Based on qualitative survey data, this chapter provides a nuanced and multidimensional understanding of the factors — related to the barriers within the service system and gaps in professionals’ expertise — that hinder professionals from offering help and impede the realization of children's rights during helping processes related to coercive control and parental/ex-partner stalking. This research creates a critical description of the challenges within the service system, with the ultimate aim being the development of professional practices and better realization of children's rights
Why Shed Light on Children in Cases of Ex-Partner Stalking?
No full textThis book describes and analyzes ex-partner stalking as a form of intimate partner violence from the perspective of children, about which little information is currently available. The objective of the book is to advance our knowledge and understanding of children's experiences and perspectives when one parent is stalking the other. and to provide insights on how to best help the children. The edited collection is written by academics and experienced practitioners who work in the field. The authors represent four countries (Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and the U.S.) and approach the topic from a range of disciplines: criminology, psychology, public health, sociology, social work, and different therapeutic approaches. The book compromises nine chapters and is divided into three parts: 1) Ex-partner Stalking as a Multifaceted Phenomenon in Children's Lives, 2) Challenges in Identifying Children's Needs for Help, and 3) Encountering Ex-partner Stalking from the Child's Perspective. The chapters compile and synthesize theoretical literature and research findings and provide developed working methods and best practices for working with children exposed to ex-partner/parental stalking
Conclusions and Future Directions:Promoting Children’s and Young People’s Rights in Ex-Partner Stalking
No full textThis edited book on ex-partner stalking and children has brought together recent research findings, theoretical literature and experiences from practice written by both the academics and professionals. Book highlights that children should have the right not only to exercise their agency and participate in matters concerning themselves in the interventions but also to be protected from a parent's stalking behaviors. The realization of Articles 12, 19, 20, and 39 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) is crucial to protecting and helping children experiencing ex-partner stalking. Upholding and protecting children's rights in the context of exposure to and experiences with ex-partner stalking requires a concerted effort from governments, practitioners, and authorities. The chapter concludes with multiple further research needs. More interdisciplinary research is needed to augment our knowledge and understanding of children's experiences and perspectives of ex-partner stalking in the global context
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Vainottuna : eron jälkeisen vainon tunnistaminen ja uhrien kohtaaminen
No full textTässä tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan naisten subjektiivisia kokemuksia entisen kumppanin vainon kohteeksi joutumisesta parisuhteen päättymisen jälkeen. Tehtävänä on lisätä tietoisuutta ja tietoa eron jälkeisestä vainosta puuttumista vaativana sosiaalisena ongelmana ja lähisuhdeväkivaltana, jotta uhreja voitaisiin auttaa paremmin. Tutkimuksessa kysytään: 1) Mitä merkityksiä vaino saa uhrien kokemuksissa sekä tunnistamisen ja kohtaamisen prosesseissa? ja 2) Miten vainoa koskeva tieto muodostuu ja miten sitä tulkitaan? Eron jälkeistä vainoa lähestytään yhtenä naisiin kohdistuvan lähisuhdeväkivallan muotona sukupuolistuneen väkivallan viitekehyksessä. Tutkimus on toteutettu tiiviissä yhteistyössä Ensi- ja turvakotien liiton Mikkelin ja Oulun jäsenyhdistysten Varjo-hankkeen (2012–2017) työntekijöiden kanssa.
Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan eron jälkeistä vainoa sosiaalitieteiden ja erityisesti sosiaalityön näkökulmasta. Tutkimus tuottaa tietoa eron jälkeisen vainon luonteesta uhrien kokemuksen näkökulmasta myös muille ammattilaisille, jotka kohtaavat työssään vainon uhreja, kuten terveydenhuollon ammattilaisille, poliiseille ja oikeusviranomaisille.
Tutkimusaineisto on jaettu ensisijaiseen ja toissijaiseen aineistoon. Ensisijainen aineisto koostuu 20 vainon kohteena olevan naisen haastattelusta. Haastattelut noudattivat sensitiivisen haastattelututkimuksen metodia ja niitä ohjasi feministinen lähestymistapa. Suurimmassa osassa haastatteluissa oli mukana naiselle läheinen ammattilainen (Varjo-hankkeen väkivaltatyöntekijä, terapeutti tai sosiaalityöntekijä). Naisten aineiston keruuseen osallistui viisi ammattilaista, joista osalla oli asiakassuhde useampaan kuin yhteen naiseen. Varjo-hankkeen väkivaltatyöntekijöiden rooli tutkimuksessa on kuitenkin aineistonkeruun toteuttamista laajempi. Hankkeen työntekijät ovat olleet mukana läpi tutkimusprosessin myös vainon sisällöllisiä kysymyksiä pohdittaessa. Toissijainen aineisto koostuu 13 lapsen tai nuoren (2-21-vuotiaita) kokemuksista isän tai isäpuolen äitiinsä kohdistamasta vainosta. Lasten aineistonkeruun ovat toteuttaneet kuusi Ensi- ja turvakotien liiton Oulun ja Mikkelin jäsenyhdistysten väkivaltatyöntekijää ja aineisto on kerätty erilaisin menetelmin. Materiaali sisältää lasten terapeuttisesti orientoituneen toiminnallisen ryhmän tapaamisia, yksilö- ja sisarusparihaastatteluita sekä yhden äidin ja lapsen käymän terapiatapaamisaineiston.
Aineiston analyysi on aineistolähtöinen ja siinä on hyödynnetty sisällönanalyysia. Analyysissä yhdistyvät fenomenologisesti ja hermeneuttisesti orientoitunut tarkastelu. Siinä on pyritty merkityksellistämään tutkimukseen osallistuneiden naisten ja lasten kokemuksia sekä tehty tulkinnallista analyysia.
Tutkimus koostuu neljästä osajulkaisusta ja yhteenvetoartikkelista. Ensimmäinen osajulkaisu käsittelee naisten tunnekokemuksia ja vainon uhrille luomaa emotionaalista maailmaa. Toinen osajulkaisu käsittelee sitä, millaisena vaino ilmenee uhrien arjessa, millaisia merkityksiä se saa ja miten sitä voidaan tulkita lähisuhdeväkivallan kehyksessä. Kolmas osajulkaisu käsittelee naisten vainokokemusten lisäksi lasten kokemuksia isän tai isäpuolen äitiin kohdistamasta eron jälkeisestä vainosta. Siinä kysytään, millaisia muotoja vaino saa lasten arjessa vanhempien eron jälkeen, sekä millaisia vaikutuksia ja seurauksia sillä on lapsille sekä lapsen ja äidin suhteelle. Neljäs osajulkaisu käsittelee naisten palvelujärjestelmäkohtaamisia ja erityisesti sitä, miten naiset kokevat tulleensa asemoiduiksi avunhakijoina. Kaikki neljä osajulkaisua luovat omalta osaltaan pohjaa yhteenvetoartikkelin synteesille ja johtopäätöksille.
Osajulkaisut jäsentävät neljä kokemustiedon muotoa, jotka kuvaavat naisten vainottuna olemisen kokemusta ja vainosta kertomista. Kokemustiedon muodot ovat tunnetieto, arjen toiminnallinen tieto, suhdetieto ja ammatillinen tulkintatieto. Muodot toimivat käsitteellisinä työkaluina, joita hyödynnetään yhteenvetoartikkelille asetettujen tutkimuskysymysten vastaamisessa. Kokemustiedon ulottuvuuksia läpäisevät kolme teemaa: 1) vainon haavoittavuus ja kysymys kohtuullisuudesta 2) vaino, perhesuhteet ja moraalinen järjestys ja 3) kokemuksen kohtaamisen odotus, vastuut ja oikeudenmukaisuus. Teemat kiinnittyvät laajempiin sosiokulttuurisiin ja ammatillisiin käytäntöihin, ideologioihin ja käsityksiin.
Vainokokemuksen muodot ja niitä läpäisevät teemat johdattelevat kysymykseen vainotiedon muodostumisesta eron jälkeisen vainon uhrien kokemuksen tunnistamisessa ja heidän auttamisessa. Vainotiedolla tarkoitetaan uhreja kohtaavien ammattilaisten vainon tunnistamiseen liittyvää tietoa, johon vaikuttaa erilaisia, tiedostettuja ja tiedostamattomia, sosiokulttuurisia käsityksiä, normeja, arvoja sekä ammatillisia käytäntöjä, jotka suuntaavat vainosta tietämistä yksittäisen uhrin kohtaamisessa ja avuntarpeen arvioinnissa. Vainotiedon muodostuminen on moniulotteinen tulkitsemisen prosessi, jossa tulevat merkityksellisiksi ilmiötiedon ulottuvuus, auttamisprosessien metodinen ulottuvuus, moraalinen ulottuvuus sekä yhteiskunnallinen ja kulttuurinen ulottuvuus. Vainotieto on ammattilaisten olemassa olevaa väkivaltaosaamista, väkivallan tunnistamista ja siihen puuttumista täydentävää tietoa.
Tutkimus painottaa eron jälkeisen vainon uhrien kokemusten tunnistamisen ja kohtaamisen tärkeyttä. Uhrien avuntarpeissa ja niihin vastaamisessa korostuvat kohdatuksi ja tunnistetuksi tulemisen lisäksi sisäisen ja ulkoisen turvallisuuden luominen sekä moniammatillisen kohtaamisen ja auttamisen tarve. Lisäksi tutkimus nostaa esille tarpeen lisätä tietoa ja ymmärrystä vainosta lähisuhdeväkivaltana ja rikoksena, joka ilmenee rakenteistuneena ja piiloisena toimintana. Vainon varjossa eläminen luo uhrille jatkuvan uhan tunteen kontrolloiden ja rajoittaen uhrin arkea, toimijuutta ja autonomiaa. Vainon kohteena olevien naisten lisäksi myös lasten avuntarve on tärkeää tulla tunnistetuksi.The thesis explores women’s experiences of stalking after the break-up of a partnership, focusing on cases where women are stalked by former male partners. Specifically, the research investigates 1) the meanings stalking takes on in the women’s experiences of being stalked and in the processes of being recognized and interpreted as a victim and 2) how knowledge on stalking is constructed and interpreted. The purpose of the inquiry is to contribute knowledge about post-separation stalking as a social problem and form of intimate partner violence, thereby offering insights to members of the public as well as professionals who work with victims. Post-separation stalking is examined in the framework of gendered violence as a form of violence against women. While the perspective adopted is that of the social sciences, in particular social work, the findings are applicable in the work of other professionals who encounter and work with victims of stalking, such us the police, judicial officials and healthcare practitioners. The study has been implemented in close co-operation with the experts on violence in the Varjo project (2012-2017) from two local chapters of the Federation of Mother and Child Homes and Shelters.
The research is based on qualitative data. The primary data consist of interviews with 20 women who have been targets of stalking. The interviews applied the sensitive interview method and adhered to a feminist orientation. In most instances, a professional was present who was close to the woman being interviewed. In all, five professionals (an expert on violence, therapist or social worker) contributed to the study, some of whom worked with more than one of the women. The secondary data were collected on 13 children or young adults (aged 2-21 years) who have experienced their (step)fathers’ stalking of the mother. Experts on violence from the Federation of Mother and Child Homes and Shelters conducted the data collection on and with children using a variety of methods: children’s therapeutically oriented action group sessions, individual interviews, interviews together with siblings and one case of mother and child therapy sessions.
The analysis is data driven, with content analysis being the primary method applied. Women’s and children’s experiences were regarded as subjective and unique, and understood phenomenologically and hermeneutically.
The thesis consists of four peer-reviewed articles and a concluding chapter. The first article deals with women’s emotional experiences of being stalked. The second investigates how stalking appears in women’s everyday life and how outsiders, particularly professionals, interpret and make meaning about stalking. The third analyses the data collected on both children and women. It illustrates the forms that stalking takes on in children’s everyday life and how children’s exposure to stalking affects women’s experiences of being stalked and their motherhood. The fourth article deals with the ways in which women find themselves positioned as help-seekers in encounters with professionals. The four articles create the basis for the synthesis presented in the concluding chapter and the conclusions it puts forward.
Each article describes one particular form of women’s experiential knowledge about being stalked. These are termed emotional knowledge, knowledge of action in everyday life, knowledge of social relations, and knowledge of professional interpretation, this last referring to how professionals interpret stalking victims’ experiences in help-seeking processes. Each form should be taken into account as playing an important role in characterizing women’s experience of being stalked. The four forms of knowledge are also applied as conceptual tools in the concluding chapter in answering the research questions. They are seen as intersecting with three broader themes associated with socio-cultural and professional perceptions, practices and ideologies: 1) the vulnerability caused by stalking and the question of equitability; 2) stalking, family relations and the moral order; and 3) the victims’ expectations of being met on their own terms, of the relevant professionals and officials acting with due responsibility and of stalkers being held accountable for their actions. The dimensions of women’s experiential knowledge and the intersecting themes foreground the role of knowledge about stalking in recognizing the experiences of victims and helping them. This knowledge is an interpretative process affected by different – conscious and unconscious – sociocultural perceptions, norms, values and professional practices that steer the meetings with and help for victims in particular directions. The study posits four dimensions that affect the construction of knowledge about stalking: phenomenon-related, moral, methodical professional processes, and societal and cultural. Knowledge about stalking reinforces professionals’ existing knowledge and expertise on violence, including recognizing cases of violence and intervening in them.
The research emphasizes the need for women to be acknowledged and met on their own terms as victims of stalking and for enabling them to construct their inner and external safety in order to manage in everyday life. Recognizing stalking and helping victims requires co-operation between different professionals, with support being essential for women and children alike. The study highlights the importance of understanding stalking as a criminal behaviour in which the perpetrator creates a constant threat and controls the victims’ everyday life, agency and autonomy.ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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