2,304 research outputs found
Ionic Channels for Signal Transmission and Propagation
No full textThe ability to propagate and transmit signals is conferred to neurons by proteins embedded in the lipid membrane. Knowledge of the molecular properties of these macromolecules would therefore provide a sound basis for the understanding of neuronal functions. A great deal of information on such molecular functions has been provided by two recently developed electrophysiological techniques: noise analysis and single channel recording. Both these techniques allow the study of integral proteins that are assumed to function as so-called ionic channels or membrane pores regulating the flow of ions across the membrane. As such, these proteins must span the whole membrane thickness, and provide a hydrophilic pathway across the membrane. Noise analysis works on the macroscopic fluctuations in membrane current that result from the statistical superposition of many microscopic unit responses. Exploiting some fundamental laws of statistics it deduces from the macroscopic fluctuations the properties of the elementary units that constitute them. Noise analysis is applicable to a wider range of preparations and experimental conditions; however, it depends on certain assumptions, the validity of which, in turn, has to be proven by single channel recording. This chapter provides a summary of some of the molecular features of ionic channels encountered in nerve and nerve-like cells. The chapter focuses on results obtained by single channel recording. Where necessary, it also includes noise results
Mr Alain Elkann Author and Journalist Italian Republic
No full textVisit by Mr Alain Elkann Author and Journalist Italian Republi
Two-component latency distributions indicate two-step vesicular release at simple glutamatergic synapses.
Get PDFIt is often assumed that only stably docked synaptic vesicles can fuse following presynaptic action potential stimulation. However, during action potential trains docking sites are increasingly depleted, raising the question of the source of synaptic vesicles during sustained release. We have recently developed methods to reliably measure release latencies during high frequency trains at single synapses between parallel fibers and molecular layer interneurons. The latency distribution exhibits a single fast component at train onset but contains both a fast and a slow component later in the train. The contribution of the slow component increases with stimulation frequency and with release probability and decreases when blocking the docking step with latrunculin. These results suggest that the slow component reflects sequential docking and release in immediate succession. The transition from fast to slow component, as well as a later transition to asynchronous release, appear as successive adaptations of the synapse to maintain fidelity at the expense of time accuracy
Résister à la normalisation des conduites : Entretien avec Roland Gori, propos recueillis par Alain Policar
No full textCo-initiator of the call of calls denouncing the ideology of a neuroeconomic man in whose name the current reforms break and redial our jobs and tasks of care, social works, education, research, justice, information and culture, the author analyzes mainly the psychiatric knowledge and practice as facts of civilization.Co-initiateur de l'Appel des appels qui dénonce l'idéologie d'un «homme économique» au nom de laquelle les réformes actuelles défont et recomposent les métiers et les missions du soin, du travail social, de l'éducation, de la recherche, de la justice, de l'information et de la culture, l'auteur analyse ici principalement les savoirs et les pratiques psychiatriques comme «des faits de civilisation».Policar Alain, Gori Roland. Résister à la normalisation des conduites : Entretien avec Roland Gori, propos recueillis par Alain Policar. In: Raison présente, n°171, 3e trimestre 2009. Savoir, connaitre, agir. pp. 87-94
Alain de Lille
No full textAlain de Lille (c. 1128-1202) was a French monk and the author of the very popular and influential Ars Praedicandi (Art of Preaching).https://mds.marshall.edu/sermonstudies_gallery/1001/thumbnail.jp
From knowledge to skills: training for transition jobs. Interview with Alain Grandjean
No full textInternational audienceAlain Grandjean is an economist and author specializing on green finance. He is also cofounder and partner of Carbone 4, a consultancy firm focusing on energy transition and adaptation to climate change. The interview first revolves around the academic content Alain Grandjean considers as the bare necessities to be taught in higher education, no matter the curriculum. This should take the form of a basic synthetic training which takes into account the major environmental issues without too much technicality as well as lessons in accounting and economics, which he considers essential. The interview also looks more specifically at engineering and business schools. Then Alain Grandjean shares his views on the effectiveness of different ways to engage for the transition -like radical individual lifestyle transformations and civil disobiedience. He also evokes the roles that trade unions as well as NGOS can play and he talks about collapsology
Justice et politique (24) - face A
No full textSéminaire dirigé par Alain Bancaud, Anne Boigeol, Henry Rousso et Francine Soubiran-Paillet. Enregistré à l'IHTP (Paris), entre 1995 et1998
Justice et politique (31) - face B
No full textSéminaire dirigé par Alain Bancaud, Anne Boigeol, Henry Rousso et Francine Soubiran-Paillet. Enregistré à l'IHTP (Paris), entre 1995 et1998
Justice et politique (27)
No full textSéminaire dirigé par Alain Bancaud, Anne Boigeol, Henry Rousso et Francine Soubiran-Paillet. Enregistré à l'IHTP (Paris), entre 1995 et1998
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