1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
investigations on the influence of the short wavelength radiance on disability and discomfort glare (14.12.2018: Autor wurde um Prüfung ggf. Korrektur der Übersetzung des Untertitels gebeten)
No full textGedruckt erschienen im Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, ISBN 978-3-7983-3032-0 (ISSN 2196-338X).In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Einfluss der spektralen Verteilung von Blendquellen auf die physiologische und die psychologische Blendung untersucht. Erstere wurde dabei über die Kontrastwahrnehmung operationalisiert, letztere über die Bewertung der Blendung auf einer neunstufigen Skala. Das Ziel der im Rahmen dieser Arbeit durchgeführten Untersuchungen war es, eine physiologische Erklärung für eine erhöhte Blendempfindlichkeit bei erhöhtem Anteil kurzwelliger Strahlung im Spektrum der Blendquelle zu finden. Ferner sollte geprüft werden, ob eine additiv zusammengesetzte spektrale Blendempfindlichkeitskurve zur Vorhersage der Blendung durch reale breitbandige Blendreize geeignet ist. Um dies zu untersuchen, wurden verschiedene Probandenversuche im Labor durchgeführt. Hierfür wurde ein Versuchsdesign entwickelt, in welchem unter sonst konstanten Bedingungen das Spektrum einer Blendquelle frei einstellbar war. Dabei wurde der Anwendungsfall einer Straßenbeleuchtungsszene nachgestellt. Die Untersuchungen fanden unter mesopischen Adaptationsbedingungen statt. In den Untersuchungen wurden sowohl schmalbandige als auch breitbandige Blendreize gezeigt. Letztere wurden dabei in synthetische Spektren zur gezielten Stimulation retinaler Photorezeptoren und in reale Spektren unterteilt. Zudem wurde überprüft, ob der Pupillendurchmesser vom Spektrum der Blendquelle beeinflusst wird. Die Blendungsbewertung breitbandiger Blendspektren zeigte eine signifikante Abhängigkeit von der spektralen Verteilung der Blendquelle. In Abhängigkeit der Stimulation der S-Zapfen wurde eine maximale Erhöhung von 1,4 Skaleneinheiten auf der verwendeten Skala festgestellt. Die Blendungsbewertung der schmalbandigen Blendreize stützt diesen Befund unter Berücksichtigung der Hornhautbeleuchtungsstärke. Die aufgezeichnete spektrale Blendempfindlichkeitskurve eignete sich nicht zur Vorhersage der Blendungsbewertung breitbandiger Reize. Für die Änderung des Pupillendurchmessers wurde keine spektrale Abhängigkeit festgestellt. Die Kontrastwahrnehmung zeigte ebenfalls keine relevante Abhängigkeit vom Spektrum der Blendquelle. Die Ergebnisse wurden für variierende Umfeldspektren bestätigt. Dabei zeigte sich, dass für Blendquellen außerhalb der Fovea anscheinend mesopische Leuchtdichten zur Beschreibung des Adaptationsniveaus verwendet werden sollten. Die Befunde dieser Arbeit wurden in einen bestehenden Ansatz zur Bewertung der psychologischen Blendung integriert.This thesis deals with the influence of glare sources spectral power distribution (SPD) on disability and discomfort glare. While disability glare was measured by contrast threshold, discomfort glare was operationalized by the glare rating on a nine-pointscale. The aim of the studies in this work was to find a physiological explanation for increased glare perception with an increasing amount of short wavelenght radiance. Furthermore, it was investigated, whether an additive composed spectral glare sensitivity of narrow band stimuli is applicable for the prediction on discomfort glare of broadband stimuli. To investigate this issue different investigations were carried out under laboratory conditions. For this purpose a setup with spectral free adjustable glare source was developed. The investigations were performed under street lighting and therefore under mesopic conditions. Broadband and narrow band stimuli were presented to the subjects. The broadband stimuli were separated in synthetic spectra for the specific stimulation of different photoreceptors and realisic spectra and synthetic spectra to confirm the results. Moreover, the influence of the glare sources SPD on pupil diameter was investigated. The glare sources SPD of broadband stimuli showed a significant influence on glare evaluation. Depending on the stimulation of the s-cones glare rating increased up to 1,4 scale-points on the used scale. The glare rating of the narrow band stimuli confirms this result in consideration of the illuminance at the subject´s eye. The spectral glare sensitivity curve figured out in this research was not applicable to predict discomfort glare of broadband stimuli. The glare sources SPD showed no influence on pupil diameter. Also the contrast threshold was not affected by the SPD. The results were confirmed for different spectral surrounding conditions. In order to figure this out it was evaluated that for glare sources presented outside the fovea, mesopic luminances should be apparently used as adaptation luminance. The results of this work were integrated in an existing glare evaluation model
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Analyse von Schwierigkeiten bei der Konzeptionierung von nachhaltiger automobiler Lichttechnik
Get PDFMit steigendem Konsumentenbewusstsein für das Thema Nachhaltigkeit steigt gleichzeitig auch der Bedarf an immer nachhaltigeren Produkten. Dies betrifft auch die Automobilindustrie und damit auch deren Zulieferer. Um Kreislaufprozesse zu ermöglichen, Materialien bestmöglich wiederzugewinnen und so den Einfluss auf die Umwelt größtmöglich zu reduzieren sind in der Literatur Methoden zum Ökodesign oder der recyclinggerechten Konstruktion beschrieben. Demgegenüber stehen Anforderungen an die Produkte, welche die Funktion des Produktes in der Anwendung garantieren sollen. Anforderungsprofil und Ökodesign-Vorgaben können sich jedoch behindern oder sogar widersprechen. Im Rahmen dieses Papers werden am Beispiel eines automobilen Scheinwerfers zunächst Elemente identifiziert, die nicht dem Ökodesign entsprechen. Anschließend werden in Kombination mit den Anforderungen Ursachen für diese Bauweisen identifiziert und potenzielle Verbesserungen diskutiert, um ökologische Vorteile zu erzielen
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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