1,720,963 research outputs found
Georges Goudaroulis (1945-1996)
No full textNicolaidis Efthymios. Georges Goudaroulis (1945-1996). In: Revue d'histoire des sciences, tome 50, n°3, 1997. René-Just Haüy (1743-1822), physicien. pp. 369-374
Georges Goudaroulis (1945-1996)
No full textNicolaidis Efthymios. Georges Goudaroulis (1945-1996). In: Revue d'histoire des sciences, tome 50, n°3, 1997. René-Just Haüy (1743-1822), physicien. pp. 369-374
Les livres qui ont introduit les sciences dans le monde grec au siècle des Lumières
No full textNicolaidis Efthymios. Les livres qui ont introduit les sciences dans le monde grec au siècle des Lumières. In: Revue d'histoire des sciences, tome 40, n°3-4, 1987. pp. 367-376
L'influence des Lumières sur la formation scientifique grecque : une approche par l'analyse factorielle
No full textNicolaidis Efthymios, Dialetis Dimitrios. L'influence des Lumières sur la formation scientifique grecque : une approche par l'analyse factorielle. In: Revue d'histoire des sciences, tome 45, n°4, 1992. pp. 491-499
From time precision to the theory of universal gravitation (1630-1740)
No full textLa précision dans la mesure du temps est considérée par l’historiographie comme un élément qui a émergé simultanément avec la géométrisation des phénomènes naturels. Les savants du XVIIe siècle sont ainsi étudiés dans ce cadre comme des Philosophes Naturels qui considèrent comme seul argument fiable les résultats quantitatifs de mesure et de précision. Dans cette thèse nous avons étudié cette émergence, dans le cadre emblématique de la théorie gravitationnelle de Newton. Dans un premier temps nous avons défini la précision du temps comme un élément qui demande une amélioration constante par le biais des instruments. Nous avons ensuite découpé la connaissance scientifique en trois parties distinctes : la construction de la théorie, son application et la confirmation de cette dernière. Nous avons étudié la précision dans la mesure du temps et son rôle en tant qu’élément de validation dans les trois parties en mettant l’accent sur la première. Dans ce cadre d’étude nous avons démontré que la thèse couramment répandue dans l’historiographie jusqu’ici est problématique. La précision dans la mesure du temps n’a pas de relation de causalité directe avec la géométrisation de la nature. Son importance au sein des théories, au cas par cas, est évolutive et s’est pendant longtemps retrouvée cantonnée dans les aspects techniques du savoir avant de trouver en retour une place importante dans la théorie. L’étude des aspects techniques nous ont amené à l’exploration de documents liés à la détermination des longitudes en mer, et sa relation intrinsèque au développement du commerce entre continents. Dans ce cadre nous avons détaillé des aspects jusque là obscurs du « mesureur de temps » de Galilée, proposé par ce dernier comme un instrument de grande précision qui participe à la solution des longitudes.Precision in time measurement is considered by historiography as an element that emerged simultaneously with the geometrization of natural phenomena. The scholars of the seventeenth century are therefore studied in this context as Natural Philosophers who consider as the only reliable argument the quantitative results of measurement and precision. In this thesis we have studied this emergence, in the emblematic framework of Newton's gravitational theory. At first we defined the accuracy of time as an element that requires constant improvement through the instruments. We then divided the scientific knowledge into three distinct parts: the construction of the theory, its application and the confirmation of the theory. We studied the accuracy (here as synonym of precision) in the measurement of time and its role as a validation element in all three parts with a focus on the former. In this framework of study we have shown that the thesis commonly used in historiography so far is problematic. Precision in the measurement of time has no direct causal relation with the geometrization of nature. Its importance in theories, on a case-by-case study, is evolutionary and has for a long time been confined to the technical aspects of knowledge before finding an important place in the theory. The study of technical aspects led us to explore documents related to the determination of longitudes at sea, and its intrinsic relationship to the development of trade between continents. In this context we have detailed previously unclear aspects of Galileo's "time measurer", proposed by the later as an instrument of great accuracy being part of the longitude solution
Compte-rendu:I. Telelis, Georgios Pachymeres Philosophia Book 5. Commentary in Aristotle’s Meteorologica, editio princeps. Prolegomena-text-indices, Academia Atheniensis, Institutum litterarum Graecarum et Latinarum, Athens 2012
Full text linkCompte-rendu: Ioannis Telelis, Georgios Pachymeres Philosophia Book 5. Commentary in Aristotle’s Meteorologica, editio princeps. Prolegomena-text-indices, Aκαδημία Αθηνών, Athens, 2012
The Spread of the Scientific Revolution in the European Periphery, Latin America and East Asia. Proceedings of the XXth International Congress of History of Science (Liège, 20-26 July 1997). Volume V.
No full textThis volume includes papers presented during a symposium on the spreading of the scientific revolution outside Western European countries, which was held during the XXth International Congress of History of Science in Liège in 1997. The contributions aim to answer some recent historiographical questions such as the modalities of the spreading of science in different countries, the reception of the new science by different cultures, the kind of changes this reception set in motion, the periodisation in adopting the new scientific knowledge, the structures set up for this adoption. Three geographical areas are presented here: the European countries in the border of the "scientific center", Latin America countries and East Asian regions. The volume constitutes the first attempt at making a synthesis at an international level on the important question of the spreading of the "new science" throughout the world
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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