1,720,956 research outputs found
Effect of Credit Facilities on Maize Productivity of Smallholder Farmers in Sumbawanga Rural and Mbozi Districts in Tanzania.
Get PDFThis study aimed at examining the effect of credit facilities on maize productivity of rural smallholder farmers in Sumbawanga rural and Mbozi districts in Tanzania. Specifically, the study aimed at determining the effects of (i) formal financial institutions credit (ii) semi-formal financial institutions credit and (iii) informal credit on maize productivity of smallholder farmers. This study was guided by the theory of financial intermediation and neoclassical economic growth theory. The research design was descriptive quantitative in nature where balanced panel data for the year 2018 to 2020 was used. A random effect model was used to analyse 321 sample observations. The Pearson correlation coefficient results indicated that formal financial institutions credit, semi-formal financial institutions credit and informal credit has significant and positive effect on maize productivity. Moreover, resuts for mean and standard deviation indicated that semi formal financial institutions credit and informal credit were higly accessed and highly dispersed from the mean than formal financial institutions credit. It was also revealed that a unit increase of formal financial institutions credit ratio, semi formal financial institutions credit ratio and informal credit ratio has increased maize productivity. Additionally, R-square results for the overall variation indicate that 29% of the dependent variables were being explained by the independent variable. The study concludes that independent variables are predictors of dependent variable. Thus, it is recommended that policy makers (government) should set policies that encourage the increase of financial access points, reduced transaction costs and enrolling agricultural trustworth agents in rural areas.
Keywords: Credit Facilities, Small Holders, Rural Areas, Maize Productivity
Effect Of Informal Credit To Maize Productivity In Sumbawanga Rural And Mbozi Districts In Tanzania.
Get PDFThis study aimed at examining the effect of semi formal financial institutions credit to maize productivity of rural smallholder farmers in Sumbawanga rural and Mbozi districts in Tanzania. The study was guided by the theory of financial intermediation and neoclassical economic
growth theory. The research design was descriptive quantitative in nature where balanced panel data for the year 2018 to 2020 was used. Random effect model was used to analyze 321 sample observations of the collected secondary data which involved 107 individuals. The results indicated that semi formal financial institutions credit has significant and positive effect on maize productivity. It was also revealed that semi formal financial institutions credit has significant and
positive association with maize productivity. The study concludes that semi formal financial institutions credit is predictor of maize productivity to rural smallholder farmers in Tanzania. Thus, it is recommended that policy makers (government) should set policies that encourage the increase of financial access points, reduced transaction costs and enrolling agricultural
trustworthy agents in rural areas.
Keywords: Informal credit, smallholder farmers and maize productivity
Influence of Participatory Project Practices on Ruwasa Project’s Performance: The Case of Ushetu District, Tanzania
Get PDFThe study investigated the influence of participatory project practices (PPP) on performance of rural water projects carried out by Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASA) in Ushetu district, Tanzania. It specifically looked at the influence of participatory project planning and implementation, monitoring, and communication on project performance. Using a casual research design and a Likert rated questionnaire, the study collected quantitative primary data from 171 respondents, including 143 water users and 28 RUWASA staff. Both descriptive and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyse the data. The results showed a positive relationship between project performance and participatory project planning, implementation, monitoring, and communication. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that participatory project planning and implementation had a significant positive impact on project performance. Similarly, a participatory project monitoring and communication were also found to have a positive effect on project performance. The study concluded that involving the community in project planning, implementation, monitoring, and communication can enhance the performance of RUWASA projects in terms of cost-effectiveness and sustainable clean water supply. It was recommended that community members participate in all aspects of project planning, implementation, and monitoring, and that participatory communication be prioritized to facilitate knowledge-sharing and informed decision-making
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Financial retirement planning of government employees in Tanzania: Moderating effect of financial decision behavior
Get PDFThe study examined financial retirement planning of government employees in Tanzania: Moderating effect of financial decision behavior. The study applied a cross-sectional survey strategy, positivist paradigm and deductive approach. The study collected quantitative data through questionnaire from government employees working in different ministries within Dodoma region in Tanzania. The study examined whether the moderator moderates the relationship between independent variables (computation capability, financial knowledge, financial education and risk attitude towards financial products) and dependent variable (retirement planning). Data analysis was through Smart PLS-SEM path modelling. The study findings were that financial decision behavior had statistically significant positive moderating effect (p=0.013) on retirement planning. Moderating effect of financial decision behavior on the relationship between risk altitude towards financial products and retirement planning found to be a theoretical contribution of this study as it supports behavioral finance advocates who asserts that the theory of expected utility is an incomplete model since it lacks individual behavioral aspects. This study has incorporating a moderating variable financial decision behavior borrowed from the theory of planned behavior, which has indicated a significant moderating effect that has widened the explanatory power of the theory. This study offers pertinent insights for policy makers concerns on reviewing policy guidelines by government regulators and professional bodies, to advocate for employee’s savings and investment behavior, employees access to a range of financial products, regular training on financial products available in the financial market for better investment decision. Lastly, practitioners and academia can use the results of this study for future references
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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