116 research outputs found
AACR2 and catalogue production technology: The relevance of cataloguing principles to the online environment
No full textMore than thirty five years have passed since the Paris Conference and cataloguers have witnessed profound changes in many aspects of catalogue production technology and also in bibliographic control and access during this period of time. In comparison to the past, cataloguers are less involved in the design and production of catalogues and bibliographic databases particularly in terms of the interfaces, the types of indexes and the ways in which records and retrieval results are displayed. These changes and developments (see Appendix one) have presented cataloguers with some basic questions about the fundamental principles of record creation and catalogue construction.
Although present online catalogues are benefiting from more advanced hardware and software, there are still considerable, serious problems in searching, retrieval, and display of bibliographic information in present systems, which influence their functions and usefulness. This, as has been highlighted in the literature, may be because some of the present cataloguing principles and rules are inadequate, less relevant or irrelevant to the new electronic environment. A review of the literature of the last two decades indicates that, parallel to the increasing developments in online catalogues, the cataloguing community has been addressing the need for a re-thinking of cataloguing principles and rules in light of the new environment. It is often claimed that AACR2’s rules are based on concepts and principles from the pre-machine period and that they do not serve us well in giving guidance in the construction of electronic catalogues.
Given the influence of all the changes and developments in the world of catalogues and cataloguing, a fundamental re-examination of our cataloguing principles seems very necessary. In this paper some of the basic principles of AACR2 which have been highlighted in the literature as those most likely to be influenced by the new technology will be re-examined in the light of both the present and the potential characteristics and capabilities of the online environment. The aim is to examine the extent to which AACR2 matches or fails to match the capabilities of present systems and those of the near future, for searching, retrieval and display of bibliographic information. In other words, to address how catalogue form and production affects, or is in turn influenced by, the principles upon which AACR2 is based.
The approach used in this paper is to match individual capabilities of online catalogues with the basic principles of AACR2R. A major focus will be the basic concepts of the code’s principles, the logic of their application and the relationship of these principles to the logic of the online catalogue, as well as an examination of the types of principles and rules that are likely to change when moving from a manual catalogue to an online catalogue. In this regard, the needs and expectations of the different catalogue users are also taken into consideration
Development of a liquid-phase microextraction based on the freezing of a deep eutectic solvent followed by HPLC-UV for sensitive determination of common pesticides in environmental water samples
No full textIn this research, a new extraction method based on liquid-phase microextraction and the freezing of deep eutectic solvent has been developed for the determination of pesticides in water prior to their analysis by HPLC-UV.</p
Extraction and determination of opium alkaloids in urine samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography
No full textSpeciation of Tc(IV) in chloride solutions by capillary electrophoresis
No full textBrowse Search My Profile Activate Help Home > List of Issues > Table of Contents > Abstract Speciation of Tc(IV) in chloride solutions by capillary electrophoresis Author(s): Xiaolan Liu | Frédéric Poineau | Massoud Fattahi | Bernd Grambow | L. Vichot doi: 10.1524/ract.93.5.305.64276 View PDF article (245 K) View table of contents Email this link Add to my alerts What is RSS? Trouble viewing articles as PDF? Radiochimica Acta Print ISSN: 0033-8230 Volume: 93 | Issue: 5/2005 Cover date: 20050501 Page(s): 305-309 Abstract text A method for speciation of Tc(IV) species (TcCl62− and TcCl5(H2O)−) in chloride solutions, using capillary electrophoresis (CE) technique was developed. The proposed method has overcome the difficulties of unstable oxidation states analysis by shortening their travel time in the capillary. TcCl62− and TcCl5(H2O)− were thus separated without being hydrolyzed and polymerized, and their UV/Vis spectra were recorded. With a 1 M HCl/NaCl buffer solution (pH=1), the electrophoretic mobilities were determined as 5.47×10−4 cm2/Vs for TcCl62− and 2.13×10−4 cm2/Vs for TcCl5(H2O)− at 25 °C. The total analysis time for one run is 12 minutes
Assessing the Efficacy of the Combined Carbon Quantum Dots - Persulfate Process for the Removal of Amoxicillin from Aqueous Solutions
No full textBackground: Antibiotics are increasingly recognized as emerging pollutants, posing significant environmental concerns upon entering ecosystems. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the oxidation of the antibiotic amoxicillin using the carbon quantum dots/persulfate process.
Methods: All experiments were conducted in a 250 mL glass container. The effects of various operating parameters, including reaction time, pH, amoxicillin concentration, persulfate concentration, and catalyst dose, were investigated under optimal conditions to assess their influence on the removal efficiency.
Results: The results demonstrate that the carbon quantum dots/persulfate process exhibited the highest decomposition rate (kobs) of amoxicillin, with a rate constant of 0.0127 min-1. The optimal conditions for maximum antibiotic removal were found to be pH 5, a persulfate dose of 2 mM, and an amoxicillin concentration of 12.5 mg/L, resulting in a removal rate of 89% within 75 minutes. Furthermore, the mineralization rate was observed to be 33%.
Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate the efficacy of the carbon quantum dot/persulfate process in oxidizing amoxicillin
The survey of Ultrasound/Ferrate Process efficiency towards Beta-Estradiol 17 (E2) Oxidation in Aqueous Solutions: Investigating Chloroform Formation as a Disinfection Byproduct
No full textBackground: Hormones are chemical substances that can disrupt the processes and functions of the endocrine system in both humans and animals. The objective of this study is to examine the degradation of beta-estradiol 17 (E2) hormone through the ultrasound/ferrate process in aqueous solutions and the possibility of chloroform formation as a disinfection byproduct.
Methods: The experiments were conducted using a 250 mL glass container. An ultrasound device operating at frequencies between 24 kHz and 80 kHz, with a maximum power of 200 W, was used as the ultrasound source. Potassium ferrate was employed as the oxidizing agent. The effects of various operating parameters, including reaction time, pH, E2 hormone concentration, ferrate concentration, and ultrasound intensity, were evaluated. After the oxidation process, the sample underwent ultraviolet/chlorine radiation to examine the potential formation of chloroform as a disinfection byproduct.
Results: The results indicate that the ferrate-ultrasound system exhibited the highest pollutant removal efficiency, followed by ultrasound and ferrate individually. Specifically, the rates of removal were 0.123 min-1 for the ferrate-ultrasound system, 0.103 min-1 for ultrasound, and 0.0076 min-1 for ferrate. Furthermore, the optimal conditions for E2 hormone removal were found to be pH 3, a ferrate dose of 200 mg/L, an ultrasound frequency intensity of 80 kHz, and an E2 hormone concentration of 100 mg/L, resulting in 100% removal. The study also found that the highest amount of chloroform formed was associated with the ultrasound, ferrate, and ferrate-ultrasound systems, respectively. Additionally, the potential for chloroform formation was higher in ultraviolet/chlorine conditions compared to chlorine alone.
Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate the efficacy of the ultrasound-ferrate method in oxidizing E2 hormones and its potential to mitigate the formation of disinfection byproducts
Assessment of toxic metal ions in tea samples using new microextraction technique based on the solidified deep eutectic solvent followed by GFAAS
No full textSpeciation of organic/inorganic mercury and total mercury in blood samples using vortex assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the freezing of deep eutectic solvent followed by GFAAS
No full textSensitive determination of atorvastatin in human plasma by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and solidification of floating organic drop followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography
No full textSimultaneous determination of deltamethrin, permethrin and malathion in stored wheat samples using continuous sample drop flow microextraction followed by HPLC–UV
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