1,720,978 research outputs found
Le projet Demopædia: questions terminologiques liées à l’élaboration du Dictionnaire démographique multilingue
Full text linkThe aim of this paper is to present the terminological issues that have accompanied the process of translation and harmonization of the Italian edition of the multilingual demographic Dictionary Demopædia started in 2007 and ended in 2012. After presenting a brief history of the demographic multilingual dictionaries, the authors describe the computerization process and harmonization of dictionaries, in particular of the Italian edition
ESTIMATING HEALTH EXPECTANCY IN PRESENCE OF MISSING DATA: AN APPLICATION USING HID SURVEY
Full text linkIn this article we estimate health transition probabilities using longitudinal data collected in France for the survey on handicaps, disabilities and dependencies from 1998 to 2001. Life expectancies with and without disabilities are estimated using a Markov-based multi-state life table approach with two non-absorbing states: able to perform all activities of daily living (ADLs) and unable or in need of help to perform one or more ADLs, and the absorbing state of death. The loss of follow-up between the two waves induces biases in the probabilities estimates: mortality estimates were biased upwards; also the incidence of recovery and the onset of disability seemed to be biased. Since individuals were not missing completely at random, we correct this bias by estimating health status for drop-outs using a non parametric model. After imputation, we found that at the age of 70 disability-free life expectancy decreases by 0.5 years, whereas the total life expectancy increases by 1 year. The slope of the stable prevalence increases, but it remains lower than the slope of the cross sectional prevalence. The gender differences on life expectancy did not change significantly after imputation. Globally, there is no evidence of a general reduction in ADL disability, as defined in our study. The added value of the study is the reduction of the bias induced by sample attrition
Espérance de vie active, reprise d'activité féminine : un modèle
No full textEconomically active life expectancy, revival of female activity : a model
Nicolas Brouard
The peak of average duration of economic activity amongst women was reached after the Second World War before decreasing thereafter to the 1936 level. This type of resuit, provided by the so-called « active life » table, cannot be obtained for wornen since the construction of such a table cannot encompasst multiple entriez into and departures from economic activity. Models which take this into consideration can be constructed by means of recent statistics on mobility by age. These models, which resemble the procedures known as non-homogeneous Markov procedures, provide inter alia details on the re-entering of active life, the numbers so doing and the duration thereof. They also permit the construction of projections of female activity by cumulating the trends (re-entering active life between SO and 50 years old and earlier retirement) observed amongst the same sample of women. The model's validity dépends on the inertia over time of the probabilities of progressing from one state of activity to another, as observed over several years only. On confronting the retroprojections into the past of the activity rates with the observed reality, it is shown that the indices calculated can be indices of the movement of the active population. Finally, the phenomena of convergence and stability inherent to any model are discussed.La durée moyenne de la vie active d'une femme a atteint son maximum après la seconde guerre mondiale et est redescendue au niveau des années 1936. Ce genre de résultats que fournit une table dite « de vie active », ne peut être obtenu pour les femmes car la construction d'une telle table n'autorise pas d'entrées et de sorties multiples de l'activité économique. Des statistiques récentes sur la mobilité par âge, permettent d'établir des modèles qui en tiennent compte. Ces modèles qui s'apparentent à des processus dits de Markov inhomogènes, fournissent entre autres résultats des indications sur les reprises d'activité féminine, leurs nombres et leurs durées. Ils permettent aussi d'établir des projections de l'activité féminine en cumulant les tendances (reprises d'activité entre 30 et 50 ans et prises de retraite plus précoces) observées sur un même échantillon de femmes. La validité du modèle dépend de l'inertie dans le temps des probabilités de passage d'un état d'activité à un autre, observées sur quelques années seulement. Des rétroprojections dans le passé des taux d'activité avec confrontation avec la réalité observée, montrent alors que les indices calculés peuvent être des indices conjoncturels de la population active. Enfin des phénomènes de convergence et de stabilité inhérents à tout modèle sont discutés.Brouard Nicolas. Espérance de vie active, reprise d'activité féminine : un modèle. In: Revue économique, volume 31, n°6, 1980. pp. 1260-1287
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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