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The [Fe xiii ] Infrared 10747 and 10798 Å Lines in Novae
No full textThe forbidden lines of [Fe xiii] at 10747 and 10798 Å are among the most prominent lines in the near-infrared spectrum of the solar corona. They have been used routinely, both outside and during eclipses, as sensitive probes of the electron density and polarization in the solar corona. Many novae pass through a coronal phase, wherein the highly ionized nova ejecta have physical conditions that are remarkably similar to those of the solar corona. Many of the coronal emission lines that are seen are common to the spectra of both the Sun and novae. Yet, it appears that no robust detection of the [Fe xiii] lines has been made in a nova. Here we report the detection of these two infrared [Fe xiii] lines in the spectrum of the recurrent nova V3890 Sgr, taken 23.43 and 31.35 days after its 2019 August outburst. From their line strengths, we derive values of 1010 and 10[8.5−9] cm−3 for the electron density on the two epochs. The decrease in density between epochs can be explained if the density decreased with a power law n(r) ∝ rα, with α inferred to be −3. The average temperature of the coronal gas is estimated to be T = (2.51 ± 0.06) × 106 K. We find that recurrent novae with giant secondaries, including T CrB, whose eruption is imminent, are the most suitable sources for further detections of the [Fe xiii] lines
Moving, Seeing, Hearing, Smelling and Tasting: How Sensory–Motor Experiences Shape Early Cognitive Development
No full textIn the past few decades, we have seen increasing specialization within developmental science, with researchers focusing on narrowly defined research areas in child development. This specialization has yielded deep insights and methodological advances across many developmental areas. However, it has also led to siloes of expertise. In this article, we review findings on how motor, visual, auditory, olfactory and gustatory experiences affect early cognitive development. We identify some common themes across these domains, such as the role of predictive processing in early development. We argue for the importance of adopting a dynamic systems approach and considering the variabilities both within the individual and in the larger cultural environments. Finally, we conclude by outlining several avenues for future research that seek to advance integrative approaches within developmental science
Strategic climate change disclosures across temporal, directional, and thematic dimensions: Board dynamics and role of institutional ownership
Full text linkStrategic climate change disclosure (SCCD) refers to climate-related reporting that communicates how firms prepare for, respond to, and strategically position themselves around climate risks and long-term sustainability goals. This study examines how board characteristics shape SCCD across three dimensions– thematic (operational vs. strategic focus), directional (direct vs. indirect impacts), and temporal (short-vs. long-term orientation). This multidimensional structure offers a more precise alternative to conventional aggregate disclosure measures. Using panel data from environmentally sensitive firms in high-impact sectors listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (2014–2022), SCCD is measured using a GRI-based index. To strengthen causal inference, we address endogeneity through fixed effects, lagged models, entropy balancing, moderation analysis, and two-stage least squares models. Findings reveal consistent patterns across the three SCCD dimensions. Board size, foreign directors, and audit committees enhance SCCD by strengthening strategic orientation and broadening direct and indirect reporting. Independent directors influence strategic and indirect disclosures, reflecting their monitoring function. In contrast, gender diversity and board meeting frequency are negatively associated with SCCD outcomes aligned with tokenistic appointments and compliance-driven oversight in emerging-market settings. However, both relationships become positive when institutional ownership is higher, indicating that ownership structures can amplify governance effectiveness. Overall, the study advances a novel multidimensional SCCD framework and provides robust evidence on how governance mechanisms and ownership dynamics jointly shape the depth, direction, and strategic focus of climate reporting. The findings offer practical guidance for regulators, investors, and boards seeking to enhance climate disclosure and support long-term environmental objectives
Gout flares, serum urate and seasonality: a descriptive cohort study
No full textAimsTo investigate the relationship between serum urate levels and gout flares and how these vary at different times of the year.MethodsA cohort of people with incident gout was established using a large UK primary care database (Clinical Practice Research Database). Clinician-recorded gout flares and serum urate (SU) measurements were identified and described using joinpoint linear regression modelling. The relationship between SU level, flare frequency, month of the year and mean monthly temperatures was explored and correlations tested using Pearson correlation coefficients.Results249,157 individuals (mean follow-up 6.7 years) experienced 417,101 flares and had 341,457 SU measurements (mean SU 437 µmol/L, standard deviation (SD) 106 µmol/L). SU levels peaked the day before a flare (487 µmol/L). Mean SU in the year preceding a flare was 474 µmol/L compared with 432 µmol/L in the year post-flare. SU levels did not near pre-flare levels in the year following a flare.Flares were most frequent, and SU was highest, in the summer months (June to August). The correlation co-efficient between flares and months of the year was 0.94, whereas the correlation with temperature was less strong (0.70).ConclusionsSU measurement in the year following a gout flare is not indicative of the peak (pre-flare) SU levels that an individual may have experienced. Clinicians should consider this when considering SU measurements in the diagnosis of gout. Patients may find it helpful to be informed of the seasonality of gout flares and advised to take extra caution to reduce the risk of flares during summer months
Evolution of Paleogene to Early Miocene deep-water provenance sources in Sabah, northern Borneo reveals changing Proto-South China Sea paleogeography
No full textMost of Sabah in northern Borneo is covered with Paleogene to Lower Miocene deep marine turbidite sequences that were deposited along the southern side of the Proto-South China Sea (PSCS). They include the Sapulut and Trusmadi formations of central-south Sabah, the Labang and Kulapis formations of eastern Sabah, the Kudat Formation of NW Sabah and the Crocker Formation of western Sabah. Sandstone petrography, heavy mineral analysis and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology reveals changing sources associated with the evolution of the PSCS. Volcanic lithic fragments in some Labang Formation samples and Middle Eocene zircons in a lower Crocker Formation sample, as well as unstable heavy minerals such as apatite and epidote indicate input from contemporaneous volcanism, likely derived from the PSCS subduction arc to the north. By contrast, abundant ultra-stable heavy minerals and Mesozoic zircons indicate multi-recycling from southern sources.Changes in provenance are seen across key stratigraphies. The lower part of the Crocker Formation has similar provenance as the Rajang Group in Sarawak and is interpreted as a more distal equivalent. While the upper Crocker Formation has a similar provenance as the Nyalau Formation in Sarawak and is interpreted as its deeper marine continuation. Parts of the Labang and Kulapis formations suggest an extension of this depositional system into eastern Sabah. In the Early Miocene the Palawan microcontinental fragment collided with the Cagayan Arc, resulting in uplift of a forearc high and formation of mélanges in eastern Sabah. The uplifted forearc was most likely the provenance source for the Temburong Formation in western Sabah
The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on admission, management and mortality of pulmonary embolism in cancer patients.
Full text linkPulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of morbidity among cancer patients. The COVID-19 pandemic introduced new challenges to healthcare delivery. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on PE-related hospitalizations, treatment, and in-hospital outcomes in patients with active cancer. We conducted a retrospective analysis using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2021. Patients with active cancer and a primary diagnosis of acute PE were categorized into three groups: pre-COVID-19 (2016-2019), peak COVID-19 (2020), and ongoing COVID-19 (2021). We compared baseline characteristics, in-hospital procedures, and clinical outcomes among these groups. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess associations between COVID-19 periods and outcomes. Among 170,630 patients with PE and cancer, admission rates decreased during the pandemic. Patients hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic more frequently presented with severe PE phenotypes, including saddle PE (9.7 % and 9.4 % vs. 7.5 %, p < 0.001) and acute cor pulmonale (8.4 % and 8.9 % vs. 5.9 %, p < 0.001). Thrombolysis-based therapies increased during the pandemic, whereas adjusted odds of catheter-directed embolectomy were lower. Despite more severe presentations, in-hospital mortality remained relatively stable (6.0 % pre-COVID-19, 6.0 % peak, 5.5 % ongoing; p = 0.004). The COVID-19 pandemic led to decreased PE-related hospitalizations among cancer patients but was associated with more severe presentations and shifts in therapeutic strategies. Notably, in-hospital mortality remained stable, which may be consistent with maintained PE care pathways during the pandemic. These findings highlight the need for robust, adaptable healthcare systems to ensure continuity of care for high-risk populations during global health crises. [Abstract copyright: © 2026 The Authors.
Development of The COMBINED approach: Integrating a brief behaviour change intervention supported by a physiotherapist for people with rotator cuff disorders
Full text linkModifiable lifestyle factors (smoking, inactivity, overweight) could contribute to the onset and persistence of rotator cuff disorders, yet physiotherapy practice rarely addresses them. Brief interventions (BIs) can support behaviour change but are not routinely embedded in musculoskeletal care. To develop The COMBINED approach: a physiotherapist-supported intervention integrating BI's targeting modifiable health behaviours into routine consultations for people with rotator cuff disorders; and to explore how physiotherapists can be supported to deliver it. A theory-, evidence-, and pragmatic-based development process incorporated stakeholder co-design, behavioural theory, and evidence across three workstreams: (1) narrative review of BIs targeting smoking, inactivity, and weight management; (2) four co-design workshops with 26 stakeholders (physiotherapists, patients, experts) to select and adapt a BI and identify key intervention features; (3) theoretical modelling using COM-B, TDF, and BCTTv1 to map barriers/facilitators, select behaviour change techniques, and develop prototype components. Fourteen BIs were identified; Moving Medicine had greatest utility. Barriers included time constraints, limited skills and confidence, and fear of offending patients, contrasting with patients' acceptability of lifestyle conversations. Recommendations included embedding the BI into routine care, scripts, infographics, patient resources, and training. Twelve TDF domains and 20 BCTs informed prototype development comprising: (1) patient-level intervention: a BI (adapted from Moving Medicine) embedded in routine consultations with tailored resources; (2) clinician-level implementation toolkit. The COMBINED approach is the first formally developed intervention supporting integration of BI's within routine consultations for people with rotator cuff disorders and is now ready for feasibility testing. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Medial quadriceps tendon–femoral ligament reconstruction for recurrent patellofemoral instability: a systematic review
No full textIntroduction: Recurrent patellofemoral instability is frequent in adolescents and young adults, often associated with pain, cartilage damage, and functional impairment. While medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is considered the gold standard, it has limitations in skeletally immature patients and revision settings. Increasing attention has therefore been given to the reconstruction of medial quadriceps tendon–femoral ligament (MQTFL), a complementary stabiliser of the patella as the procedure avoids patellar bone tunnels and may reduce complications. However, current evidence on its clinical outcomes remains limited and heterogeneous, highlighting the need for systematic evaluation. Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the 2020 PRISMA statement. PubMed, Google Scholar, EMABSE, and Web of Science were accessed in September 2025. No time constraints were used for the search. All clinical studies investigating MQTFL reconstruction, either performed in isolation or in combination with MPFL reconstruction, in patients with recurrent patellofemoral instability were considered for eligibility. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane ROBINS-I tool for non-randomised studies. Results: Data from 322 patients were included in the present analysis. The mean age was 19.7 ± 6.33 years, and 67.8% (218 of 322) were female. The Kujala score increased by 34.1 points (95% CI 25.2–43.0; P = 0.013). The Lysholm score improved by 29.4 points (95% CI 10.9–47.8; P = 0.031). The Tegner activity scale improved by 1.7 (95% CI 0.7–2.7; P = 0.006). The IKDC score improved by 31.4 points (95% CI 26.3–36.5; P = 0.008). The mean time to return to sport was 5.4 ± 1.3 months (range 4.0–6.5 months). 74% (173 of 234) of patients resumed athletic activity after MQTFL reconstruction. When considering the level of participation, 69% (50 of 72) of patients were able to return to their preinjury level. The overall complication rate was 7% (24 of 322 procedures), including subluxation (4%, 12 of 273) and dislocation (2%, 5 of 275). The rate of revision surgery for persistent symptoms or functional impairment was 2% (5 of 256 procedures). Conclusion: MQTFL reconstruction is a promising surgical option for selected patients with recurrent patellofemoral instability. Its anatomical and technical advantages, particularly the avoidance of patellar bone tunnels, support its growing interest. While early clinical outcomes are encouraging, the current evidence is limited by methodological heterogeneity and small sample sizes. Further high-quality, comparative studies are needed to clarify its indications, optimise the technique, and confirm long-term efficacy
Coelectrolysis of PET and CO2 Using an Electrochemically Restructured Co-MOF-74 Anode and a Polymeric Co-Phthalocyanine Cathode
No full textMitigating carbon emissions and plastic waste is a pressing societal challenge due to the disruptive environmental impact of incremental accumulation. A promising strategy to address both issues is coelectrolysis of CO2 and PET-plastic waste to high-value commodity chemicals. Here, we report electrocatalytic upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic to formate and terephthalic acid using a cobalt-based metal–organic framework (Co-MOF-74). The electrocatalyst underwent oxidative restructuring to cobalt oxyhydroxide under operating conditions and exhibited near-unity faradaic efficiency (FE) for the ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR) to formate during short-term electrolysis. Notably, EGOR required 0.23 V lower potential compared to the conventional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at a current density of 100 mA cm–2. When coupled with a CO2 reducing cathode, a maximum combined FE of 156% was achieved for formate (anode) and syngas (cathode) at a cell voltage (Ecell) of 1.6 V. Upon integration of the EGOR electrode in a CO2-fed flow cell, the coupled system required an Ecell of ∼2.3 V to operate at 75 mA cm–2. This work presents a promising integrated approach that offers a compelling solution for mitigating environmental pollution by enabling the electrochemical reforming of CO2 and plastic waste into valuable chemicals under cost-effective and energy-efficient conditions
Iconic fascism The excess of destruction and creation in interwar radical right-wing politics
No full textAristotle Kallis uses comparative analysis in Fascism and Iconoclasm to demonstrate that fascists were supreme icon-lovers even as they were consummate icon-breakers. Kallis shows that Iconoclasm – the wilful destruction of icons – was a core feature of fascist violence, from its early movement days through to the consolidation of political power and until the very end of the fascist epoch. The book looks at how fascist iconoclasm changed significantly over this period and differed in its targets and rituals from case to case, whilst remaining central to the fascist dynamics of rupture and rebirth. It examines several case studies, with a focus on Mussolini's Italy and Nazi Germany, and underlines how much fascists appreciated and instrumentalized icons and symbols in the pursuit of their revolutionary political project in the process