158 research outputs found
The high cost of protecting Uruguay's automotive industry
No full textDomestic content requirements are regulations that mandate minimum percentages of domestic value-added, or domestic components for products sold within the country, or provide strong incentives to substitute domestic for imported inputs. The author developed a model to investigate the distortions, costs, and transfers among groups caused by the combination of domestic content and compensatory export requirements. This model was applied to the protection scheme for Uruguay's automobile industry. The author found that the protective regime keeps vehicle prices and domestic production costs high and transfers large sums to special interest groups. Higher finished vehicle prices encourage more output from domestic assembly operations, but domestic content and compensatory export requirements discourage domestic assembly. The net effect could either encourage or discourage domestic assembly operations, depending on the net impact of the regulations. Trade in this industry should be liberalized. Care should be taken not to inadvertently increase effective protection of the assembly industry by, for example, phasing out domestic content and compensatory export requirements on kits faster than those on finished autos, thus temporarily encouraging domestic assembly.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Access to Markets,Markets and Market Access,Water and Industry
Aspects of critical spin 1 chains and 2 dimensional symmetry protected topological phases of matter
No full textEffective field theory is a very useful technique for understanding quantum many body systems. We use this approach to study a certain class of critical quantum spin-1 chains and symmetry protected topological phases of matter in two spatial dimensions.
In the first context we consider the SU(3) symmetric spin-1 chain with additional interactions. We use bosonization to demonstrate that the effective field theories describing the critical behaviour of these spin chains can be mapped to free compact boson conformal field theories (CFTs) with central charge c=2. We also describe how some predictions from field theory can be verified in numerical calculations using exact diagonalization (ED) and the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm. In particular, the bosonization method gives a formula for the evolution of four Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) parameters as a function of the lattice parameters. Using the analytic formulae for the scaling dimensions in terms of the TLL parameters and matching of lowest scaling dimensions, we numerically calculate these field-theoretic parameters and confirm that their evolution agrees with the prediction using bosonization.
We also tackle aspects of the challenging problem of understanding interacting topological phases. In this context, we aim to understand the effects if interactions in certain classes of symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases of matter. We consider non-chiral SPT phases in two spatial dimensions protected by a discrete symmetry such as Z_K or Z_K x Z_K symmetry. We argue that modular invariance/noninvariance of the partition function of the one-dimensional edge theory can be used to diagnose whether, by adding a suitable potential, the edge theory can be gapped or not without breaking the symmetry. By taking bosonic phases described by Chern-Simons K-matrix theories and fermionic phases relevant to topological superconductors as examples, we demonstrate explicitly that when modular invariance is achieved, we can construct an interaction potential that is consistent with the symmetry and can completely gap out the edge.
We also briefly discuss preliminary results of a numerical approach for simulating the 3 dimensional Landau Level problem. This includes a brief description of a potential application of variational Monte Carlo to spin-orbit coupled ab initio systems.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-05-01The student, Olabode Sule, accepted the attached license on 2016-02-02 at 18:25.The student, Olabode Sule, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-02-02 at 18:39.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-02-03 at 13:28.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9061 on 2016-07-07 at 13:48:12Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T20:26:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-03Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93068
Lift date: 2018-07-07T20:28:14Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93068
Lift date: 2018-07-07T20:35:34Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 93068 on 2018-07-08T09:15:23Z
The macroeconomics of the public sector deficit : the case of Morocco
No full textThis paper tries to uncover the reasons underlying the performance of the Moroccan economy. The author argues that wage moderation and judicious monetary policies were instrumental in restraining inflation. With one brief exception in 1983, monetary authorities remained firmly committed to eschew any inflationary financing of the budget deficit. This strategy could only succeed however because of the wide ranging system of credit and monetary regulations which worked to channel domestic funds toward the Treasury at relatively low costs. The prospects for the continuation of such a strategy are not favourable however. As far as the growth performance is concerned, it appears that it can be attributed to an outstanding export response to the new trade regime on the one hand and a set of favourable supply shocks, including a string of recordagricultural harvests and the collapse of real oil prices, on the other. The paper studies the evolution of the budget and its different components and argues that the reluctance by Morocco's policy makers to monetize existing budget deficits is well explained by the sharply unfavourable trade-offs between higher monetization and inflation existing in Morocco. It analyzes the implications that continuing budgetary disequilibria has on investment and saving decisions and finds that such implications may be substantial, even though they may not work their way exclusively through traditional interest rates channels.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Financial Intermediation
Effect of Reinforcement on Early-Age Cracking in High Strength Concrete
No full textCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Lean implementation to improve scheduling for a multi-cell manufacturing facility
No full textIncludes bibliographical references
Sensible debt buybacks for highly indebted countries
No full textPrevious studies indicate that debt buybacks at market prices benefit lenders the most because the lack of a seniority structure in sovereign lending distorts secondary market prices upward. The author examines whether welfare-improving buybacks would arise at the"fair"price. If so, policy intervention is needed to remove the distortion. In a model of intertemporal consumption smoothing, buybacks at the fair price are desirable if the country experiences unusually heavy export earnings and if large reserve holdings tend to increase transfers to creditors in default states. Concerted agreements in which debt repurchases are linked to cuts in interest rates or new money requirements can make buybacks at the fair price viable, while preventing the free-rider problem among lenders.Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Financial Intermediation,Strategic Debt Management
Retraction Notice: “Synthesis and Characterization of BiVO4 nanoparticles and its Photocatalytic Activity on Levofloxacin Antibiotics”
No full textRETRACTION NOTICE: “Synthesis and Characterization of BiVO4 nanoparticles and its Photocatalytic Activity on Levofloxacin Antibiotics”. (ChemSearch Journal 10(2): 104 – 111, December, 2019) by Usman Saidu,
Department of Chemistry, Sule Lamido University Kafin Hausa, P.M.B. 048, Jigawa State, Nigeria. Received: 29/10/2019, Accepted: 06/12/2019.
The retraction is agreed upon after discovering that the author utilizes data that was not authorised/approved by his PhD supervisor leading to his requesting for its retraction
Exchange rates and foreign tradein Korea
No full textKorea's exports have made an important contribution to its outstanding economic growth. Its exports, in turn, have been affected by domestic economic variables, including exchange rate policy, and by external influences. Among domestic economic variables, the exchange rate appears to have had a greater influence on exports than changes in export prices or changes in the prices of competing domestic goods. Taking into account that Korean exports are influenced by external factors, such as foreign export prices and foreign incomes, does not affect this conclusion. Korean imports are affected by domestic income, the exchange rate, import prices, and the prices of competing domestic goods. Again, the influence of the exchange rate is greater than that of import prices and the price of domestic goods. The results indicate that Korea can usefully employ the exchange rate as a policy variable. This has been the case during much of the 1965-88 period that the author considers, except for 1975-80, when it led to a substantial overvaluation of the currency. Korea should also use the exchange rate in the future as long as domestic and foreign inflation rates differ.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Access to Markets,Markets and Market Access,Economic Stabilization
Meet Edem Awumey
No full textEdem Awumey is an awarded author from Togo who has written short stories and two novels. The central theme in his works is the exile.</p
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Development – The Exigent and Foundational Approaches for Nigeria
No full textHaving identified ICT production as the component of the ICT revolution that can enhance true socio-economic development to developing countries like Nigeria. This paper
provides a way to achieving this by closely examining what ICT production entails and
positioned that since ICT production is closely related to science, engineering/ technology,
a more meaningful policy implementation in the area of technological growth and Science & Technology education is desirable. The paper is aimed at suggesting the redesigning of the Universal Basic Education (UBE) policy to inculcate ICT production knowledge into Nigerian child from the primary school level if our dream of ICT for development be fulfilled
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