2,184 research outputs found
Sexual and reproductive healthcare utilisation and affordability for South Sudanese refugees and host populations in Northern Uganda: A mixed methods study.
No full textGiven Uganda's increasing refugee population, the health financing burden on refugee and host populations is likely to increase because Uganda's integrated health system caters to both populations. We used sexual, reproductive, and maternal health (SRMH) as a lens to assess the utilisation and user cost of health services in Northern Uganda to identify potential gaps in SRMH services and their financing. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 2,533 refugee and host women and girls in Arua and Kiryandongo districts. We conducted 35 focus group discussions and 131 in-depth interviews with host and South Sudanese refugees, community members, health workers, NGO and governmental actors. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using a framework approach. Quantitative data were analysed using t-test, chi-square tests, multivariate logistical regression, and a two-part model. We found high levels of access to maternal care services among refugee and host communities in Northern Uganda, but lower levels of met need for family planning (FP). Refugees had higher uptake of delivery care than host communities due to better-resourced refugee facilities, but incurred higher costs for delivery kits and food and less for transport due to facilities being closer. FP uptake was low for both groups due to perceived risks, cultural and religious beliefs, and lack of agency for most women. Host communities lack access to essential maternal healthcare services relative to refugees, especially for delivery care. Greater investment is needed to increase the number of host facilities, improve the quality of SRMH services provided, and further enhance delivery care access among host communities. Ongoing funding of delivery kits across all communities is needed and new financing mechanisms should be developed to support non-medical costs for deliveries, which our study found to be substantial in our study. All populations must be engaged in co-designing improved strategies to meet their FP needs
Burden of stroke in Bangladesh
No full textStroke is the third leading cause of death in Bangladesh. The World Health Organization ranks Bangladesh's mortality rate due to stroke as number 84 in the world. The reported prevalence of stroke in Bangladesh is 0·3%, although no data on stroke incidence have been recorded. Hospital-based studies conducted in past decades have indicated that hypertension is the main cause of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in Bangladesh. The high number of disability-adjusted life-years lost due to stroke (485 per 10 000 people) show that stroke severely impacts Bangladesh's economy. Although two non-governmental organizations, BRAC and the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed, are actively involved in primary stroke prevention strategies, the Bangladeshi government needs to emphasize healthcare development to cope with the increasing population density and to reduce stroke occurrence
Rancang Bangun Sewa Kontrak Kios Pasar Dempo Permai Kota Pagar Alam Berbasis Web
No full textCurrently the progress of Information and Communication Technology has been adapted by various government agencies or private, one of the technology that can be used is web, government have used this technology for e-government. The Office of Industry, Trade and SME of Kota Pagar Alam that runs the Market through the Technical Implementation Unit of the Service gives the right to rent at Pasar Dempo Pagar Alam. During this time if there is an empty kiosk, prospective tenants come to the clerk for confirmation and lease submission process. To simplify the management and lease submission process, an application is needed that can facilitate the officer and prospective tenants to interact, while the application will be built is web-based. The purpose of this study design application in the sense of translating the results of the analysis into the form of software packages later Create the system or improve the existing system. To make the proposed system the author uses the steps of Customer Communication, planning, modeling, construction and deployment
Rates and risk factors for antepartum and intrapartum stillbirths in 20 secondary hospitals in Imo state, Nigeria: A hospital-based case control study
No full textDespite Nigeria’s stillbirth rate reducing from 28.6 to 22.5 per 1,000 births from 2000–2021, progress trails comparable indicators and regional variations persist. We assessed stillbirth incidences and associated risk factors in 20 secondary hospitals in Imo state, to generate essential local evidence to inform policymaking to reduce mortality. The total numbers of births and their outcomes were determined through hospital maternity registers. An unmatched case-control study was conducted. We collected retrospective data about 157 antepartum and 193 intrapartum stillbirths, and from 381 livebirths (controls). Potential risk factors were categorised into sociodemographic, obstetric and maternity care and biological determinants using a theoretical framework. Independent multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association of risk factors with each stillbirth type. The overall stillbirth rate was 38 per 1,000 total births. The rate of antepartum and intrapartum stillbirths were 16 and 19 per 1,000 respectively. The risk factors independently associated with antepartum stillbirths were nulliparity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.87, 95%CI 1.04–3.36); preterm birth (aOR 14.29, 95%CI 6.31–32.38); being referred from another facility (aOR 3.75, 95%CI 1.96–7.17); unbooked pregnancy (aOR 2.58, 95%CI 1.37–4.85); and obstetric complications (aOR 4.04, 95%CI 2.35–6.94). For intrapartum stillbirths, associated factors were preterm birth (aOR 11.28, 95%CI 4.66–27.24); referral (aOR 2.50, 95%CI 1.19–5.24); not using a partogram (aOR 2.92, 95%CI 1.23–6.95) and obstetric complications (aOR 10.71, 95%CI 5.92–19.37). The findings highlight specific risk factors associated with antepartum and intrapartum stillbirths, shedding light on potential areas for targeted interventions
Effect of Transport Parameters and Device Geometry on Extraction Kinetics and Efficiency in Direct Immersion Solid-phase Microextraction
No full textAn alternative strategy to increase mass transfer entails geometry optimization of the extraction systems including design of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) probes. In this work, a computational model was employed to elucidate practical aspects such as efficiency and kinetics of extraction by employing several new geometries. Extraction of a model analyte at static conditions with the configurations, such as thin-film, fiber, coated tip, and nanoparticles, was numerically simulated to obtain an in-depth understanding of the advantages and limitations of each geometry in microextraction and exhaustive modes. The attained results associated with the equilibration time dependency on shape were in good agreement with previously reported experimental observations. They demonstrate that the mass-transfer is highly dependent on the size and shape of the coatings and increases with a decrease in size of the devices particularly rapidly below 10 μm caused by radial diffusion effect. Nevertheless, extractions performed using octadecyl-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles demonstrated that higher enrichment factors are achievable with the use of a fewer number of particles in comparison to factors achieved via exhaustive extraction, where a larger number of particles must be employed, confirming theoretical predictions. The conclusions reached are valid for any extraction method. The results obtained herein are very useful toward the design and optimization of future extraction technologies and approaches.Fil: Alam, Md. Nazmul. University of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Nazdrajić, Emir. University of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Singh, Varoon. University of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Tascon, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. University of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Pawliszyn, Janusz. University of Waterloo; Canad
A Sustainable Campus for Higher Education Institutions in the US
No full textThe green and sustainable campus as a concept is not something new to the US However, well organized and coherent activities to effectively "green" campues are not that common, and efforts are minor in comparison tothe potential of these universities (green and tompson, 2005)This poster was presented by Alam, Md Imtiajul A Sustainable Campus for Higher Education Institutions in the US. at the 5th Graduate and Professional Student Research Conference April 11, 2018, Memorial Union, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. Posted with permission
Teacher Candidates' opinions about Augmented Reality(AR) as a supplemental educational tool
No full textThis poster was presented by Alam, I., Teacher Candidates' opinions about Augmented Reality(AR) as a supplemental educational tool. Presented at 10th Annual Graduate and Professional Student Conference, held at Memorial Union, Ames, IA, April 6 2022. Posted with permission.In recent years, augmented reality (AR) technology has been widely proposed as innovative technology. AR technology superimposes digitally simulated information on the physical environment, which can be a unique element for learning experiences. Despite the potential of AR, there has been relatively little integration of AR into the
classroom. The purpose of this pilot study is to examine the acceptance and intentional use of AR technology by teacher candidates and their opinions of AR as a supplemental educational tool. The study has utilized a phenomenological design that is comprised of System Usability Scale survey and interview questions. Based on the participants' answers, research data has been analyzed and discussed
Investigating the utilization of healthcare services to manage respiratory tract infections (RTIs) among Qatari patients attended selected primary healthcare centers in Qatar
No full textBackground: Respiratory-Tract-Infections (RTIs) are a common cause for most of the GP consultations and antibiotic use at primary care. The study aims to investigate the pattern, distribution, and determinants of several healthcare services use (RTI-related GP visits, antibiotic use, other medication uses and tests and investigations) to manage RTIs among local Qatari patients presented at the selected Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) in Qatar.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the selected seven (7) Primary Health Care Centers in Qatar for which a complete primary healthcare services data is available on the CERNER system from July 2015 to December 2017. We analyzed electronic data on RTIs-related GP consultations, antibiotic use, other medication uses, and tests and investigations recorded by the PHCC. Trends were investigated by employing linear regression analysis, including months and seasonal dummies as independent-variables. The rates of services use (per 1000 total cause visits) were presented by age-categories, gender, and comorbidity-status. We also analyzed individual patient-level count data on RTI-related 4 selected healthcare services use. A separate negative binomial regression model was used to identify determinants of healthcare services use.
Results: A total of 171,447 RTI visits made by 58,786 patients during July-2015 to December-2017. The Mean age ±SD of participants is 24.80±18.5 years, among them 38.79% falls to age group 5-19 and 33.53% belongs to 20-44. Of the total patients, 48.91% are male and the rest are female. Highest number of patients with a comorbidity of Diabetes (12.85%), followed by Hypertension (10.54%). We have found no difference in the month-to-month rates of RTI-related GP visits (per 1000 total visits) over the study period (non-significant decreasing trend). However, there was a significant decreasing trend in the monthly rates of antibiotics consumption and an increasing trend in the tests/investigations done but there was no clear increasing or decreasing trend in the monthly rates of other medications use. As expected, we found lower number of RTI related healthcare services use during the summer months. After the bi-variate analysis of individual patient-level data of selected 4 health care services across age-categories, gender and various comorbidity status, we found healthcare services varied significantly across age-categories (younger patients relatively used more healthcare services compared to older patients) and whether patients had one of the five comorbidities. We have also found that age and comorbidity status (whether patients had a comorbidity or not) were important predictors for determining individual patient-level healthcare services use.
Conclusion: In this study, antibiotic consumption for RTIs significantly decreased, as did consultation rates but investigations use rate significantly increased. The large seasonal variation indicates additional likelihoods to decrease healthcare service use. After the bi-variate analysis of individual patient-level data of selected 4 healthcare services across age-categories, gender and various comorbidity status, healthcare services varied significantly across age-categories and whether patients had one of the five comorbidities. We have also found that age and comorbidity status (whether patients had a comorbidity or not) were important predictors for determining individual patient-level healthcare services use. So, the first ever study investigating the utilization of healthcare services use by RTI patients presented at the 7 PHCC healthcare centers in Qatar, which may help policymakers to comprehend the scale of the utilization and to plan a better management of RTIs at primary care setting in Qatar.خلفية: عدوى الجهاز التنفسي تعد سببا شائعا لمعظم استشارات أطباء العموم ولاستخدام المضادات الحيوية
في الرعاية الصحية الأولية. تستهدف هذه الدراسة استقصاء نمط وتوزيع ومحددات الاستخدام لخدمات الرعاية الصحية
المتنوعة )زيارات أطباء العموم ذات الصلة بعدوى الجهاز التنفسي، استخدام المضادات الحيوية، استخدامات الأدوية
الأخرى، والاختبارات والفحوص( لمعالجة عدوى الجهاز التنفسي لدى المرضى القطريين المحليين في مراكز الرعاية
الصحية الأولية (PHCCs) المختارة بقطر.
طرق البحث: تم إجراء دراسة مقطعية مرجعية في سبعة مراكز للرعاية الصحية الأولية في قطر لديها بيانات
مكتملة عن خدمات الرعاية الصحية الأولية متوفرة على نظام السجلات الطبية الإلكترونية ) سيرنر( من يوليو 2015
إلى ديسمبر 2017 . قمنا بتحليل البيانات الإلكترونية عن استشارات الأطباء المتعلقة بعدوى الجهاز التنفسي، واستخدام
المضادات الحيوية واستخدامات الأدوية الأخرى، والاختبارات والفحوص المسجلة من قبل مراكز الرعاية الصحية
الأولية. تم اختبار الاتجاهات باستخدام تحليل الانحدار الخطي باعتبار المتغيرات الشكلية للشهور والمواسم كمتغيرات
مستقلة. تم عرض معدلات استخدام الخدمات )لكل ألف من إجمالي أسباب الزيارات( من خلال الفئات العمرية، الجنس،
والحالة المرضية. قمنا أيضا بتحليل بيانات عددية فردية على مستوى المريض عن استخدام أربع خدمات رعاية مختارة
متعلقة بعدوى الجهاز التنفسي. استخدم نموذج انحدار ثنائي سلبي منفصل لتحديد محددات استخدام خدمات الرعاية
الصحية.
النتائج: إجمالا هناك 171447 زيارة بسبب الإصابة بعدوى الجهاز التنفسي قام بها 58786 مريضا خلال
يوليو 2015 إلى ديسمبر 2017 . متوسط العمر ± الانحراف المعياري للمشاركين هو 24.80 ± 18.5 سنة، من بينهم
38.79 %ينتمون للفئة العمرية 5 - 19 عاما و 33.53 % ينتمون إلى الفئة العمرية 20 - 44 عاما. 48.91 % من إجمالي
المرضى ذكور والباقي إناث. أعلى عدد من المرضى كانوا من الذين لديهم السكري كمرض مصاحب ) 12.85 ،)%
يليه ارتفاع ضغط الدم ) 10.54 %(. لم نجد فرقا في المعدلات الشهرية لزيارات أطباء العموم المتعلقة بعدوى الجهاز
التنفسي )لكل ألف زيارة إجمالية( على مدار فترة الدراسة )اتجاه تناقصي غير مهم إحصائيا(.
غير أنه كان هناك اتجاه تناقصي ملحوظ في المعدلات الشهرية لاستهلاك المضادات الحيوية واتجاه تزايدي
في الاختبارات / الفحوص التي أجريت، لكن لم يكن هناك اتجاه تزايدي أو تناقصي واضح في المعدلات الشهرية
لاستخدام الأدوية الأخرى. وكما هو متوقع، وجدنا استخداما أقل للموارد ذات الصلة بعدوى الجهاز التنفسي أثناء أشهر
الصيف.
بعد التحليل ثنائي المتغير للبيانات الفردية على مستوى المريض عن أربع خدمات رعاية صحية مختارة عبر
الفئات العمرية والجنس وحالة الأمراض المصاحبة، وجدنا أن خدمات الرعاية الصحية تختلف بشكل ملحوظ في الفئات
العمرية )استخدم المرضى الأصغر سنا خدمات صحية أكثر نسبيا مقارنة بالمرضى كبار السن( وتختلف فيما إذا كان
المرضى يشكون من واحد من الأمراض المصاحبة الخمسة. وجدنا أيضا أن العمر وحالة الأمراض المصاحبة )إذا كان
المرضى لديهم مرض مصاحب أم لا( كانت منبئات مهمة لتحديد استخدام خدمات الرعاية الصحية الفردية على مستوى
المريض.
الاستنتاج: في هذه الدراسة، انخفض استهلاك المضادات الحيوية لعدوى الجهاز التنفسي بشكل ملحوظ
إحصائيا، وبالمثل معدلات الاستشارات لكن معدل استخدام الفحوص ازداد بشكل ملحوظ. ويدل التغير الموسمي الكبير
على وجود احتمالات إضافية لتقليل استخدام موارد الرعاية الصحية. بعد إجراء التحليل ثنائي المتغير للبيانات الفردية
على مستوى المريض عن أربع خدمات رعاية صحية مختارة عبر الفئات العمرية والجنس وحالة الأمراض المصاحبة
المختلفة، تفاوتت خدمات الرعاية الصحية بصورة ملحوظة في الفئات العمرية وفيما إذا كان المرضى لديهم واحدا من
الأمراض المصاحبة الخمسة. وجدنا كذلك أن العمر وحالة المرض المصاحب )فيما إذا كان المرضى لديهم أمراض
مصاحبة أم لا( كانا منبئين مهمين لتحديد استخدام خدمات الرعاية الصحية الفردية على مستوى المريض.هذه الدراسة
هي الدراسة الأولى على الإطلاق التي تستقصي عبء استخدام موارد الرعاية الصحية من قبل مرضى عدوى الجهاز
التنفسي في سبعة مراكز للرعاية الصحية الأولية تابعة لمؤسسة الرعاية الصحية الأولية في قطر، ما قد يساعد واضعي
السياسات على فهم حجم العبء والتخطيط لمعالجة أفضل لعدوى الجهاز التنفسي في بيئة الرعاية الأولية بدولة قطر
Lingkungan Hidup Dan Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam Dalam Perspektif Islam
No full textThis paper discusses the environment and natural resource management in an Islamic perspective from the author\u27s perspective based on the limited amount of Islamic literature that the author knows. The discussion starts from defining the environment, analyzing human behavior towards the environment, human behavior and environmental destruction, human efforts in environmental conservation. It also discussed ethics and the environment, and finally religious views, especially Islam on the environment and natural resource management as well as environmental conservation orders, both recorded in the holy book as well as in history and hadith. Information was collected based on a literature review of research results and previous records as well as the results of observations of the environment itself.Tulisan ini membahas tentang lingkungan dan pengelolaan sumber daya alam dalam perspektif Islam dari kacamata penulis berdasarkan sejumlah terbatas literatur Islam yang penulis ketahui. Pembahasan dimulai dari pendefinisian lingkungan, analisis perilaku manusia terhadap lingkungan, perilaku manusia dan pengrusakan lingkungan, usaha manusia dalam pelestarian lingkungan hidup. Dibahas juga tentang etika dan lingkungan hidup, dan terakhir pandangan agama, khususnya Islam terhadap lingkungan hidup dan pengelolaan sumberdaya alam serta perintah pelestarian lingkungan, baik yang tercatat dalam kitab suci maupun dalam riwayat dan hadits. Informasi dikumpulkan berdasarkan kajian literatur hasil penelitian dan catatan sebelumnya serta hasil pengamtan terhadap lingkungan itu sendiri
Crazy
No full textCrazy was created and performed as a collaboration by Nadia Alam, the author, and Linda Clarke. Passages in bold type are quotes from Wild Roses, a novel followed by a Love Letter, by Jacques Ferron
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