38 research outputs found
O pojmowaniu infotainmentu i nadmiernej rozrywkowości mediów masowych we współczesnym medioznawstwie
No full textThe excessive focus on entertainment in the content of the modern mass media has become the subject of academic reflection in Poland over the last decade. In the West this issue has been discussed for at least thirty years. Out of the various concepts that serve the purpose of describing and analyzing the focus on entertainment in the mass media the author focuses on the concept of infotainment, borrowed from American English; the meaning and scope of this concept in academic and journalistic texts is analyzed. It is indicated that the concept has a limited explanatory value when taken over without its cultural and linguistic context, and it is particularly useless as the name of a genre, used instead of the news. Discussing contemporary academic reflections on the focus on entertainment in the mass media and their content, three main currents are indicated and briefly described: the functional, historical and critically-discursive; the issue of the focus on entertainment of professional journalists is also addressed.The excessive focus on entertainment in the content of the modern mass media has become the subject of academic reflection in Poland over the last decade. In the West this issue has been discussed for at least thirty years. Out of the various concepts that serve the purpose of describing and analyzing the focus on entertainment in the mass media the author focuses on the concept of infotainment, borrowed from American English; the meaning and scope of this concept in academic and journalistic texts is analyzed. It is indicated that the concept has a limited explanatory value when taken over without its cultural and linguistic context, and it is particularly useless as the name of a genre, used instead of the news. Discussing contemporary academic reflections on the focus on entertainment in the mass media and their content, three main currents are indicated and briefly described: the functional, historical and critically-discursive; the issue of the focus on entertainment of professional journalists is also addressed
Flood Risk Assessments for Small Catchments Under Climate Change—How Can Scotland Improve Its Policy for Enhanced Flood Resilience and Preparedness
No full text\ua9 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Flood Risk Management published by Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Flood risk assessments (FRAs) are essential tools in Scottish planning policy to identify and minimise flood risk in new planning applications. Most FRAs in Scotland are performed in (very) small (< 50km2) < 100km2 catchments, particularly vulnerable to increases in rainfall intensity due to climate change. This study provides a historical overview of the literature used as guidance in FRAs in Scotland and then focuses on their application in smaller catchments, addressing three areas: understanding the different physical processes in smaller catchments, their representation within the guidelines and how these guidelines are applied in practice. Our results highlight the need to move beyond simple mathematical and hydrological methods for FRAs. We find that small catchments\u27 physical processes are not adequately represented in current methods, leading to higher biases and uncertainties in modelling. When applied in practice, these techniques are often used unconventionally for the fulfilment of established guidelines. Finally, climate change science implementation into guidance also needs refinement, with current regulations lacking a sound scientific basis, particularly for smaller catchments. We underscore the need for testing and application of innovative solutions found in academia and utilisation of additional data to provide improved methods for FRAs in smaller catchments, particularly under climate change
Illustration and design of the poetry collection Subiluzija
No full textV diplomskem delu sem oblikovala in ilustrirala pesniško zbirko Subiluzija pisatelja Žiga X-a Gombača. V teoretičnem delu sem raziskovala odnos med ilustracijo in besedilom v poeziji in katere ilustracije so najbolj primerne za opisovanje abstraktnega besedila, ki se v zbirki Subiluzija pojavlja. Naredila sem analizo treh umetniških del in na podlagi te analize utemeljila uporabo abstraktne ilustracije ob besedilu.
Pri praktičnem delu diplomskega dela sem pesniško zbirko ilustrirala, razložila uporabljeno tehniko ilustracije, opisala postopek izbira motivov in raziskovala odnos med poezijo in besedilom v knjižni obliki. Pri izdelavi knjige sem obravnavala knjigo kot objekt in utemeljila svoj izbor pisave, postavitev mreže in način tiska in vezanja knjige.In my thesis, I designed and illustrated the poetry collection Subiluzija by the author Žiga X Gombač. In the theoretical part, I researched the relationship between illustration and text in poetry and defined the illustration style is most suitable for describing the abstract content that appears in the poetry collection Subiluzija. I analysed three works of art and based on this analysis, justified the use of abstract illustration alongside the text.
In the practical part of the diploma thesis, I illustrated the poetry collection, explained the illustration technique used, described the process of choosing motifs and researched the relationship between poetry and text in book form. In the book design process, I treated the book as a physical object and justified my choice of font, layout of the grid and the way the book was printed and bound
Właściwość sądu w zakresie roszczeń z tytułu odpowiedzialności cywilnej za wypadki komunikacyjne. Glosa do wyroku Europejskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości z dnia 13 grudnia 2007 r. (C — 463/06), FBTO Schadeversekeringen N.V./Jack Odenbreit
No full textThis article is a commentary on the judgment of the European Court of Justice of 13 December 2007 (C - 463/06) in the case of FBTO Schadeversekeringen N.V./Jack Odenbreit, concerning court jurisdiction over claims arising from civil liability for road traffic accidents. The commented judgment confirms that a road accident victim can bring a direct action against the insurer of the responsible person before the court of their place of domicile, provided that the insurer is established in an EU Member State and such direct action is permissible under national law. The author analyzes this issue in the context of Community law, particularly Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 and Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 (Rome II), as well as in relation to the Hague Convention on the Law Applicable to Traffic Accidents of 1971. The institution of actio directa in the Polish legal system and its legal nature are also discussed. The aim of Community regulations to enhance the protection of victims is highlighted.Artykuł stanowi glosę do wyroku Europejskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości z dnia 13 grudnia 2007 r. (C - 463/06) w sprawie FBTO Schadeversekeringen N.V./Jack Odenbreit, dotyczącego właściwości sądu w zakresie roszczeń z tytułu odpowiedzialności cywilnej za wypadki komunikacyjne. Komentowany wyrok potwierdza, że ofiara wypadku drogowego może wytoczyć powództwo bezpośrednio przeciwko ubezpieczycielowi osoby odpowiedzialnej przed sądem państwa swojego miejsca zamieszkania, pod warunkiem, że ubezpieczyciel ma siedzibę w państwie członkowskim UE i takie powództwo jest dopuszczalne w świetle prawa krajowego. Autor analizuje tę kwestię w kontekście prawa wspólnotowego, w szczególności Rozporządzenia Rady (WE) nr 44/2001 i Rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (WE) nr 864/2007 (Rzym II), a także w odniesieniu do Konwencji haskiej o prawie właściwym dla wypadków drogowych z 1971 r. Omówiono również instytucję actio directa w polskim systemie prawnym i jej naturę prawną. Podkreślono cel wspólnotowych regulacji, jakim jest wzmocnienie ochrony poszkodowanych
KNJIŽNIČAR V NOVEM PLAČNEM SISTEMU JAVNIH USLUŽBENCEV
No full textABSTRACTSalary System in the Public Sector Act (Uradni list RS, No. 95/07 consolidated text, and 17/08) regulates the salary system for civil servants anew. Until now, posts indifferent workplaces and under the competence of diferrent ministries have been valued differently, but at the same time different criteria for promotion into titles and also for promotion into grades have been used. Experts have put a lot of effort into establishing a uniform system of promotion for all professional library workers in all types of libraries. The article gives a survey of experts´ articles in which experts drew attention to problems regarding the position of the librarian in the salary system. At the same time, the author tries to find out whether they were successful in solving these problem, and is concerned with the position of the librarian in the new salary system. The article also tries to answer the question whether there are unified criteria for the promotion of librarians in the new system.IZVLEČEKZakon o sistemu plač v javnem sektorju (Uradni list RS, št. 95/07, uradno prečiščeno besedilo in 17/08) na novo določa sistem plač javnih uslužbencev. Do sedaj so bila delovna mesta knjižničarjev v različnem delovnem okolju in pod različnimi pristojnimi ministrstvi različno ovrednotena, hkrati pa so veljala različna merila za napredovanje v strokovne nazive in tudi za napredovanje v plačne razrede. Prizadevanja stroke so bila naravnana v vzpostavitev enotnega sistema napredovanja za vse strokovne knjižnične delavce v vseh vrstah knjižnic. V prispevku poskušamo ob pregledu strokovnih člankov izpostaviti tiste probleme o položaju knjižničarja v plačnem sistemu, na katere je opozarjala stroka, hkrati pa ob tem iščemo odgovor na vprašanje o tem, ali je bila stroka pri reševanju teh problemov uspešna oziroma zanima nas, kje v novem plačnem sistemu najdemo knjižničarja. Ob tem bomo poskušali odgovoriti tudi na vprašanje, ali v novem sistemu obstajajo enotni kriteriji za napredovanje knjižničarjev
Public food procurement as a tool of sustainable food and nutrition policy—fat products
No full textIntroductionEnsuring a sustainable and responsible diet, particularly in the procurement of fatty products, holds paramount importance for early childhood development. Dietary fats significantly influence children’s growth and well-being, both in the short and long term. Schools and kindergartens play a pivotal role in shaping children’s dietary habits. This study aims to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze public procurement orders conducted by educational institutions.Materials and methodsOut of 1,126 public procurement orders, 197 met inclusion criteria, leading to the identification of 1,248 products categorized as sources of fats in children’s diets. The study conducted both quantitative and qualitative analyses on the identified products.ResultsCriteria commonly employed by purchasers were derived from product descriptions. While product composition, especially fat content and the absence of certain additives, received due attention, organoleptic characteristics criteria were frequently overlooked. Sustainable procurement criteria were given the least consideration. The study highlights a notable reliance on vegetable oils, predominantly rapeseed oil. However, it reveals a worrisome prevalence of animal-derived fats, including butter, mayonnaise, pork belly, and lard. Although plant-based fats constitute around 52.77% of total orders, the substantial presence of animal fats poses challenges to maintaining a balanced and healthy diet for children.ConclusionThe study underscores the necessity of establishing specific criteria for evaluating the quality of delivered products, especially fatty items, in educational settings. Standardized guidelines are crucial to promote healthier food choices, encourage sustainable diets, and ultimately enhance the overall health and well-being of children
Analysis of public food procurement in relation to dairy products and their quality criteria
No full textIntroductionPublic procurement of food is key to ensuring proper nutrition with high-quality products in public institutions such as schools and kindergartens. However, it should not be considered a mandatory expenditure from public finances but rather an investment in health promotion.Materials and methodsA total of 1,126 public procurement orders processed by schools and kindergartens in Poland during the period from November 2022 to March 2023 were analyzed. Ultimately, 197 public procurement orders meeting the inclusion criteria were considered for analysis. Based on these orders, 2,753 food products classified as dairy and its derivatives were extracted. The ordered quantities of individual products were analyzed, as well as their descriptions (quality characteristics).ResultsCriteria related to composition were most commonly described, the most common criterion was the fat content and the absence of preservatives. On the second places were organoleptic characteristics, where taste and consistency expectations were most frequently specified. Sustainable public procurement criteria were the least frequently mentioned and were treated as highly marginal.ConclusionIntroducing minimum standards for the descriptions of dairy products in terms of organoleptic characteristics, composition features, and sustainability criteria will improve the quality of dairy products supplied to public institutions, particularly schools and kindergartens
Free Route Airspace for Route Optimization
No full textThese thesis is the result of the study of the possibility of expansion of the two existing Free Route Airspaces (FRAs) in the portuguese airspace, creating a joint FRA, where the goal is to optimize the routes passing this airspace, making it more efficient and consequently more competitive. At a later stage, is also analyzed an union between this joint FRA with the Flight Information Regions (FIRs) of Morocco and Asturias. In addition, and working as an intermediate step towards the criation of a joint FRA, the localization of the current Navigation Points of the respective FIRs is analyzed, aiming to evidence and correct possible inefficiencies. The results have shown, that it is possible to make improvements in the current scenario, reducing the distance, time and fuel spent, and consequently reduce the current costs. However, the implementation of this new scenario can only be achieved through a total commitment and cooperation between the parties involved in restructuring is airspace.Double Degree Programme IST-TU DelftControl and OperationsAerospace Engineerin
Performance of rabbit does housed in collective pens and individual cages
No full text[EN] In society today, there is increasing concern for the welfare of farm animals. New models of rabbit breeding are proposed, such as group housing of rabbit does in a semi-group system or environmental enrichment of individual housing. This work aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance and metabolic aspects of rabbit does housed in collective pens, comparing them to individual cages provided with a platform. Forty-eight animals were distributed in 24 individual cages (40×98×57 cm; width, length and height) and four collective pens (six does per pen; 240×100×65 cm) and remained during four cycles. The does previously housed in collective pens gained less weight and reached lighter weights by the first insemination day (3669 vs. 3872 g; P<0.01), but regained weight over the cycles and had a similar weight during the experiment (4306 vs. 4329 g). It was observed that there was a lower feed intake in the period before delivery in collective pens, which contributed to the lower kit bThe first author thanks the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Brazil (CNPq) for the postdoctoral fellowship.Machado, L.; Martínez-Paredes, E.; Cervera Fras, MC. (2019). Performance of rabbit does housed in collective pens and individual cages. World Rabbit Science. 27(4):227-235. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2019.11540OJS227235274BOE. 2013. Real Decreto 53/3013 Normas básicas aplicables para la protección de los animales utilizados en experimentación y otros fines científicos, incluyendo la docencia. BOE, 34: 11370-11421.Buijs S., Hermans K., Maertens L., Van Caelenberg A., Tuyttens F. A. M. 2014. Effects of semi-grouping housing and floor type on pododermatitis, spinal deformation and bone quality in rabbit does. Animal, 8: 1728-1734. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731114001669Buijs S., Maertens L., Hermans K., Vangeyte J. 2015. Behavior, wounds, weight loss and adrenal weight of rabbit does as affected by semi-group housing. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 172: 44-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2015.09.003Cervera C., Martínez-Paredes E., Machado L., Villagrá A. 2017. Producción de conejas en sistemas de alojamento individual o colectivo en semigrupo. In Proc.: XLII Symposiun de Cunicultura de ASESCU, Murcia, España, 107-110.European Commission. 2017 - Commercial Rabbit farming in the European Union - Overview report of the directorate-general for health and food safety on commercial farming of rabbits in the European Union. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_food-safety/index_en.htmGraf S., Bigler L., Failing K., Würbel H., Buchwalder T. 2011. Regrouping rabbit does in a familiar or novel pen: Effects on agonistic behavior, injuries and core body temperature. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 135: 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.009Maertens L., Buijs S. 2013. Performances de femelles logées temporairement en groupe dans des parcs polyvalents et en système tout plein tout vide. In Proc.: 15émes Journées de la Recherche Cunícule, November 19-20, 2013, Le Mans, France, 35-38.Maertens L., Buijs S. 2016. Production performaces of rabbit does in a part time group housing system. In Proc.: 11 Would Rabbit Congress, June 15-18, Quindao, China, 711-714.Maertens L., De Bie Y. 2017. Logement de lapines "part-time" en groupe: resultats dans un élevage équipé avec des parcs polyvalents. In Proc.: XVII Journées de la Recherche Cunícule, November 21-22, Le Mans, France, 55-58.Maertens L., Buijs S., Tuyttens F.A.M. 2015. L'impact d'un lodgement temporairement en groupe et du sol sur le bienêtre des lapines. In Proc.: 16émes Journées de la Recherche Cunícule, November 24-25, Le Mans, France, 215-218.Mikó A., Matics Zs., Gerencsér Zs., Odermatt M., Radnai I., Nagy I., Szendrő K., Szendrő Zs. 2014. Performance and welfare of rabbit does in various caging systems. Animal, 8: 1146-1152. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731114001244Mugnai C., Dal Bosco A., Castellini C. 2009. Effect of different rearing systems and pre-kindling handling on behaviour and performance of rabbit does. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 118: 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2009.02.007Pascual J.J., Blanco J., Piquer O., Quevedo F., Cervera C. 2004. Ultrasound measurement of perirenal fat thickness to estimate the body condition of reproducing rabbit does in different physiological states. World Rabbit Sci., 12: 7-21. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2004.584Rommers J., De Greef K. 2018. Are combi parks just as useful as regular parks for fatteners for part-time group housing of rabbit does? World Rabbit Sci., 26: 299-305. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2018.9587Rommers J.M., Boiti C., De Jong I., Brecchia G. 2006. Performance and behavior of rabbit does in a group-housing system with natural mating or artificial insemination. Reprod. Nutr. Develop., 46: 677-687. https://doi.org/10.1051/rnd:2006038Rommers J.M., Reuvekamp B.J.F., Gunnink H., Jong I.C. 2014. Effect of hiding places, straw and territory on aggression in group-housed rabbit does. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 157: 117-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2014.05.011Szendrő Zs., McNitt J.I. 2012. Housing of rabbit does: group and individual systems: a review. Livest. Sci., 150: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2012.09.017Szendrő Zs., Matics Zs., Szabó R.T., Kustos K., Mikó A., Odermatt M. Gerencsér Zs. 2016. Agressivity and its effect on lifespan of group housing rabbit does. Preliminary results. In Proc.: 11 World Rabbit Congress, June 15-18, 2016, Quindao, China, 719-722.Szendrő Zs., Trocino A., Hoy St., Xiccato G., Villagrá A., Szendrő K., Maertens L. 2019. A review of recent research outcomes about the housing of farmed domestic rabbits: reproducing does. World Rabbit Sci., 27: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2019.10599Zomeño C., Birolo M., Gratta F., Zuffellato A., Xiccato G., Trocino A. 2018. Effects of group housing system, pens floor type, and lactation management on performance and behaviour in rabbit does. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 203: 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2018.03.00
Exploring spatial-based management scenarios to protect the seafloor in different areas of the Mediterranean Sea
No full textIn recent years, European policies aimed to regulate bottom trawling activities, given the significant environmental damage they cause. Trawling represents a considerable source of income for the economies of many Mediterranean countries. Therefore, it is essential that management measures, including spatial closures, consider the potential long-term consequences of their implementation. This study investigated the impact of different spatial management scenarios on reducing the environmental footprint of bottom otter trawling in four distinct sectors (Western, Southern, Adriatic, and Ionian) of the Mediterranean Sea. Using vessel monitoring systems and logbook data, the study identified core fishing grounds and modelled the effects of various spatial restrictions, including depth-based fishing bans and fishery-restricted areas (FRAs). The results indicate that in all the sectors, the adoption of FRAs does not lead to significant variations in the economic performance of fleets, and the application of the ban over 800 m would allow the protection of a significant portion of the deep-sea bottom with relatively little economic impact. On the contrary, other spatial-based measures lead to different, sector-specific effects. In fact, restricting shallow coastal areas (<6 nm) significantly affects the profitability by reallocating effort to other fishing grounds, with noticeable differences between fleets operating in the same sector (i.e. the Adriatic Sea); meanwhile, bans over 600 or 700 m would determine very different economic effects in the four sectors. Overall, these results suggest that a sole fishery management measure approach is inadequate. Tailored region-specific measures are instead essential to balance ecological sustainability and economic outcomes across different Mediterranean regions. © 2025 The Author(s)
